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Original: Wang Zhongxin Weekly

How long has it been since you watched a TV series at normal speed? /"Sweet honey is heavy as frost"

No more than 40 episodes, can not save the "water injection TV series."

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

The end of the summer, in addition to the "school month", there are dramas chased in the summer vacation.

A Cui, a junior girl who is both a "rice circle girl" and a "drama master", this summer, in addition to her internship, she also chased three TV dramas that were highly discussed on the Internet.

She calculated that the three dramas add up to more than 150 episodes, which is longer than the two Empresses in the Palace’s combined.

If you carefully count the number of domestic dramas in recent years, you will find that it seems that you haven’t seen a short and pithy domestic drama for a long time, whether it is a big explosion or a silent broadcast.

There are also 42 episodes of "Dear, Dear", which has become a new slogan. /Figure "Dear, Dear"

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

Giant system is not necessarily "high quality", but it is really long enough! It is not uncommon to take off in 50 or 60 episodes, even the length of 70 or 80 episodes. This huge number alone makes people lose the courage to follow the drama.

Biography of the Harem Zhen Huan, 76 episodes; Story of Yanxi Palace, 70 episodes; Sweet honey is as heavy as frost, 63 episodes; Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace has reached an astonishing 87 episodes …

Not long ago, the topic "# The General Administration plans to stipulate that the drama series should not exceed 40 episodes #" detonated the network. According to the report, the State Administration of Radio and Television is studying the policy of limiting the number of TV dramas and soliciting opinions from the industry. It is proposed to stipulate the upper limit of the number of episodes, and the upper limit is 40 episodes.

Can 40 episodes really prevent water flooding? /Caixin. com

Limiting the maximum number of episodes to 40 episodes can save domestic dramas that are flooded with water, but at least it can save domestic drama audiences who are forced to chase long dramas every day.

Contemporary human pursuit of drama daily life

Catch up with 100 episodes in one breath

Little friends who have chased domestic dramas know a "hidden rule", and now domestic dramas have a "fixed number of episodes".

There are no seventy or eighty episodes of costume drama, but forty or fifty episodes are the basic discs of modern drama. When did these series get longer and longer?

According to the "Recording of National TV Drama Production" published by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, the average number of episodes of domestic TV dramas has gradually increased since 2012, and in December 2015, it exceeded 40 episodes for the first time (40.95 episodes). From 2016 to 2018, the average number of episodes exceeded 40 frequently.

There are 74 episodes recorded and filmed in July 2019 alone. /SARFT website

Domestic dramas generally exceed 40 episodes, mainly after 2015.

The latest "Notice of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on the Filing and Publicity of National TV Series Shooting and Production in July 2019" updated the figures: In July 2019, there were 74 plays and 3,030 episodes of national TV series shooting and production.

74, 3030 episodes! A little calculation, the result is really amazing: the average number of episodes is 40.95, which has exceeded the envisaged upper limit of 40 episodes.

As the saying goes, "You have Zhang Liangji and I have a wall ladder". The "big production" of 70 or 80 episodes can’t slow down the speed of people’s drama pursuit, and thus a variety of new black technologies and skill guides for drama pursuit have been born.

One of the most familiar interface operations for drama girls.

It is only the first step for a qualified domestic drama audience to get used to using major video websites instead of TV sets. Xiaochao, a girl in the rice circle, summed up her three-step pursuit of drama-

The first step is to skip the beginning and end of the film; Step 2, start double-speed playback; The third step is to select only the selected single clip version you want to see.

Such an operation is as fierce as a tiger. Usually, a 45-minute episode can be finished in 15-20 minutes. Three steps down, chasing dozens of episodes of so easy in one day.

It is no exaggeration to say that double-speed playback has become the standard for young people to watch dramas nowadays. But when to play at double speed, when to watch at double speed, or even when to skip directly, there are many skills behind it.

If you can’t watch the TV series, just watch the barrage.

Ruyu, who claims to be a tenth-class fan of domestic dramas, often teaches others her "three axes necessary for double speed": memories, empty mirrors and slow motion, inner monologues or meaningless dialogues. As long as you encounter the above content, you can choose double-speed playback or even skip it directly without hesitation.

There are two kinds of memories, one is "Previously on Life", so skip it directly. The other is "flashback", such as the memories of the protagonist at the critical moment. Originally speaking, flashback can help the audience understand the plot, but most of the time, it is used by post-editing to piece together the plot, so it can also be skipped.

Not to mention an empty mirror. Lots of natural scenes, empty scenes without characters and slow-motion scenes without dialogue-unless you want to enjoy the background soundtrack at the moment, you’d better skip it.

I’m here to see people, not beautiful scenery. /"to the sky kingdom"

The last one is a bit difficult to judge, and it depends on personal preference. For example, in the TV series "Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5", such a typical meaningless dialogue, I believe it is difficult for someone to bear to watch it-

"How many associates are there here?"

"Here is a person."

"Eleven people?"

"Not eleven people, but one person."

"Twenty-one people? Say! Where are they hiding? "

"You heard wrong, actually alone."

"Seventy-one people, you think I’m stupid, such a small place!"

"Fool, you heard wrong again. Here is a person."

"ninety-one people!" "250, it’s one person."

"251 people, you really think I’m stupid!"

Excuse me, are you dizzy?

If it’s still too long, you can watch pictures and follow dramas in Weibo, Douban and WeChat official account, or open bilibili and choose xx minutes to watch the xx series.

The audience really saw a fire. /"Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5"

Why has the double-speed pursuit of drama become the daily pursuit of drama for contemporary young people? That’s because there is no triple or quadruple broadcast.

The latest news is: Now, all major video platforms have launched triple speed playback, triple speed! Is this speed rushing out of Asia and walking in the forefront of the world?

I just don’t know if you look at it this way. Are you watching movies or just watching a movie?

What are you doing so fast? It’s not a race against time. /"Lola Run"

Waist or continue life, see the real chapter by quality.

Film and television, a world-wide art, is of course deeply loved by people all over the world. After all, "couch potatoes" became popular in the United States as early as the 1960s.

How do foreigners chase dramas?

People who have seen American TV shows are familiar with the word "season". American TV shows are usually divided into seasons, and the number of episodes per season usually does not exceed 24.

The memories of countless people’s youth will always stay in the 12th season. /Figure "The Big Bang Theory" screenshot

The broadcast of American TV series is indeed characterized by "seasons". The dramas broadcast in autumn usually run from September to May of the following year, and the first half of each season is usually 10-13 episodes. After three months of broadcast, it will usher in the winter break (Hiatus).

During the winter break, TV executives can get ratings survey data and audience feedback, and they will use these indicators to evaluate the value of the new drama, whether to renew it or cut it? Speak entirely on the data that has been broadcast.

English dramas are even tougher. Although it is also a season, the number of episodes per season is about 3-9. Sherlock and Black Mirror, which are familiar to the audience in China, have only three episodes each season-obviously, unlike the long masterpieces of domestic dramas, overseas dramas pursue simplicity and liveliness.

Let’s look at Japan and South Korea next door.

After a lapse of seven years, the phenomenal drama Naoki Banze will finally usher in its second season next year. /"Naoki Nakazawa"

Japanese dramas, which are famous for their brevity, usually have 11-12 episodes. Even the most popular TV series will usually only launch an SP (Fanpian) with a length of about 50 minutes as a follow-up, and there are few sequels, "Never bow to the length". Korean dramas are slightly longer than Japanese dramas, and the total number of episodes of a single drama is usually around 20 episodes.

As we all know, Korean dramas had a period called "foot-binding cloth". For example, many childhood memories of the post-80s and post-90s "Dae Jang Geum" were as long as 54 episodes, and the duration of each episode was actually one hour.

In terms of broadcast mode and the length of episodes, there is no absolute difference between good and bad, not to mention that applying the production mode of overseas dramas to China will definitely have a good broadcast effect.

The longest-lived American TV series "Our Days" even has more than 10,000 episodes, and it is still not over. /"Our Days"

The most important and only responsibility of a TV series is to tell the story well.

In order to control the quality, overseas dramas are usually broadcast while shooting. Whether there is a next season or even an episode depends on the quality. It may be halved at any time, and it can also be a long-lived drama.

The classic American drama Lie to Me also stopped for three seasons because of quality problems. "Don’t Lie to me" solved the case through the eye-catching micro-expression polygraph method, and its novel setting attracted people’s attention at home and abroad, which once set a brilliant record in psychological drama. Up to now, there are many traces of paying tribute to it in film and television works at home and abroad.

However, after entering the third season, the ratings of "Don’t Lie to me" continued to be low, and received comments such as "lost freshness". In the end, it was mercilessly cut down by the TV station on the grounds of "audience aesthetic fatigue"-you know, Fox TV, which belongs to this series, is a character who is so determined that he can not hesitate to cut his back even the "entry-level drama" Prison Break.

The most classic "mind-reading detective" /"Don’t lie to me"

It can be seen that the quality of the series is not directly related to the length, and the length is only the most basic indicator.

In the final analysis, a 40-episode "water-injected TV series", even if compressed into 20 episodes, should be filled with water.

Some plays have too many episodes.

Some plays are 400 episodes.

If it is true, a good drama is not afraid of length, and 80 episodes of "Legend of Wulin" are not too tired to watch every day.

The top ten domestic dramas in Douban are many excellent works with more than 40 episodes of word-of-mouth and length. 46 episodes of Ming Dynasty 1566, 59 episodes of Towards the Republic and 80 episodes of Legend of Wulin are among the top five masterpieces.

I even want to watch 800 episodes. /"Wulin Biography"

The problem of "water injection TV series" is not "length", but "water"

However, why is it "water injection", which has become an unavoidable disease of the times in domestic dramas?

The root of this problem lies in that "episode" is not only the time node of TV drama creation, but also the basic unit of cost accounting and trading exchange: the more episodes a TV drama with a fixed cost can finally be edited, the more the cost is diluted, and the higher the income of the producer will naturally be.

This has also led to an endless stream of ways of "water injection" in film and television dramas.

From the simplest and rudest adding useless dialogues and useless scenes, repeating flashbacks, to adding supporting characters and over-rendering subplots, injecting water from the source of the script, and then inserting frequent oral advertisements, using clips to forcibly lengthen the duration, the water injection of film and television dramas has penetrated into all levels of editing, content creation and income return.

Previously, it took up a third of the length. /"Do you know if it should be green, fat and thin?"

In 2017, "Ode to Joy 2", although the ratings were good, was vomited by many viewers. Some viewers counted down and found that the producers stuffed as many as 51 brands in the play! Others spit out: the drama constantly pieced together the number of episodes with unnecessary plots such as music, characters’ memories and quarrels, and the whole drama was expanded to 55 episodes.

Ode to Joy 2 is not a case. Sun Li’s "The Full Moon Blossoms That Year" showed 50 episodes in the shooting and the previous press release, but it was 74 episodes in the final broadcast, which was a full "note" of 24 episodes.

For film and television dramas, the increase or decrease of the number of episodes may change the narrative way of the whole drama. If the drama is so bad, the masterpiece can’t escape the suspicion of water injection.

As an anti-corruption drama, the phenomenal work "in the name of people" triggered a ratings frenzy. However, the screenwriter admitted that for the sake of commercial benefits, the content of the original 40 episodes was finally "watered" by 15 episodes and written into 55 episodes.

A really good drama even dares to take a "waist cut" to shame itself. /"Kua Times"

The length of a long drama is to make it more handsome and atmospheric, not to facilitate "water injection". Hong Kong TV series, which is good at shooting long dramas, is a good example. Taking TVB as an example, it has produced 107 episodes of Genesis, 65 episodes of Men in Heaven and Earth, and 62 episodes of Passion in Heaven and Earth. Although the length of these plays is long, they all achieve high plot density, large amount of information and exciting.

2017 is the 50th anniversary of the establishment of TVB, and the drama "Kuadai" was the heavyweight drama of that year. At the press conference of Kua Times, starring Bobby Au—Yeung mentioned that the first boast of the play was that it was 50 episodes long.

The "length" of the drama series is not the original sin. Fans, no one wants to catch up with a long series full of water at double or triple speed. What they really want is to catch up with any good drama worth thinking easily without any double speed-it’s really not a big problem if it doesn’t grow long.

Author | Wang Zhongzhong

The new weekly was originally produced, and it is forbidden to reprint without permission.

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Original porridge medical digestive liver disease channel included in the topic #2020 CGC18.

I’ve heard of many kinds of vaccines. Is there an Hp vaccine?

Speaking of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), I think everyone is familiar with it. Hp is a gram-negative spiral bacteria, which mainly spreads from person to person through oral route [1]. The infection rate of Hp in Chinese is very high, exceeding 50%, and the current research proves that Hp has an ambiguous relationship with gastric cancer, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified it as a grade I carcinogen of gastric cancer.

Traditional treatment has always relied mainly on acid inhibitors combined with antibiotics to eliminate Hp to treat related diseases caused by it, but the abuse of antibiotics has led to the rising drug resistance rate of Hp. So, can we eradicate Hp? I’ve heard of many kinds of vaccines. Is there an Hp vaccine?

At the just-concluded 20th National Academic Conference on Digestive Diseases of Chinese Medical Association, Professor Zou Quanming from the Biopharmaceutical Teaching and Research Section of the Department of Pharmacy of Army Military Medical University gave a wonderful report on the theme "How far is Hp vaccine from us?".

Do we need Hp vaccine?

First of all, Professor Zou Quanming raised a question: Do we need Hp vaccine?

▎Hp is closely related to gastric cancer and has serious harm.

At present, there are three different views on Hp in the medical field:

1. The pathogenicity of Hp is serious, and vaccine is needed for radical cure;

2. Hp is still helpful to the human body, even probiotics;

3. Hp and human beings have coexisted for a long time, and their existence is reasonable.

These different viewpoints have seriously affected the research and appearance of Hp vaccine.

According to the data released by the National Cancer Center in 2017, there are about 680,000 new cases of gastric cancer in China each year, accounting for nearly one-third of all cancers in China, accounting for about 50% of the total incidence in the world, and the mortality rate also accounts for about 50% of the world total. Hp infection can almost always cause active inflammation of gastric mucosa. On the basis of chronic inflammation, some patients can also develop a series of diseases such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer (1%).

Hp infection has brought great disease burden and economic loss to people, but at present, people pay insufficient attention to Hp. Professor Zou Quanming emphasized that Hp is very harmful and we need Hp vaccine.

▎ At present, antibiotics are used to treat Hp, but the symptoms are not cured.

Traditional treatment has always relied mainly on acid inhibitors combined with antibiotics to eliminate Hp to treat related diseases, but antibiotics can only eliminate the existence of individual Hp or suppress its proliferation, and can not achieve the goal of eradicating Hp for the whole society. And the drug resistance caused by frequent use of antibiotics, such as clarithromycin and metronidazole, has become a serious problem in some countries. In addition, the use of antibacterial therapy to eradicate Hp is not sustainable. In some countries, the annual recurrence rate of Hp is as high as 15%-30%.

Professor Zou Quanming said that China, Japan, South Korea and other countries in the Far East, including many countries in Eastern Europe, have a high incidence of gastric cancer. Under the condition of extensive vaccination, even if the hidden Hp infection of patients is not detected, the incidence of gastric cancer can be reduced. In developed countries, it is calculated that a 10-year vaccination program can greatly reduce the prevalence of ulcer and gastric cancer caused by Hp, and also reduce the incidence of related diseases and economic losses.

Basic questions to be answered in Hp vaccine research

However, the research of Hp vaccine is not smooth sailing. Professor Zou Quanming pointed out that it is very difficult to study Hp vaccine and the following problems need to be solved:

1. Why is the immune response caused by natural infection of the host not protective?

2. What are the mechanisms and differences between immune protective response and pathological injury?

3. Screening and transformation of vaccine effective antigen?

In addition, the immune mechanism of Hp infection is very complicated.

Figure 1: Infection immune mechanism of 1：Hp

Research progress of preventive Hp vaccine

Next, Professor Zou Quanming introduced the research progress of Hp vaccine at home and abroad:

Figure 2: Research progress of Hp vaccine at home and abroad.

Professor Zou Quanming and his research team established the strategy of "intramolecular adjuvant mucosal vaccine of Hp", which has been verified by practice. This technique can produce sIgA antibody in gastrointestinal mucus (which is completely different from serum IgG antibody), thus blocking Hp infection.

Fig. 3: Mechanism of action of intramolecular adjuvant mucosal vaccine of 3：Hp.

Animal experiments show that the protective rate of the oral recombinant Hp vaccine in mice, rats and rhesus monkeys is more than 80%.

In addition, Professor Zou Quanming and his research team established an efficient system for screening components of Hp vaccine for the first time, and successfully constructed an engineering strain of Hp vaccine that can be used for production. More than 300 strains of Hp and more than 1,500 candidate protein components were collected from patients in 20 provinces and cities in China, and finally the Hp vaccine components were selected, and an efficient and stable vaccine purification process was established. The purity of the produced vaccine protein was over 80%, and the output was 400,000 mg/time (reaching the production scale).

In 2015, the clinical research results of "Oral Helicobacter pylori vaccine phase III" conducted by Professor Zou Quanming and his research team were published online in the top medical journal The Lancet.

Figure 4: The research results are published online in The Lancet.

In this study, more than 30 technical specifications, standards and experimental detection technologies necessary for human clinical trials of Hp vaccine I, II and III were established. And through the invention and creation of the above key technologies, more than 4,000 volunteers aged 6-15 have been developed and completed in phase I, II and III human clinical trials.

Figure 5: Distribution and shedding of subjects

Figure 6: Analysis results of infection prevention effect

The results showed that there were 64 cases of Hp infection during the follow-up period, that is, 14 cases were infected in the vaccine group (2025 people) and 51 cases were infected in the control group (2058 people). The total protection rate of oral recombinant Hp vaccine against infection was 71.8%.

In terms of safety, 157 (7%) people in the experimental group and 161 (7%) people in the control group had one or more adverse reactions during the study. Among them, 5 (< 1%) people in the experimental group and 7 (< 1%) people in the control group had serious adverse reactions, but they all thought it had nothing to do with vaccination [2].

This shows that oral recombinant Hp vaccine is "effective, safe and immunogenic" among children who are not infected with Hp, which can significantly reduce the incidence of Hp infection.

Professor Zou Quanming said that he also took the Hp vaccine at that time. Up to now, he has been tested for Hp once a year, and the results have been negative.

This study is the first phase III trial of Hp vaccine in the world. Professor Philip Sutton of Melbourne University in Australia made a special comment on this study: "The successful development of this vaccine has taken an important step towards preventing gastric cancer caused by Hp. This will rekindle human passion for this important topic, further encourage more investment, and promote continuous progress in this field through in-depth clinical trials. "

The Hp vaccine is still in the approval stage and has not been approved for marketing. At the scene, Professor Zou Quanming also expressed his expectation and called on academic organizations and Hp study groups to jointly promote the listing of Hp vaccine.

Reference source:

[1] Chinese Medical Association, et al. Guidelines for primary diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection (2019). Chinese Journal of General Practitioners .2020,5 (19) 5.

[2]Ming Zeng,Prof Xu-Hu Mao,et,al.Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of an Oral Recombinant Helicobacter pylori Vaccine in Children in China: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial.The Lancet.2015,6(30).

Review of this article

Professor Cao xiaocang

Chief physician, professor, master tutor of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital of Gastroenterology.

Member of Digestive Endoscopy Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group of Digestive Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Vice Chairman of the Youth Committee of Behavioral Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association

Member of Clinical Epidemiology Collaboration Group of Digestive Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Member of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Committee of Gastroenterology Branch of China Medical Equipment Association.

Member of anorectal difficult disease Committee of inflammatory bowel disease Committee of anorectal physician branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association

Member of Expert Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gastroenterology Professional Committee, China Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.

Member of the Expert Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease of Beijing Medical Award Foundation.

Standing Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Alliance of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation, Standing Committee of Intestinal Microecology Professional Committee

Standing Committee of the Committee of Stem Cell Engineering Technology Branch of China Biomedical Engineering Society

Vice Chairman of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group of Gastroenterology Branch of Tianjin Medical Association

This article starts: medical digestive liver disease channel

Author: CGC report group porridge

Original title: Helicobacter pylori vaccine, how far is it from us? 》

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　　Zhang Shaobo (left), head of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang, is observing the growth of crops. Information picture

　　Ten thousand mu of paddy fields in Qixing Farm of Great Northern Wilderness. Gao Pengfei photo/bright picture

　　Liao Yongxia investigated the growth process of soybean in the field. Information picture

　　Xu Xide (middle) looks at the growth of seedlings in the experimental field. Information picture

　　[New Journey of Strengthening the Country with Talents]

　　The spring is chilly, and the black land on both sides of the road in the hinterland of Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province is still covered with snow as far as the eye can see. Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation Group Co., Ltd. (formerly known as "Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau") is located in laboratories all over the country, but it is already in full swing and full of vitality.

　　In the laboratory of Jiangchuan Branch of Kenfeng Seed Industry of Beidahuang Group, technicians are conducting a sampling germination test of rice seeds to ensure that growers can "safely plant" during spring ploughing. In Qixing Agricultural Technology Extension Center, the post-doctoral innovation practice base of Heilongjiang Province has just settled here, which will provide more talent support and scientific research motivation for increasing grain production and income.

　　In September, 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the modernization of China cannot be separated from agricultural modernization, and the key to agricultural modernization lies in science and technology and talents. It is necessary to put the development of agricultural science and technology in a more prominent position, vigorously promote agricultural mechanization and intelligence, and insert the wings of science and technology into agricultural modernization. On September 28th of the same year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, when presiding over the symposium on further promoting the revitalization of Northeast China, pointed out that various measures should be taken to create the conditions for keeping people in mind, so that all kinds of talents can feel at ease, settle down and work in peace.

　　Over the years, Beidahuang Group has kept in mind the entrustment, made every effort to create a talent environment of "keeping people in mind", cultivated a high-level agricultural science and technology talent team, took root in Beidahuang’s innovation and entrepreneurship, and helped increase grain production and income. In 2022, the grain output of the Great Northern Wilderness reached "19 consecutive harvests", with a total grain output of 45.13 billion Jin, making the national grain safety ballast stone more stable.

　　1. Make every effort to break through the "neck-stuck" technology of provenance.

　　"You must plant this year &lsquo; Longken 2021&rsquo; Rice, the effect is very good. Last year, I had a bumper harvest after trial planting, with an average yield of more than 1,300 kilograms per mu. " At present, it is the season of preparing for farming, and Zhang Jinghui, a big planter in Qixing Farm, will recommend it to everyone.

　　In Nanfan Base of Kenfeng Seed Industry, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 4,000 kilometers away, Xu Xide, the chief rice breeding expert, wore rain boots, camouflage clothes and a big straw hat to observe the growth of rice with the research team in the scorching sun. "Conventional breeding of a new variety takes about 10 to 12 years from hybridization to test to variety approval. Southern breeding can speed up breeding and shorten breeding time." Xu Xide took off his straw hat and wiped a handful of bean-sized sweat on his forehead.

　　Seed is the "chip" of agriculture. In order to solve the technical problem of "sticking the neck" of provenance, Kenfeng Seed Industry of Beidahuang increased investment in scientific research, built a high-level R&D talent team and introduced high-level scientific research personnel through various channels. In 2013, Xu Xide joined Kenfeng Seed Industry to form a rice breeding innovation team.

　　"Here, we don’t talk about heroes by the number of papers, but by the achievements of scientific research and innovation. We put all our energy into scientific research, relying on the rich germplasm resources bank of enterprises and modern breeding laboratories to combine conventional breeding with biological breeding, with remarkable results. At present, the team can approve 10 to 15 varieties a year." Rooted in the land of three rivers, in the past 10 years, Xu Xide led the scientific research team to cultivate more than 20 high-quality rice varieties.

　　In order to encourage researchers to industrialize scientific research achievements, Kenfeng Seed Industry will give certain rewards to researchers according to the transformation amount of scientific research achievements and variety sales. This incentive policy enables "Longken 2021" to be quickly transformed into "Kenchuanxiang" brand.

　　"Ken is made up of roots and soil, Sichuan represents water, and incense is made up of grain and sun, which means the vast Sanjiang Plain at the foot of Wanda Mountain in the south of Xiaoxing ‘an Mountains. The rivers are vertical and horizontal, and the soil is fertile, which is fertile ground for the growth of high-quality rice." From the design of brand name, it shows Xu Xide’s intention and love. "In the future, we will &lsquo; Kenchuanxiang &rsquo; It has become the core product of high-quality rice in the Great Northern Wilderness Group, which has promoted the industrialization of rice in the central and eastern parts of Heilongjiang Province and made the rice in the Great Northern Wilderness float across the country and even the world. "

　　Xu Xide has been engaged in rice breeding for 35 years since he joined the work in 1988. "A grain of rice not only provides life energy for human beings, but also is the basis for breeding the next generation. In the future, we will cultivate more high-yield and high-quality varieties, so that China rice bowls can contain more China grain. " Xu Xide said that year after year, seeing the seeds he cultivated flourish in the fields, his heart is full of vitality and strength.

　　2.“&lsquo; Tukela &rsquo; It’s full of high technology. "

　　In the Soil Laboratory of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang, Han Bangdong, the head of the fertilizer testing project, is making a "soil testing formula fertilization card" for growers: "After the autumn harvest, we collect black soil samples from different plots to test and analyze the organic matter content. Not only can accurate fertilization be achieved, but also soil hardening caused by excessive fertilization can be avoided, thus protecting black land. "

　　Han Bangdong, born in 1994, can be regarded as "three generations of cultivation". Seeing the hard work of grandfather and father, Han Bangdong was determined to learn advanced agricultural technology from an early age to make farming less hard. He volunteered for the college entrance examination, and he filled in the agronomy major.

　　Soil testing, formula fertilization, variable fertilization, and non-stirring technology for drought leveling & HELIP; &hellip; Han Bangdong has worked in the construction of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang for 6 years, and participated in more than ten scientific research experiments and popularization. "Don’t underestimate farming, now this &lsquo; Tukela &rsquo; The school is full of high technology. " He said.

　　Qixing Farm of Beidahuang Group attaches great importance to the reserve of scientific research talents and team building, builds Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park on the basis of Beidahuang, selects outstanding scientific and technological talents, makes job planning for young scientific researchers, and realizes the best use of talents. Over the past ten years, the park has completed more than 750 scientific research projects, introduced more than 800 new varieties, popularized 29 practical new technologies such as leaf age diagnosis, lateral deep fertilization and blanket seedling raising, and trained more than 50,000 farmers.

　　The park is not only a place to promote agricultural science and technology research and development, but also a reservoir for the growth of scientific and technological talents. "Park and &lsquo; Green super rice &rsquo; Academician Workstation, China Agricultural University, Northeast Agricultural University and other research institutes have cooperated in joint research, which has built a very good platform for young researchers to participate in major project research and development. " Zhang Shaobo, the person in charge of the park, is also a native of the Great Northern Wilderness. "The average age of the team is only 33 years old. In recent years, new people have been joining in, and everyone is working hard, full of energy and making rapid progress."

　　"Inheriting the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness and continuing to struggle, I hope that through the efforts of our generation, children can see an intelligent and modern Great Northern Wilderness." Han Bangdong often thinks like this.

　　3. The vast world makes talent learning useful.

　　A year’s plan starts with spring. Liao Yongxia, deputy director of agricultural development department and director of agricultural science and technology service center of Daxijiang Farm Co., Ltd. of Beidahuang Group, is busy planning this year’s scientific research project these days.

　　"There are more than ten items such as the renewal of planting varieties, the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and the optimization of fertilization technology in low-yield fields, mainly to solve the problems encountered in agricultural production last year." Liao Yongxia said.

　　"Yongxia, this is a good opportunity to stay in Beijing. Not only is it well paid, but it can also solve the Beijing hukou." When she graduated from college, her tutor felt sorry for Liao Yongxia when she learned that she had given up a Beijing enterprise she recommended and chose to work in a grass-roots farm in Beidahuang.

　　"The Great Northern Wilderness, as the vanguard of agricultural modernization in China, represents the direction of agricultural development in China, where the vast world can give me a stage to display what I have learned." This is Liao Yongxia’s prudent decision.

　　When he first arrived at the Agricultural Department of the Farm, Liao Yongxia was sent to the Science and Technology Park to participate in scientific research and experiments, and was responsible for insect monitoring. He got up at 5 o’clock every morning and went to the field to observe and record the number of adults. The dew in the morning soaked the pants, and the hot sun at noon made people sweat.

　　It’s nothing to suffer a little, but I’m most afraid of being distrusted by growers when doing technology promotion. "Is it possible to have fewer seedlings and higher yields?" When Liao Yongxia first began to promote the technology of sowing and density reduction on farms, growers questioned: "It’s okay for you college students to do research in the laboratory, but we have decades of experience in farming."

　　"speak with data and output." Liao Yongxia and the research team concentrated on the comparative experiment of planting density, and compared the output data before and after the application of technology to farmers, which won everyone’s recognition: "You can plant it in the future."

　　Engaged in agricultural science and technology for more than ten years, Liao Yongxia has collected more than 10,000 pictures of pests and diseases and crop growth, accumulated more than 20 agricultural diaries, and led scientific and technological teams to carry out more than 50 key scientific and technological research projects. In 2022, the output of the three main crops of soybean, corn and sorghum in Daxijiang Farm all set a record in the field.

　　"In recent years, farms have seized the &lsquo; Niubi &rsquo; Strengthen the construction of agricultural technicians, set up professional teams, recruit college graduates to enrich scientific research strength, purchase advanced experimental equipment, improve office conditions, and let us invest in scientific research experiments and technology promotion with more peace of mind. " Liao Yongxia said, "No, two college students we recruited from Bayi Agricultural University are studying for master’s degree. The vast world of the Great Northern Wilderness has witnessed my growth, and I believe they will certainly make a difference here. "

　　(Reporter Zhang Shiying)

　　Cctv newsWith the sound of crying, a baby born less than 24 hours will be vaccinated with his or her first vaccine &mdash; &mdash; Hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccination is a common memory of 1.3 billion Chinese, and every China citizen has enjoyed the National Immunization Program for free since the day of birth.

　　2018 is the 40th year for China to implement the immunization planning policy. Since the implementation of the planned immunization policy in 1978, relevant policy documents have been issued continuously, the investment of central government funds has been continuously increased, the service system has been gradually improved, and remarkable achievements have been made in immunization planning. The national immunization program has expanded from 4 to 14 vaccines, and the number of preventable infectious diseases has expanded from 6 to 15. At present, a four-level immunization program monitoring and management system covering the country, province, city and county and a three-level vaccination service network covering the county, township and village have been established, and the incidence of infectious diseases has been effectively controlled. Among them, smallpox was "eliminated" in China in 1961; After 1994, there were no new cases of polio. In 2014, the carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen among children under 5 years old in China dropped to 0.32%; In 2017, the incidence of measles decreased to 4.3/1 million &hellip; &hellip;

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to implement the strategy of healthy China, improve the national health policy, and provide all-round and full-cycle health services for the people. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed at the National Health and Wellness Conference that it is necessary to unswervingly implement the policy of putting prevention first and adhere to the combination of prevention and control, joint prevention and control, and group prevention and control. Focusing on immunization planning is to provide people with the first disease prevention barrier and the most systematic health protection in the life cycle.

　　Vaccination has lasted for more than forty years.

　　Since the birth of mankind, it has always been in the struggle against infectious diseases. In this battle, human beings suffered heavy losses. In history, there have been many records that entire villages, towns and even the whole country ceased to exist because of the ravages of infectious diseases.

　　During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty in China, human vaccinia was invented to prevent smallpox. During the Qin Long period of the Ming Dynasty, acne pulp was used &mdash; &mdash; The focus of smallpox patients is made into vaccine and sprayed into the nose to prevent smallpox. Chinese invented human pox vaccination, though primitive, but it became the first time that human beings invented vaccine to prevent and treat infectious diseases. This method of "starting from Jiangyou, reaching Yanqi, and traveling all over the north and south" was later spread to Europe. Two hundred years after Chinese invented vaccinia, the British invented vaccinia at the end of 18th century. In June 1961, the last case of smallpox infection in China was discharged from hospital, which was nearly 20 years earlier than the last case of smallpox in Somalia on October 26, 1977.

　　The achievement shows the remarkable effect of different immunization strategies for different diseases. In 1950, the Chinese government put forward "autumn vaccination campaign". "Vaccination" refers to vaccination and door-to-door "sweeping" immunization in the early stage. At that time, the identification method was very simple, that is, to see if there were any spots on the outside of the upper arm after smallpox vaccination, and if not, to "vaccinate". TongFu.kabu, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and former director of Beijing Institute of Biological Products, said that after three years of implementation of autumn vaccination strategy, the number of reported cases of smallpox dropped from nearly 70,000 in 1950 to more than 400 in 1954. After that, through regular routine immunization and missed inoculation, there were no more cases of smallpox in China after 1962.

　　Planned immunization forms a complete cold chain system and a preliminary immune barrier.

　　From 1978 to 2000, this period is called "planned immunization" stage. At this stage, a complete cold chain system has been established, and the goal of 85% planned immunization coverage rate in provinces, counties and townships has been achieved successively, and the immune barrier of children’s planned immunization-related diseases has been initially established, and the planned immunization against diseases has been gradually effectively controlled.

　　Establishing a complete vaccine cold chain system is the key to ensure vaccine quality. The vaccine contains artificially treated pathogens or pathogenic components, which not only retains its characteristics (antigenicity) that can be recognized by the immune system, but also makes it lose its pathogenicity. As a biological product, vaccine is sensitive to temperature, and it has to go through many links such as storage and transportation from production to inoculation. In order to ensure the quality of vaccine, vaccine should be stored and transported within the standard temperature range.

　　The landmark achievement of this stage is that China has achieved the goal of no polio. Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, introduced that in order to quickly establish an immune barrier among children and realize polio-free status as soon as possible, China has set up national intensive immunization days since December 1993, namely December 5 -6 and January 5 -6. During the National Intensive Immunization Day, two doses of polio vaccine were given to children aged 0-3 nationwide. Up to 2000, seven times and 14 rounds of intensive immunization activities were carried out nationwide, and the cumulative number of children vaccinated reached 800 million. The coverage rate of supplementary immunization report remained above 95%. After 1994, there were no more polio cases in China through immunization strategies such as routine immunization, supplementary immunization and emergency immunization, and the establishment of sensitive acute flaccid paralysis monitoring system.

　　Immunization program further builds immune barrier.

　　"What is the purpose of our vaccination? It is to control the disease. Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the incidence of major infectious diseases has dropped to the lowest level in history. " Wang Huaqing told reporters about his achievements, but there was no joy on his face. In his view, every day starts from scratch and we can’t relax for a moment.

　　Compared with the planned immunization stage, the planned immunization stage has realized the rule of law management on the basis of scientificity and standardization. Vaccine varieties are adjusted and updated in a timely manner. In 2007, there were 14 kinds of vaccines in the national immunization program. In 2016, the polio vaccine was adjusted, with bivalent live attenuated vaccine replacing trivalent live attenuated vaccine, and inactivated vaccine replacing live attenuated vaccine in the first dose of polio vaccine. At this stage, the vaccination rate reached the goal of 90% by taking the township as the unit. Among them, the incidence of preventable diseases among children in China has dropped significantly, and the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen among children under 5 years old has dropped from 9.67% in 1992 to 0.32% in 2014, with a drop of 97%. In 2017, the incidence of measles decreased to 4.3/1 million, and the incidence rate decreased to the lowest level in history.

　　At the same time of timely adjustment and updating of vaccine varieties, China began to establish a monitoring system for vaccine adverse reactions in 2005. At present, the sensitivity and quality of vaccine adverse reaction monitoring have been recognized by WHO. The establishment and application of the vaccine adverse reaction system enabled China to pass the WHO evaluation of the vaccine supervision system twice with excellent results in 2011 and 2014, which eliminated the bottleneck of domestic vaccines going global and laid the foundation for China’s vaccines going abroad. It is worth mentioning that four vaccines produced in China, such as inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, influenza split vaccine, bivalent polio vaccine and inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, have passed WHO pre-certification, which means that the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines have been recognized by WHO, and the four vaccines will enter the procurement list of United Nations agencies and can be used for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in developing countries.

　　Achievements are hard-won, and the road ahead is inspiring. In 2017, the "Outline of Healthy China 2030 Plan" issued by the CPC Central Committee and the the State Council guided the work of immunization planning, which mentioned that it is necessary to "provide fair, accessible and systematic health services based on the whole population and the whole life cycle to achieve a higher level of national health." Wang Huaqing pointed out that from a technical point of view, the expanded immunization program needs to consider disease factors, vaccine factors and capacity factors, and a series of preparatory work should be done. This is a scientific systematic project, which needs systematic evidence and comprehensive consideration and demonstration.

　　Co-construction and sharing is the basic way to build a healthy China. At present, people’s confidence in vaccination has been continuously improved, and their sense of active participation in vaccination has also been continuously enhanced, and the concept of immunization planning has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts. As the most economical and effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, "immunization program" needs to continue to coordinate the three levels of society, industry and individuals, form a strong joint force to maintain and promote health, do a good job in routine vaccination of children, emergency vaccination, missed vaccination and vaccination of high-risk groups, establish a prevention and control network to control infectious diseases, and play its due obligations and responsibilities to protect people’s health! (Text/Zhang Ke correspondent/Zhou Ying)

　　Thanks to the strong support of the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention for this article. )

CCTV News:When can children and adolescents be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine? The question that the public is generally concerned about has finally been answered. In today’s special attention, we focus on the topic of COVID-19 vaccination for teenagers. The reporter learned from Sinopharm Group that on July 16th, the Covid-19 inactivated vaccine of China Biological Beijing Institute of Biological Products of Sinopharm Group was approved in 3&mdash; Emergency use in 17-year-olds.

How is it different from adult COVID-19 vaccine? What is the protective effect?

3&mdash; What’s the difference between the 17-year-old population, that is, children and adolescents, and adults? What is the clinical protective effect?

How to vaccinate? Any adverse reactions?

For 3&mdash; How to inoculate the inactivated vaccine of Covid-19 in 17-year-old population? Are there any adverse reactions?

Wang Guiqiang, a member of the State Council’s expert group on tackling scientific research problems of COVID-19’s joint defense and joint control mechanism:The specific inoculation method is the same as that of adults, and it is also two needles, with an interval of 21 to 30 days. Adverse reactions are mainly a local pain and redness, mainly local reactions, with few systemic reactions, and individual (people) may have fever, which is completely controllable and safe.

Will it conflict with other vaccinations?

We know that children and adolescents need different vaccines at different ages, so will the vaccination of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 conflict with other vaccinations? How to arrange it reasonably? Let’s listen to the interpretation of experts.

Wang Guiqiang, a member of the State Council’s expert group on tackling scientific research problems of COVID-19’s joint defense and joint control mechanism:For adults, it is suggested that the interval between vaccination and other vaccinations in COVID-19 should be at least 14 days, and so should children and adolescents. However, if trauma, dog bites, etc. occur and tetanus or rabies vaccine is needed, it is not limited by the 14-day interval.

　　According to official data, as of August this year, the cumulative sales of the Song family has exceeded 1.67 million. It can be said that in the current new energy A-class SUV market, the Song family has reached the top flow level in terms of attention and sales volume, and completed the full coverage from DM-i hybrid to EV pure electricity. Among the models in the Song family, I think everyone is equally equal in terms of quality and intelligent performance, but if I have to let who has the highest value, then I personally think it must be right.

　　Although BYD has not been around for a long time, it has its own place in the hearts of the public with its rich configuration and excellent intelligent performance. It is also known as the most beautiful B-class pioneer hunting SUV of BYD Dynasty Network with its excellent face value. At the 2024 Chengdu Auto Show, BYD’s 2025 Song L EV was officially launched. The new car was not only optimized and upgraded in appearance and interior details, but most importantly, it was equipped with DiPilot 100 "Eye of God" advanced intelligent driving assistance system, which also made up for the regret that there was no advanced intelligent driving before.

　　Continue the dynamic and elegant appearance and add the appearance color matching.

　　BYD Song L series has the elements of hunting car in appearance, and the low-lying and wide-body body looks very sporty. It is the first car to use such design elements in BYD Dynasty. In fact, there is basically no change in the appearance of the 2025 model this time. Personally, I don’t think it is necessary to change anything, because it is already very handsome.

　　The front grille uses a relatively sharp design, and the dragon face design plus 3D dragon beard looks very three-dimensional. The daytime running lights with dragon beard shape run through the whole front face, which is very recognizable. The long and narrow LED headlights are in proportion to the front of the car. The appearance of the new car has added aurora blue color matching.

　　There is no difference between the body size of the new car and the cash, and the wheelbase of 2930 mm makes the seating space in the car very spacious. The frameless door design can also give people a very elegant feeling, and the double-layer glue glass increases the quietness of the car. The slight slip back design makes the rear of the car look very full.

　　The biggest highlight of the rear of the car this time is the addition of an electric tail that can be opened and closed. The tail can be opened or closed through the screen and voice control of the car. You can also set the automatic mode, which will automatically rise when the speed reaches 90 km/h, increasing the downforce at the rear of the car at high speed. The taillights with Chinese knots have also become the unique logo of BYD Dynasty.

　　The 2025 Song L EV is equipped with DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" high-order intelligent driving assistance system. The system uses a visual perception scheme, and high-definition cameras are arranged in front of the external reflector, on the side of the fender and inside the front windshield. The specific arrangement includes high-precision millimeter-wave radar *5+ forward-looking camera *2+ rear-looking camera *1+ side-looking camera *4+ panoramic camera *4+DMS camera *.

　　This set of central computing platform is designed, developed and produced by the whole automobile factory, which improves the driving safety and convenience in high-speed and expressway, urban roads, parking lots and other scenarios. Provide a number of driving assistance functions including driving assistance, parking assistance and safety assistance. We will experience it in detail later.

　　In terms of handling, the new car uses the combination of front double wishbone and rear independent suspension, and is also equipped with Yunqi -C intelligent damping body control system. According to official data, the vibration isolation rate of 60 km/h pulse pavement is 96%, the pitch angle of 100 km/h brake is reduced by 28.5%, and the roll angle speed of 100 km/h double lane is reduced by 41.2%. The overall experience is as follows, in a nutshell.

　　The four-wheel drive version of this experience is equipped with a special 20-inch five-star rim, and the front and rear unequal width design is used, which can improve the tire grip in a targeted manner. Golden self-developed custom four-piston calipers have good braking efficiency and linear braking foot feeling during driving. The braking response speed is 20% higher than that of the floating pliers. The perforated ventilation disc brake pad has high heat capacity and heat dissipation is about 21% higher than that of the conventional disc, which makes the braking effect of the 2025 Song L EV outstanding, and the braking distance is within 36 meters.

　　New interior color matching intelligent voice upgrade

　　Sitting in BYD’s 2025 Song L EV car, the first feeling is that the shiny chrome decoration on the previous models has become less, and it has been replaced by a large area of suede. The simple and impetuous interior design is full of sports and the workmanship is also up to standard. The experienced model provides multi-color atmosphere lights and fragrance system, and the wilderness gray is the exclusive color matching of the four-wheel drive model. This time, the interior color of the 2025 model has also added a mysterious gray color scheme.

　　Commonly used buttons are designed around the cutting bar, which will be familiar to those who are familiar with BYD models. A 50-watt mobile phone wireless charging panel is provided in front. A total of four screens are provided in the car, namely, 15.6-inch high-definition central control panel, 10.25-inch full LCD instrument, 5.8-inch rear air conditioning control panel and 50-inch AR-HUD head-up display screen, which highlights the car’s advanced sense and sense of technology.

　　The latest version of the car UI desktop and secondary menu looks very neat, you can get used to it with a little habit, and you can download rich apps through the application market. On the 2025 model, the intelligent voice assistant has been upgraded, and the wake-up response time is as fast as 400 milliseconds. More than 1000 core car control functions greatly improve driving convenience, and the canopy mode switching, electric tail lifting and driving mode selection can all be linked by voice. 4-tone recognition can meet the precise needs of different people in the car; Continuous dialogue in the whole scene, one wake-up can identify multiple instructions, and Xiao Di can also intelligently distinguish between in-car chatting and car control instructions, which does not disturb normal communication and can respond in time.

　　There is nothing to say about the comfort of the seat, and the performance of the front and rear rows is good. The front seat driver and passenger both support the functions of electric adjustment, heating and ventilation, and the massage and boss key are not left behind. The back of the rear seat has a certain shape, which can properly fix the back. The backrest of the seat can also be completely leveled forward, which expands the space of the luggage compartment. With the electric tailgate with large opening, it is very convenient to take things.

　　DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" has been tuned into vehicle control, which is remarkable.

　　The 2025 Song L EV benefited from the development of E platform 3.0, and performed very well in driving texture and handling. The golden power combination structure of front-induction asynchronous motor and rear-permanent magnet synchronous motor is adopted. Under the acceleration condition, the front and rear motors simultaneously exert force, and the maximum output power of the system reaches 380 kW, the peak torque reaches 670 Nm, and the zero-hundred-speed acceleration is 4.3 seconds. Even in comfort mode, you can still have a good acceleration performance with a little body accelerator pedal.

　　The adjustment of DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" advanced intelligent driver assistance system is radical in my experience, and in short, it is very decisive. In the navigation state, you can start the high-speed navigation mode by pulling the steering wheel steering lever. In this mode, the vehicle can realize the functions of automatic lane selection, shifting the lever to change lanes, and automatically getting on and off the ramp. When executing the above orders, the system makes a decisive decision, and can complete the lane change when the distance between the front and rear cars is small, and the timing looks like an old driver.

　　When there is a slow train ahead, the vehicle will automatically change lanes to the adjacent lanes and overtake them, and the action will be skillful in one go. Up and down ramps can also be advanced, and lane-changing operations can be carried out to the rightmost lane in advance, so that the deceleration up and down ramps can move smoothly. When there is a traffic jam in front of the car, it will not slow down sharply. The car will slow down and follow, or find the opportunity to change lanes and overtake. Generally speaking, I think the adjustment of intelligent driving is quite comfortable.

　　The remote parking function, developed on the basis of automatic parking, is connected with the vehicle through the Bluetooth of the mobile phone. After the parking space is selected at the vehicle terminal, the driver can leave the vehicle and start parking through the mobile phone terminal. The system controls the vehicle to park or leave the parking space automatically, which effectively solves the pain point in the situation of narrow parking or inconvenient getting on and off.

　　Full text summary:This time, the 2025 Song L EV not only upgraded its appearance and configuration, but also added DiPilot 100 "Eye of God" advanced intelligent driving assistance system, which made up for the regret that the previous Song L model did not have advanced intelligent driving. At present, the car has been listed. The most surprising thing is that the price of the new model is consistent with that of the 2024 model after it is added. This is enough to show that BYD is very sincere to users. If you are satisfied with the performance of this car, just rush directly.

According to the data from the Statistical Yearbook of Population and Employment in China in 2014 and the Statistical Yearbook of China in 2014, the total number of single people aged 20 to 59 in China in 2013 was 170 million, including 104 million men, accounting for 59.6%, and 70 million women, accounting for 40.4%. There are nearly 35 million more men than women, and this difference will not change in the future.

1. The sex ratio of the birth population is unbalanced, and the problem of "leftover men" is becoming more and more serious.

The long-term imbalance of the sex ratio at birth in China leads to the imbalance between men and women in marriageable age, and the number of men in marriageable age is much higher than that of women in marriageable age, resulting in a shortage of female population.

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the ratio of unmarried men and women in the post-80s generation is 136 to 100, and the ratio of unmarried men and women in the post-70s generation is as high as 206 to 100, which is seriously unbalanced.

There are more men than women, which leads to "marriage squeeze". Because of the huge difference between the number of men and the number of women, some men are squeezed out and forced to become "bachelors" in the relatively stable and balanced marriage market. The social problem of "leftover men" is becoming more and more serious, and it is more difficult for men of marriageable age to get married, so it is difficult to solve the single problem. This phenomenon will be more serious when the "post-90 s" enter the age of marriage and childbearing.

2. Women’s education level has improved: it is more difficult for women with high academic qualifications to find corresponding spouses.

Have you noticed that many outstanding young ladies around you are not married, and many of them are still single? Census data show that it is more difficult for highly educated women to find corresponding spouses. From 2000 to 2010, the marriage rate of men and women decreased significantly. In 2010, the marriage rate of female graduate students dropped below 50%, especially in the age group of 25-34.

With the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the gender differences among higher education groups are gradually narrowing, especially in the postgraduate stage. In 2010, the number of women in the age group of 20-29 in graduate students has surpassed that of men, in other words, women are the main new graduate students. Women with high education tend to choose spouses with the same education or higher education than themselves in order to have more common language. This concept of spouse selection has not changed much.

According to the census data, from 2005 to 2010, the proportion of men with college education and their wives with equal or higher education increased from 38.4% to 49%. For men with undergraduate education, the proportion of wives with equal or higher education level rose from 30.1% to 38.4%; The proportion of male graduate students whose wives are graduate students has increased from 17.3% to 22.6%. It can be seen that highly educated women are still willing to find a spouse whose educational level is equal to or higher than their own, while men don’t mind finding a wife whose educational level is higher than their own. Women’s mate selection criteria remain unchanged, and it is difficult to reduce the difficulty of marriage.

3. Economic income requirements are rising: these five cities have the highest income requirements for men.

The third issue of the series report on the status quo of single people in 2016 shows that with the development of material economy, women’s economic requirements for men have also risen, and over 80% of single women think that 5,000 yuan is the starting point of men’s income. Among them, 67.06% single women require men to earn 5000-10000 yuan, and 25.02% single women require men to earn more than 10,000 yuan. The five cities with the highest requirements for men’s income in China are Shenzhen (15,920 yuan), Beijing (14,900 yuan), Shanghai (12,065 yuan), Wuhan (9,134 yuan) and Guangzhou (8,975 yuan). In contrast, men’s income requirements for women are generally low, and 80% of single men say that it is acceptable for their partner’s income to be less than 5,000.

Single men and women with an average monthly disposable income of more than 8,000 yuan are called golden singles. According to the data of a dating website, Shanghai has the largest proportion of golden singles, followed by Beijing, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and Guangzhou. In the group with an average disposable income of more than 8,000 yuan per month, the number of single women is more than that of single men. In first-tier cities, there are more and more single women who are financially independent, and the requirements for choosing a spouse are getting higher and higher.

In addition, women’s age requirements for mate selection are lower than men’s: generally speaking, single men tend to find women who are younger than themselves and are less willing to find women who are older than themselves. On the contrary, women’s age requirements for the other half are not as strict as men’s, and age is not the main criterion for choosing a spouse.

Therefore, the range of mate selection for women is larger than that for men. In addition, based on economic and family considerations, women tend to find men who are much older than themselves. From the economic point of view, men who are many years older than themselves enter the society first and have a certain economic foundation. From the family point of view, older men have a calm personality, high patience and tolerance, stable marriage and family, and a lower divorce rate in the future. Therefore, it is more difficult for men of the same age to find a suitable mate.

4, the divorce rate increases, and there are more opportunities for re-selection.

After the reform and opening up, the society has undergone rapid transformation, and the concept of marriage has also changed. The concept of eternal marriage is getting weaker and weaker, and there are more and more temptations. In addition, the simplification of divorce procedures also makes divorce simple and convenient. From 1978 to 2002, the divorce rate in China rose steadily. From 2002 to 2015, the divorce rate rose rapidly, with an increase of 1.89 thousandths.

1. In 2018, the online marriage and love market reached 3.91 billion yuan.

According to the data of Analysys think tank, the overall scale of China’s marriage and love market was 8.31 billion yuan in 2015, up 1.6% year-on-year, of which the online marriage and love market was 2.7 billion yuan, up 21.1% year-on-year, with a penetration rate of 32.5%, up 5.2% compared with 2014. After more than ten years of development, the online marriage and love market has a mature business model, and its growth rate will slow down in the future. It is estimated that the online marriage and love market will reach 3.91 billion yuan in 2018, with a penetration rate of 45.3%.

2. China’s online marriage and love market: the competition pattern of four dominant oligarchs.

With the rapid development of online marriage and love market, China’s online marriage and love market has formed a monopoly oligopoly competition pattern. Judging from the income pattern of online marriage and love market in 2015, jiayuan, Youyuan.com, zhenai and Lily.com have occupied nearly 63% of the industry, with revenue accounting for 26.7%, 15.0%, 11.0% and 10.2% respectively.

3. "Post-80s" and "Post-90s" become the main customer groups.

At present, there is an imbalance between men and women in the "post-70 s", "post-80 s" and "post-90 s" population of marriageable age in China, and the older they are, the more serious the imbalance is. The sex ratio of unmarried population after 1970s is as high as 206: 100, that of unmarried population after 1980s is 136: 100, and that of unmarried population after 1990s is 110: 100. There are 23.15 million more men than women in the unmarried population born after 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.

According to the data of the Sixth Census, 11.959 million men aged 30-39 are unmarried, while 5.82 million women of the same age are unmarried. Men face a gap of 6.139 million in choosing a spouse at the same age. This situation will make 30+ men look for young women as partners, which will inevitably affect the mate selection of men in the "80" and "90" age groups and make it more difficult for them to marry.

"Post-80s" is the first generation of Internet users in China, and "Post-90s" is a native Internet user, and their familiarity with the Internet is much higher than that of previous generations. Nowadays, the "post-80s" and "post-90s" are of marriageable age, pursuing individuality and resenting traditional blind date. The Internet has become the main way for them to make friends and choose their spouses, and more and more single young people choose the Internet to make friends. As one of the main ways of "getting off the list", dating websites have great potential.

In the face of more and more self-deprecating "single dog"

Dogs just want to say:

"Are you still single?"

Source: CCTV Finance (ID:cctvyscj)　

　　Youth is like a sea of flowers in May, and youth is like the rising sun. Recently, the May 4th theme group day activities have been widely carried out in various places, inheriting the red gene, carrying forward the spirit of struggle and playing the strong voice of youth serving the country. From the countryside to the city, from the inland to the frontier, from the scientific research base to the workshop, the vast number of young people can withstand the wind and rain, the tempering and the beating, and strive to leap forward and run on the track of youth.

　　The journey is picturesque and the struggle is like a song. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized in the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress that the spirit of struggle should be promoted in the whole society. The spirit of struggle is "more ambition for sacrifice", "Qian Shan is only idle", "unite and revitalize China" and "I don’t have to be successful, but I must be successful". It is precisely because of the strong traction of the spirit of struggle that we have the development achievements of "shocking the world", the affectionate confession of "having no regrets in this life", the calm self-confidence of "looking straight at the world" and the strategic determination of "nothing can stop it". The grand goal of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation is inspiring and inspiring. We have created glorious history through United struggle, and we will also open up a bright future through United struggle.

　　The ideal sail of life should be raised by struggle. Struggle towards overcoming difficulties can temper a person’s will quality. Striving for a better life can improve a family’s happiness index. Striving for a common ideal can change the ethos of the whole society. Beautiful ideals have never been readily available, and they are inseparable from the hard work of hard work. Since ancient times, the people of China have understood that there has never been a good thing in the world, and it is necessary to struggle to be happy. Striving for the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is not only full of challenges, but also a rare opportunity in our lives. Everyone enjoys the opportunity to shine in life, the opportunity to realize their dreams and the opportunity to grow and progress with the motherland and the times. Everyone should cherish this great era and be a struggler in the new era.

　　For a long time, the spirit of struggle has been reflected in the green butterfly that turns the desert into an oasis and the barren hills into green mountains and green hills, engraved in the wonders of mountain villages such as cliff canals, cliff ladders and wall-hanging highways, displayed in the elegant demeanor of winning glory for the country, and concentrated in the minute-by-minute protection of the country, the people and the country are safe and the years are quiet &hellip; &hellip; The spirit of struggle has never been an empty slogan, but it is embodied in doing every little thing well, completing every task and fulfilling every responsibility. From the "westward migration" of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University who listened to the party’s call to study and serve the country, to the old reclamation team of Dachen Island who volunteered to start a business in a hard place, from Gan Zuchang and Gong Quanzhen, who put down their honor and returned to their hometown to become farmers, to the "Yumai sisters" who took root in the border of the motherland like Gesanghua, the deeds of several generations of strugglers have shown that everyone can create extraordinary achievements in ordinary posts by doing ordinary things well in a down-to-earth manner.

　　Looking back on the past, a philosophy is more profound: United struggle is the only way for Chinese people to create great historical achievements. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "Unity formed around a clear goal of struggle is the strongest unity, and struggle based on close unity is the most powerful struggle." The whole party should persist in taking the people’s yearning for a better life as the goal of struggle, earnestly implement the spirit of struggle throughout the whole process of carrying out great struggles, building great projects, advancing great undertakings and realizing great dreams, and form a vivid situation of competing and United struggle. Let every dream grow in the sun and every flower bloom in the wind. The best environment is a good system and mechanism. Carry forward the spirit of struggle, and at the same time, improve the system and mechanism to support the struggle, such as deepening the reform of the system and mechanism of talent development, and maximizing the feelings of serving the country, the spirit of struggle and the creativity of the vast number of talents.

　　"It’s already green in Qian Shan, so it’s advisable to take advantage of the east wind to set sail". Going to the expedition of glory and dreams, the whole party and the whole society will carry forward the spirit of struggle, and work hard, tenaciously, continuously and United to create a better China!

　　Beijing News: Domestic revolvers weighing 0.70 kg and equipped with rubber warheads will be distributed to frontline patrol police in the near future to replace the existing standard pistols. At present, the gun has been distributed to all district and county public security bureaus in Beijing and stored in gun depots, and the police have also started shooting training.

　　It is understood that the revolver magazine can hold six bullets, with small recoil and high shooting accuracy. The effective and accurate killing distance is about 50 meters, and the current standard pistol has an effective killing distance of 150 meters.

　　The main reason for changing guns this time is to avoid unnecessary fatal shots. Judging from the effect, the revolver has a strong deterrent, while the gun is slightly less powerful, so there will be no situation that "the bullet penetrates the suspect and hurts the nearby people". After the suspect was shot, he basically lost his combat effectiveness and would not be killed on the spot. Revolvers can be equipped with steel warheads and rubber warheads, and frontline patrol police will mainly use rubber warheads in their daily patrols. As long as you avoid the weak parts such as the eyes and ears of the target person, the rubber warhead will not be fatal.

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