苏州喝茶资源分享

I. Basic knowledge

1.What is geological disaster?

Geological disasters usually refer to disasters that cause people’s lives or property losses due to geological processes; Natural geological disasters are induced by rainfall, snow melting, earthquakes and other factors; Man-made geological disasters are caused by engineering excavation, stacking, blasting and soil abandonment. Common geological disasters mainly refer to six kinds of disasters related to geological action, such as mountain collapse, landslide, debris flow and ground collapse, ground fissure and ground subsidence, which endanger people’s lives and property safety.

There are four main geological disasters in Guangxi: collapse (including dangerous rocks), landslide, debris flow and ground collapse. This knowledge reader mainly introduces these four kinds of geological disasters.

2.What is the hidden danger point of geological disasters?

Hidden dangers of geological disasters include unstable slopes, potential landslides, potential collapses, potential mudslides and potential ground collapses that may endanger people’s lives and property, as well as landslides, collapses, mudslides and ground collapses that have occurred but are still unstable.

3.What is the hidden danger area of geological disasters?

The hidden danger area of geological disasters refers to the area or section where geological disasters are likely to occur and may cause casualties or property losses under the action of heavy rainfall and human engineering activities.

Second, collapse

1.What is collapse?

Collapse refers to the geological phenomenon that the rock mass or soil mass on the steep slope suddenly breaks away from the mountain under the action of gravity and collapses, rolls and accumulates at the foot of the slope or in the valley. Collapse is also called caving, collapse or collapse.

Collapse can occur in loose soil, bedrock, and where the two kinds of rocks develop together. What happens in the soil is called landslide; What happens in rock mass is called rock collapse.

When the collapse occurs in the mountain and the scale is huge, it is also called landslide; When collapse occurs on rivers, lakes or coasts, it is called bank collapse.

2.What is a dangerous rock mass?

Dangerous rock mass refers to the block stone located on the steep hillside and separated by cracks. Some of these stones are very large, and some are just a boulder on a steep slope. Dangerous rock mass may fall from steep hillside due to vibration or rainstorm; Sometimes strong winds may blow unstable boulders down. The situation of dangerous rock mass is common in limestone mountain areas of Guangxi.

3.The harm of collapse to human beings

Collapse often destroys and buries houses and engineering facilities in places where human activities take place, endangering human life and causing property losses.

4.When is it easy to collapse?
(1) In the process of rainfall or slightly delayed. This is the time when the most collapses occur;

(2) During a strong earthquake or aftershock;

(3) In the process of excavating the toe of the slope or lagging behind for a period of time;

(4) The initial stage of reservoir impoundment and the peak period of rivers;

(5) After strong mechanical vibration and big blasting.

5.Which places are prone to collapse?

Generally, the slope that may collapse has the following macroscopic characteristics:

(1) The slope is more than 45 degrees and the height difference is large, or the slope is an isolated mountain mouth or a concave steep slope.

(2) The internal cracks of the slope are developed, and the tensile cracks have developed in the upper part of the slope, and the cracks and cracks cutting the slope are about to penetrate, which makes it separate from the parent body (mountain).

(3) There is an empty space in front of the slope, or there are collapses, which indicates that there have been collapses and they may happen again in the future.

The slope with the above characteristics is the possible collapse, especially when the upper tension cracks continue to expand and widen, the speed increases suddenly, and small falls continue to occur, which indicates that the collapse will happen soon and is in a state of explosive.

The following signs may appear before the collapse:

(1) The cracks in the collapse gradually expand, and the front edge of the dangerous rock mass has the phenomenon of falling and falling, and small collapses and small collapses occur continuously;

(2) New cracks appear on the top of the slope, and an abnormal smell is smelled;

(3) I occasionally hear the sound of tearing and rubbing of rocks;

(4) Abnormal heat, radon, underground water quality, water quantity, etc.

Precursor formula of collapse

The cliff is steep and fractured, and the rockbare/show (one’s teeth)Mouth-shaped;

Small collapses often occur, and the stones with abnormal smells rattle.

When the collapse occurs, if you are outside the scope of the collapse, you must bypass it; If you are under the collapsed body, quickly escape to both sides, the sooner the better; If you feel the ground shaking, you should also immediately flee to the stable areas on both sides.

8.How to prevent collapse

Prevention of collapse:

(1) Don’t build houses, build roads and shelter from the rain under the dangerous rocks on the steep slopes that have not been treated, and don’t climb the dangerous rocks when it rains.

(2) Excavation of pillars in old mines (old kilns) is likely to cause roof collapse disaster, and the mined goaf should be backfilled and the empty mine holes should be buried.

Third, landslides

Landslide refers to the geological phenomenon that the soil or rock mass on the slope slides down the slope as a whole or dispersedly under the action of gravity under the influence of rainfall and rainwater infiltration, river erosion, groundwater activity, earthquake and artificial slope cutting, commonly known as "ground slip", "mountain walk", "mountain collapse", "mountain peeling" and "soil slip".

Landslide is one of the main natural disasters in mountainous areas, which often causes huge losses and even devastating disasters to industrial and agricultural production and people’s lives and property.

The main hazards of landslides in rural areas are destroying farmland and houses, hurting people and animals, destroying forests, roads, agricultural machinery facilities and water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and sometimes even causing devastating disasters to rural areas. Landslides located near towns often bury houses, injure people and animals, destroy fields, and destroy various facilities, resulting in power outages, water cuts, work stoppages, and sometimes even the entire town. Landslides in industrial and mining areas can destroy mine facilities, hurt workers, destroy factories, make mines stop production and often cause heavy losses.

Landslides often cause great harm in water conservancy and hydropower projects, highways, railways, river transportation and marine engineering, and often produce some secondary disasters, which indirectly harm human beings, such as blocking rivers, overflowing upstream rivers or bursting after blocking rivers into lakes, and causing floods; Sometimes, the debris flow is induced by the superposition of rainstorm or flood, which causes more serious damage.

Landslides generally go through four stages from gestation to formation: cracking, creep, sliding and stability.

The time of landslide occurrence is mainly related to various external factors that induce landslide. There are roughly the following rules:

(1) simultaneity. Some landslides move immediately after being affected by inducing factors. Landslides will occur when heavy rains and earthquakes occur and unreasonable human activities, such as excavation and blasting, etc.

(2) Hysteresis. Some landslides occur later than the inducing factors, such as rainfall, snowmelt and human activities. This hysteresis law is most obvious in rainfall-induced landslides. Generally speaking, the looser the landslide, the more developed the cracks and the greater the rainfall, the shorter the lag time. The greater the intensity of human activities and the lower the stability of landslide, the shorter the lag time.

Landslides generally occur in areas with bedding slopes, relatively broken inclined rock masses, large ups and downs of mountains and poor vegetation coverage. The mountainous and hilly areas with frequent engineering construction and rural slope cutting areas are also landslide-prone areas; Earthquakes lead to loose mountains and broken rocks in disaster areas, and landslides are also prone to occur under the action of aftershocks or heavy rains.

6.Precursor of landslide

The precursor characteristics of landslide are obvious, and there are cracks on the hillside;

The foot of the slope is loose or swollen, and there is subsidence in the middle and upper slopes;

Slope buildings are deformed, and trees are as drunk as machete forests;

Water suddenly appears in dry places, and the well water drops and rises from time to time;

There was an abnormal noise in the ground, and the livestock panicked and reacted differently.

When a landslide occurs, you should evacuate from both sides of the landslide boundary and never escape along the sliding direction. If the landslide slides fast, it’s best to hold a big tree still and not let go.

After the landslide happened, it did not stabilize immediately, and it will even continue to happen. Therefore, do not immediately enter the disaster area to search for property.

(1) Do not build roads or houses in landslide areas or areas with landslide risks. The newly selected building site should avoid rivers, lakes (reservoirs) and gullies to cut steep slopes as much as possible;

(2) Excavating soil at the foot of steep slope is easy to induce collapse and landslide;

(3) The retaining wall behind the house must leave drainage holes;

(4) The building should be built at a certain distance by cutting the slope, and the bed should not be placed on the side near the hillside. When it rains heavily at night, attention should be paid to inspecting whether the slope is abnormal, etc.

(5) Building houses on slopes are most likely to cause landslides, so geological personnel should be invited for exploration before excavation;

(6) Houses should be selected as far as possible on or under the slope of the reverse slope (reverse slope means that the slope inclination is opposite to the rock stratum inclination).

IV. Debris flow

Stimulated by water sources such as rainstorm, melting ice and snow, or dam break in reservoirs and ponds, the solid deposits in hillsides or valleys are mixed in the water, flow rapidly downstream along the hillsides or valleys, and accumulate at the foot of hillsides or at the place where they leave the mountain pass, thus forming a debris flow.

Debris flow often erupts suddenly and violently, rushing down the steep ravine. The valley is like thunder, which can carry huge stones and wash a lot of sediment stones out of the ravine in a short time, which is extremely destructive and often does great harm to human life and property.

According to the valley landform, it can be divided into valley debris flow and slope debris flow.

Gully type: it is formed along the valley, and the basin is long and narrow with large scale.

Slope type: Slope terrain, short ditch and steep slope, small scale.

Debris flow is a special torrent with sudden outbreak and short duration in mountainous areas, which contains a lot of solid substances such as sediment and stones and has strong destructive power. The total volume of solid substances generally exceeds 15%, and the highest can reach 80%. The vanguard is a thick and turbid torrent, which forms a "faucet" with a height of several meters to more than ten meters. It has a very strong scouring and carrying capacity and is extremely fast. It can discharge hundreds of thousands or even millions of cubic meters of solid substances in a very short time, and can carry hundreds of thousands of tons of boulders, with amazing destructive power. Debris flows frequently occur in many mountainous areas of China, especially in the western areas of Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, where heavy rains are bound to occur. On August 8, 2010, the catastrophic mudslide in Zhouqu, Gansu Province instantly destroyed the whole county, killing more than 1,000 people and making more people homeless.

Gully with the following three conditions is the most prone to debris flow:

(1) The mountain in the upper valley is broken, and the thickness of loose earth and stone on the hillside is large;

(2) The slopes on both sides of the gully are steep, and the height difference between the gully head and the gully mouth is large;

(3) Gullies with much rain and frequent floods in summer flood season.

The time of debris flow occurrence has the following three laws:

(1) Seasonal: The outbreak of debris flow is mainly stimulated by continuous rainfall, heavy rain, especially heavy rain and other concentrated rainfall. Therefore, the time law of debris flow is consistent with the time law of concentrated rainfall, which has obvious seasonality. Generally occurs in rainy summer and autumn.

(2) Periodicity: Debris flow is influenced by rain, flood and earthquake, but rain, flood and earthquake always appear periodically. Therefore, the occurrence and development of debris flow also has a certain periodicity, and its activity cycle is roughly consistent with that of rain, flood and earthquake.

(3) Debris flow usually occurs at the peak of a rainfall or after continuous rainfall.

(1) The normal running water in the river (ditch) bed suddenly stops flowing or the flood suddenly increases (with more firewood and trees).

(2) An abnormal roar suddenly came from the upper reaches of the river (ditch) valley. The sound is obviously different from that of locomotives, wind and rain, thunder and lightning, blasting, etc., which may be caused by the impact of boulders carried by mudslides.

(3) Have a slight sense of vibration.

Choose the shortest and safest path to run to the hillside or highland on both sides of the valley, and avoid running along the direction of debris flow; Don’t stay in the hollow with large slope and thick soil layer; Don’t climb trees to avoid, because debris flow can sweep away all obstacles along the way; Avoid concave banks with curved channels or convex banks with narrow places and low heights; Don’t hide under the steep mountain; You can’t return to the danger zone immediately after a long period of rain or heavy rain, or after the rain has just stopped; After more rain during the day, pay close attention to the rain at night, and it is best to leave early.

Prevention of debris flow:

(1) Do not build roads or houses in areas where mudslides or debris flows are dangerous. Villages and houses should be built at a safe height on both sides of the creek, not in depressions and gullies.

(2) Don’t pile a lot of soil in the ditch to prevent debris flow.

(3) Heavy rain, melting glaciers and melting snow-capped mountains are easy to cause mudslides, so preventive measures should be taken before.

(4) After the rainstorm, the debris flow will still occur, so we should wait for some time after the rain before going back.

V. Ground collapse

Ground collapse is a dynamic geological action or phenomenon that under certain conditions, the shallow rock and soil mass on the surface collapses downward and forms a pit on the ground. The ground collapse in Guangxi mainly includes karst ground collapse and goaf collapse.

The main hazards of collapse are the destruction of houses, railways, highways, mines, reservoirs, dams and other engineering facilities, resulting in house collapse, road interruption, reservoir leakage, dam and dike collapse and cracking. In addition, it also destroyed land resources, destroyed a large number of farmland, and deteriorated the environment in some cities and mining areas.

The main dynamic factors causing ground collapse are earthquake, rainfall, underground excavation, massive pumping and drainage, etc.

(1) The sudden rise and fall of the water level in Jing Quan, the sudden turbidity of water color or sand turning and steaming.

(2) Annular cracks appear on the ground and expand continuously, resulting in local ground heave or subsidence.

(1) After the collapse, the collapse pit of the adjacent building should be filled in time to avoid affecting the stability of the building.

(2) The ground cracks near the building should be filled in time, and the surface water should be intercepted in the subsidence pit of the ground to prevent it from injecting people.

(3) The severely cracked buildings should be temporarily closed, and the measures to be taken should be determined only after the dangerous houses are identified.

(4) Residents living in mined-out areas formed by mining hollowing out should pay attention to whether there are obvious signs such as deformation and cracks on the ground in front of and behind the house during flood season, and whether surface water seeps into the ground in large quantities and quickly during heavy rain. If any abnormality is found, you should immediately evacuate and notify the relevant departments. Don’t risk staying in the same place or in the living room to avoid possible collapse and casualties.

(1) Mines and karst areas are prone to collapse, so special attention should be paid to prevention when living or moving in these areas.

(2) Strong pumping in the hidden karst area is easy to cause ground collapse.

(3) In case of ground collapse cracks, it should be filled with sand and gravel in time and plastered with clay.

Sixth, the essentials of hedging and self-help

The flood season, especially the period of heavy rainfall, is a period of high incidence of geological disasters, so we should pay attention to listening to the weather forecast and improve the awareness of disaster prevention.

Report the precursors of geological disasters to the local government or relevant departments immediately.

In order to avoid danger urgently, under the guidance of professional and technical personnel and with the cooperation of relevant departments of counties, townships and villages, one or several safety sites are selected in advance as temporary places to avoid disasters. These disaster shelters are relatively safe places. When a local disaster comes, you should try your best to go to the disaster shelter on the premise of ensuring personal safety.

4.Evacuate according to the evacuation route

As far as possible, the route to leave the danger zone should avoid the slip direction of landslide, the collapse direction of collapse or the route where debris flow may pass, and cross the danger zone as little as possible. The road spread along the ridge is safer than the road spread along the valley.

5.Remember the warning signs.

Evacuation signals (such as broadcasting, beating gongs, drums, etc.) are agreed in advance, unique, and can’t be used indiscriminately, so you must remember to evacuate quickly when you hear the signal, and you can’t hesitate.

6.To publicize the knowledge of disaster prevention and control to family members and the masses.

7.Three-character scripture for avoiding danger of collapse and landslide

Before the disaster, there were anomalies; Water mutation, animal shock;

The forest is drunk and the foot of the slope is convex; Cracks appear, cracks expand;

Rock crack, rock collapse; The mountain is steep and easy to collapse;

In case of emergency, flee on both sides; Stop on a gentle slope and get away from it.

8.Three-character scripture of debris flow avoidance

Debris flow, which is harmful, not only hurts people, but also destroys homes;

Not mysterious, regular, formed in the gully;

On rainy days, listen to the forecast, observe carefully, and be on guard;

The water becomes muddy, the rocks are sandwiched, the valley is faint, and there is a slight earthquake;

Urgent report, no procrastination, timely withdrawal, listen to the arrangement;

Life first, wealth second, abandon the burden and protect life;

Stride, don’t look back, go high, stay away from the concave;

It clears up, the mud stops flowing, don’t worry, go home slowly.

9.Three-character meridian for avoiding danger from ground collapse

Seisensui, sudden rise and fall, turbid water, or turning sand;

Ground fissures, growing, locally bulging, or sinking;

Rich in mineral deposits, easy to be mined out, large collapse, and frequent this;

In karst area, there are many soil holes, so pumping is less to prevent collapse.

10.Hedging formula for building houses in mountainous areas

Pay attention to the location of building, think more about the slope ditch,

Ask an expert if the situation is unknown, and don’t make your own opinions.

Don’t choose the site for the steep slope of the concave land, and don’t build houses under the side wall of the cliff.

Don’t believe in geomantic superstition, but advocate scientific thought.

Don’t dig at the foot of the slope, cut the slope and grade it and add support.

Ponds should not be built on slopes, and muck should not be piled at gullies.

Rivers and ditches should not be changed easily, and drainage should be proper.

Infrastructure should be valued, and geological safety should not be forgotten.

Seven, how to prevent geological disasters when building houses by cutting slopes.

Guangxi is a mountainous province. For a long time, in order to protect the limited arable land, many people in mountainous areas can only build houses by cutting slopes. According to the data from Guangxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station, from 2006 to 2017, there were 215 geological disasters such as collapses and landslides caused by cutting slopes to build roads and houses in Guangxi, with 239 deaths and 176 injuries. This shows that the harm of building houses by cutting slopes is great. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of prevention scientifically and effectively avoid disasters.

In building houses in rural areas, we should earnestly take preventive measures against geological disasters. In accordance with the unified arrangement of the new rural construction plan, large-scale construction such as villages and towns must carry out geological disaster risk assessment. Even if farmers build houses individually, they should consult people with professional knowledge of geological disasters if possible to take precautions. Only in this way can we ensure the safety and reliability of our housing.

First of all, there should be a protective distance if there is space. How to calculate this safe protective distance? For example, if the slope is 10 meters high, then our safety protection distance will be greater than 10 meters, so the house built in this way will be relatively safe. But it may be difficult to do this in the vast mountainous rural areas. If it can’t be done, what should we do? Then we must take preventive measures. First, we should do a good job in retaining wall support and slope protection. The second thing is to cut the slope. The whole slope is cut below the safe slope, which is about 40 degrees, and the slope should be cut below 40 degrees. Third, we should do a good job in intercepting and draining the slope. It is necessary to do a good job of intercepting the drainage ditch with three lights, and intercept all the water flow on the hillside to the foot of the slope. Tall trees and dense bamboo forests cannot be planted on the hillside.

On June 12, 2008, Li, who lives in Liuwang Village, Licun Town, Rong County, Guangxi, would never have thought that a small collapse in the back hill would have ruined a family of five. Li once opened a motorcycle repair shop in Rongxian County. Because it rained for many days, Li never went home. After the rain cleared up, on June 11th, Li rushed home with his motorcycle to reunite with his family. Never imagined that at one o’clock in the morning on the 12th, affected by the rain a few days ago, the hillside behind the rain-filled house suddenly collapsed, causing a family of five to be buried in the mud while sleeping. After investigation by experts, it was found that the side of the house of the victim was next to a steep slope that was not too high, and the earth collapsed at the scene was not large, only less than 100 cubic meters. Why did this seemingly insignificant little collapse cause the disaster of a family of five? In fact, this accident can be completely avoided. At that time, five people slept in a bed, and when they collapsed, they just buried the bed on the side of the mountain, causing death. If you had a little awareness of geological disaster prevention at that time, you could have avoided the accident by putting the bed on the other side of the house.

When encountering cracks, falling blocks and water leakage around the house, which may lead to geological disasters, you must obey the instructions of the township government, the staff of the land department or the monitor, evacuate and avoid in time, and pay attention to check whether there are hidden dangers on the slope of the house when you return. You can’t return to the house until the hidden dangers are eliminated and the experts agree.

For example, on September 6, 2013, affected by the previous typhoons "Yute" and "Tanmei", heavy rain fell in Guiping City, Guangxi, causing geological disasters such as collapses and landslides in many places. In view of the possible danger, at 8: 30 in the morning, when the director of the National Land Institute of Mugui Town in Guiping City and the staff of the town government inspected Team 9 of Guotuntun in Pinghe Village, they found that a villager’s house was in danger due to slope cutting, and the staff immediately asked them to evacuate temporarily. However, at noon, the owner of the house returned to the house with luck when he saw nothing. As a result, it collapsed in the afternoon and the two were buried in the mud instantly.

5.Building site selection four "don’t"

Don’t build houses on landslides,

Don’t build a house in the valley,

Don’t build houses under steep slopes.

Don’t cut slopes to build houses at will.

6.Establish a joint insurance system to prevent geological disasters of building houses by cutting slopes.

All localities should investigate the situation of building houses on cut slopes or on slopes within their jurisdiction, register and establish address books for households with risks, and conduct joint defense grouping for households with hidden dangers on cut slopes or on slopes under the jurisdiction of village (neighborhood) people’s groups, designate team leaders, implement man-to-man and household-to-household marking, and similar households assume the responsibility of reminding each other and protecting each other. Once early warning notices and information such as flash floods and heavy rainfall geological disasters are received, households should notify each other and do emergency evacuation and prevention work.

The establishment of the township (town) people’s government overall responsibility, to the village (neighborhood) people’s group as a unit, the masses as the main body of geological disaster prevention joint insurance system. All tenants who have hidden dangers of geological disasters when building houses on slopes or near slopes should implement the joint guarantee system. For people who have no communication tools, widowed elderly people, left-behind children, five-guarantee households, etc., the local government should designate special personnel to provide joint insurance with them, take charge of their safety, ensure that they can get early warning notices in time, and make timely preparations for disaster prevention.

Eight, how to prevent geological disasters in flood season

Guangxi is a province (region) with frequent geological disasters, especially in the flood season, the possibility of various geological disasters is greatly enhanced. Geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide and debris flow, often wreak havoc in the flood season. Their occurrence is like a big mouth that may devour people’s precious lives and property at any time.

Therefore, when the flood season comes, we should firmly establish a high sense of responsibility, strengthen the awareness of "walking on thin ice", take the prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season as a "life project", fight the tough battle of prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season in 2020, and hand in satisfactory answers to more than 50 million villagers in Guangxi.

Strengthen the investigation and inspection of hidden dangers of geological disasters. The people’s governments of cities and counties should organize forces to carry out geological disaster inspection and investigation, and do a good job in "pre-flood inspection, mid-flood inspection and post-flood review", especially in areas prone to geological disasters such as complex geological conditions, high slope areas, mined-out areas, tailings ponds, construction sites and hillsides near villages, without leaving any dead ends.

Strengthen the revision and exercise of geological disaster emergency plan. According to the actual situation, all localities should revise the emergency plan for sudden geological disasters in a timely manner, enhance the pertinence, effectiveness and operability of the plan, and ensure that the emergency response work is carried out quickly, orderly and efficiently when disasters occur. The main hidden danger points of geological disasters should be "one point one case". Local people’s governments in areas prone to geological disasters should organize pre-plan drills, find weak links, and improve and optimize pre-plans.

Strengthen the early warning and forecasting of geological disasters. Meteorological, water conservancy and natural resources departments at all levels should strengthen coordination and cooperation, make full use of their respective monitoring networks, closely monitor the development trend of meteorological, hydrological and geological disasters, establish information sharing and consultation mechanisms, make scientific and accurate analysis and judgment in time, and release geological disaster early warning and forecasting information through radio, television, newspapers, internet, telephone, mobile phone short messages and other channels.

Further improve the system of group monitoring and prevention of geological disasters. All localities should conscientiously implement the system of danger inspection, disaster quick report and duty in flood season, and comprehensively decompose the tasks of disaster prevention and avoidance, monitoring and early warning to towns, villages, schools, hospitals, enterprises and other units and relevant responsible personnel.

Strengthen duty and information reporting. City, county (city) people’s governments and competent departments should strengthen emergency duty, geological disaster emergency response agencies should implement a 24-hour duty and leadership shift system in accordance with the relevant provisions, and implement a main and deputy shift system for important positions. The person in charge of disaster prevention and emergency response personnel must keep their mobile phones on for 24 hours. Municipal geological disaster emergency teams should maintain a high degree of readiness and stand by at any time. It is necessary to make arrangements for the rotation of emergency personnel, ensure necessary transportation, emergency tools and emergency personnel, and ensure sufficient emergency forces to deal with sudden geological disasters at any time.

Strengthen the propaganda of geological disaster prevention knowledge. All localities should carry out targeted publicity in combination with local actual conditions and examples of ground disasters, especially to strengthen publicity for urban residents in mines and mountainous areas, cadres and masses in rural areas and primary and secondary school students, so that they can master the basic knowledge of preventing ground disasters.

Fully implement the responsibility for prevention and control of geological disasters. All localities and departments should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters, and the natural resources departments should organize the implementation of various measures for the prevention and control of geological disasters, coordinate, guide and supervise all relevant responsible entities to do a good job in the prevention and control of geological disasters, and relevant departments such as construction, transportation, railway, water conservancy, meteorology, tourism and education should perform their respective duties according to law. All construction units shall design, construct and accept the ground disaster control project at the same time as the design and construction of the main project according to law, and take relevant measures in the construction process to avoid ground disasters.

Black and red are also red! Two things happened recently, which made the car "red".

This car company with bleak sales volume is caught in a rumor that "employees are fired for buying Xiaomi cars". The incident became more and more serious, and everyone sneered at its practice. Extreme Yue Automobile issued a statement saying that employees were not fired for buying a certain car, but engaged in behaviors unrelated to company affairs during working hours, which were obviously contrary to their job responsibilities and professional ethics.

Another thing happened in the live broadcast a few days ago.

In recent years, Robin Li, CEO of Baidu, who rarely appeared in public, came to build momentum for the live broadcast of the ultra-Vietnamese car. However, in the warm-up session of the live broadcast, when Xia Yiping demonstrated the voice driving door, he repeatedly called SIMO voice assistant, but there was no response.

It was Xia Yiping who made a fool of himself, and even more embarrassing was Li Yanhong &hellip who came to the platform specially for him; …

This time, Li Yanhong personally came forward to broadcast live as his platform, hoping to attract a wave of brand attention. He also announced that the loss of money and welfare, the ultra-01 high-level intelligent driving time limit is free for life. But in the highly competitive new energy vehicle market, can Extreme Yue still turn over?

A "poor student" born with a golden key

Extreme Yue 01 was officially released in October 2023, and it is also the first mass production product of Extreme Yue Automobile. Extreme Yue 01 locates medium and large SUV, with two models, namely Extreme Yue 01 Max and Extreme Yue 01 Max Performance, and the price is 249,900-339,900 yuan.

It can be said that the car was born with a golden key.

In manufacturing, there is a lucky blessing. For example, Extreme Yue 01 is based on the vast architecture of Geely SEA, which is the same as Geely’s high-end new energy brand Extreme Krypton; This product is produced in Geely Hangzhou Bay Smart Factory, which claims to be a benchmark factory that fully introduces intelligent and digital technology. In terms of intelligent technology, Extreme Yue 01 also has the empowerment of Baidu. For example, in the intelligent cockpit, it is claimed that the localization of voice AI algorithm can be realized, and SIMO car voice assistant can cover scenes such as inside and outside the car, four-way simultaneous speaking and continuous dialogue.

However, what is embarrassing is that the sales volume of the ultra-car is really bleak compared with the aura of resource blessing of the two star shareholders.

According to the official, after 24 hours of listing, the order volume of Extreme Yue 01 reached 15,000, but the actual sales volume did not meet expectations. According to the data of the Federation, in December 2023 and January 2024, Extreme Yue 01 achieved sales of 774 vehicles and 218 vehicles respectively.

Although the official of Extreme Vietnam has not announced the specific sales volume, its recent internal trends have confirmed the poor sales volume.

Recently, according to media reports, Extreme Yue Automobile is reforming its marketing end and sales end. Yang Zhen, the head of UD- user development department at the marketing end, and several directors and other executive layers have "dismissed classes". At present, CEO Xia Yiping is personally in charge of the department. The head of the UO- user operation department at the sales end was also changed from Luo Gangdai, the former head of operation, to Andy.Gao from Tesla. Since the end of March, there has been intensive personnel flow in UD and UO.

On the recent Extreme Yue AI DAY, Xia Yiping also admitted that the poor sales of Extreme Yue 01 made some mistakes, and Extreme Yue was undergoing organizational changes and adjustment of sales methods.

Can Li Yanhong Drive Sales?

Zhang Xiaorong, president of the Institute of Deep Science and Technology, told Sina Technology that the reason why the sales volume of the ultra-Vietnamese car can’t get up is the brand awareness. As a new brand, the popularity of ultra-yue automobile is low in the market, and consumers lack understanding and cognition about it, which has a certain impact on its sales.

In fact, the brand of Extreme Yue Automobile has undergone a great renaming, which is an important reason for its low brand awareness.

In January 2021, Baidu and Geely jointly established a car-making project, originally named Jidu Automobile, which was also the predecessor of Jiyue Automobile. For a long time, the project was promoted by the brand of Jidu Automobile. For example, the first brand launch conference was held in June 2022, and its first car robot concept car ROBO-01； was officially released. In October 2022, the first limited edition of ROBO-01 lunar exploration robot was released, with a price of 399,800 yuan.

However, just as its first product was facing production delivery, it encountered the problem of production qualification. During the 2023 Shanghai Auto Show, it was reported that Jidu was unable to participate in the Shanghai Auto Show due to lack of car-making qualification. At that time, Jiji responded that the news was completely untrue. Jiji strictly abided by the relevant rules and regulations of the industry from the beginning of its establishment, and the related work of applying for qualifications was progressing in an orderly manner.

Finally, in August, 2023, the first model of the original Jidu automobile "Jidu ROBO-01" was renamed as "Jiyue 01" and entered the latest batch of automobile new products public announcement of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, which means that Yue01 has obtained the qualification for marketing. Although the qualification problem has been solved, the ultra-yue automobile has also replaced the original Jidu automobile to the front desk, which has made the joint car brand, whose popularity has not yet been opened, worse.

In addition, Zhang Xiaorong believes that despite the resources of Baidu and Geely, its marketing strategy may not be accurate enough to effectively attract enough consumers. At present, the domestic automobile market is becoming increasingly fierce, and many traditional automobile enterprises and emerging new forces are actively laying out the intelligent automobile market, which is facing greater competitive pressure.

Xia Yiping may also be aware of this problem. On April 15th, he invited Li Yanhong, founder, chairman and CEO of Baidu, to broadcast live in the same box, hoping to attract a wave of traffic for the car company CEO.

Intelligent "far ahead"

In the live broadcast, Xia Yiping also talked about the recent hot Xiaomi SU7. He said that the first model is different, the Extreme Yue 01 is an SUV, and the Xiaomi SU7 is a sports car; The target audience is also different. Xiaomi SU7 pays more attention to enthusiasts who like to control. In addition, he also said that there will be more room for the ultra-01, and it is also far ahead in the industry in terms of intelligence, such as voice and intelligent driving.

However, is the intelligence of Extreme Yue really far ahead as Xia Yiping said?

Before Li Yanhong entered the live broadcast room, Xia Yiping had a conversation with the modified car master Liu Liu. But what is embarrassing is that when Xia Yiping demonstrated the voice driving door, he repeatedly called SIMO voice assistant but didn’t respond. Xia Yiping said it might be the key in the car. Previously, Extreme Vietnam announced that Extreme Vietnam 01 supports voice interaction outside the car, and can also control doors and windows by voice outside the car. The live broadcast of the rollover undoubtedly made the outside world once again put a question mark on its product strength.

In addition, when new energy vehicles are involuted, intelligence has almost become a standard, and it is extremely difficult to say that it can be differentiated by intelligent labels.

For example, Tucki has always focused on the smart driving label. He Xiaopeng, chairman and CEO of Xpeng Motors, recently announced that Xpeng Motors will soon launch 100,000-150,000 A-class cars, and at the same time, it will drive high-grade smart cars in Tucki, and even bring unmanned driving in the future; For example, Huawei, its smart car brands, such as the world, the intellectual world, etc., HarmonyOS cockpit and smart driving have become the main labels; Another example is Xiaomi, which also emphasizes intelligence. Not only does the OS get on the bus, but Lei Jun also released the goal of entering the first camp of the smart driving industry this year.

In terms of intelligence, compared with these brands, it is difficult to say that the ultra-yue automobile has great advantages in terms of technical level and user awareness.

Under the fierce competition, the ultra-Vietnamese car had to worry.

In November 2023, that is, the Extreme Yue 01 just went on the market for more than a month, the Extreme Yue Automobile announced that the price of its first model, the Extreme Yue 01, was lowered by 30,000 yuan; In the live broadcast on April 15th, Li Yanhong and Xia Yiping jointly announced the launch of a new preferential car purchase policy — — Advanced intelligent driving is free for life in a limited time.

Xia Yiping said in the live broadcast that the more you buy, the more you send the driver; Li Yanhong emphasized that it was free for a limited time and joked: "Don’t lose too much money for me."

Li Yanhong personally stood on the platform. If the sales volume doesn’t go up any more, the situation facing the ultra-Vietnamese car will undoubtedly be even more embarrassing.

Article source: Sina Technology

　

It is no exaggeration to say that Ne Zha’s "Nezha" can be directly listed among the top ten classic animated films in Hollywood, just like "The Lion King".

As of August 4th, Ne Zha hereinafter referred to as "Nezha" had a box office of over 2.3 billion yuan, with a box office of over 2 billion yuan within ten days of its release, which broke through all previous box office achievements of domestic animation and became the box office strength of the summer file. According to douban’s high score of 8.6, Ne Zha’s Nezha is expected to break 3 billion box office in the future.

Like Dying to Survive, the box office champion of last summer, Ne Zha (hereinafter referred to as "Nezha") also broke through by word of mouth, and the box office soared.

Before "Nezha" was officially released, people saw the fire before it was reflected. After watching the screening, the friends came to Amway in their circle of friends. The film was highly discussed in Weibo and WeChat, and rushed to the hot search list in Weibo many times. The scores of Douban, Cat’s Eye and Taobao Film were also surprisingly consistent, reaching the high score evaluation standard.

Point screening is like a fire for such a high-quality film as Nezha, which has blown the red wind ahead of time. Just watching the preview, many viewers will think that the image of Nezha is too ugly. The image of Nezha with dark circles, smoky makeup, big round face and sharp teeth is different from the audience’s expectation. However, after watching the film, many viewers automatically turned into tap water and went crazy about Amway.

On August 4, when the box office of the film exceeded 2 billion, many netizens said that they had already brushed 3 or 4 movies.

This is indeed a successful and perfect domestic animation, and after The Return of the Great Sage, everyone is really looking forward to the next domestic animation, and Nezha makes up for this gap.

In the case that the overall market of summer movies is sluggish, the 2 billion Nezha shows everyone the market hope of good movies. Of course, it can become the summer box office champion, and "Nezha" is not by luck.

Absorb the essence of traditional stories and boldly carry out modern creation

The story and characters of "Nezha" are taken from the list of gods, basiCally relying on the story of Nezha in the list of gods, and the characters are also taken from the traditional fairy tale list of gods. Only in a few important nodes, the story is boldly modernized, which makes the story have the charm of China traditional culture and the transmission of modern spirit, and thus a sense of resonance appears, and the audience will voluntarily punch in and call for domestic animation.

The audience are basically familiar with the fairy tales around "What makes the sea". If there is no creative adaptation, I believe the box office will not sell so well. "Nezha" modernized the relationship between Nezha and Ao Bing, Nezha and his father Li Jing, and Nezha and his mother in the original traditional fairy tales, which was more in line with the emotional expectations of modern audiences, and at the same time achieved more humane and humanistic effects.

The lines in the film not only have traditional China cultural language habits, but also have modern network language, which can be described as a perfect fusion of tradition and modernity.

The phrase "My life is up to me" is enough to distinguish Nezha from other domestic animated films. In the original fairy tale, Nezha’s fate was controlled by the outside world, and in the end, he returned the meat to his mother and the bones to his father, which was very sad. Of course, Nezha’s tragedy is influenced by the abnormal father-son relationship. In the film, Nezha is given the courage and ability to overcome his fate, and the sadness of fairy tales is resolved.

Excavate, Qian Furen and Nezha, the warm affection among them, bear all the tears in the film.

Think about the people in Douban, Zhihu and Tianya who complain that "parents are evil", "love rat", "pastoral feminism" and "widowed parenting". Will they feel better when they see such a family of three? It turns out that there are still healthy parent-child relationships and husband-wife relationships in the world.

Smooth and mature narrative skills, full and powerful emotions.

The story of "Nezha" is not slow, on the contrary, there are burdens and foreshadowing everywhere, and finally it can come back naturally and become a story of relaxation. Different from literary films and suspense films, Nezha, as a commercial film, does not play with too many narrative skills, but honestly tells the story of Nezha’s reincarnation. From Taiyi’s real person getting the magic pill and the spirit bead to the magic pill and the spirit bead working together to break through the disaster, a circle was drawn from the starting point to the end point. This mature and smooth technique is worth learning from China commercial films.

Every character in the film is portrayed in a very three-dimensional way, and there are rich resources to discuss when it is taken out alone. The affection, friendship and mentoring around Nezha can make people moved. Mother Qian Furen does not dislike Nezha, who is reincarnated by Magic Pill, and is willing to kneel down to accompany Nezha; Father excavate is willing to die for the rest of Nezha’s life; Master Taiyi would rather spend hundreds of years practicing and save Nezha’s soul. The intersection of life and death between Nezha and Ao Bing is touching.

Appropriate special effects, neither rough nor grandiose.

Domestic animated films are criticized as special effects. The Return of the Great Sage shows the audience the hope that domestic animation can catch up with Hollywood animated films in special effects, and Nezha once again reassures the audience. Today, with the proliferation of special effects, if there is no special blessing for the adaptation of fairy tales, it is basically like a peacock not opening its screen and not watching enough.

To be honest, the special effects of Nezha are not Hollywood level, and director jiaozi also said that there is a big gap between them. But as far as the development level of domestic animated films is concerned, the special effects of the films are very eye-catching. The Buddha refined magic pills and spirit beads, Taiyi real people used Gankun circle, Nezha transformed, Aobing poured ice lotus into Chentang, and Nezha fought Aobing … Many shots reached the level of both burning and beauty.

It is said that "Nezha" finally wrote 66 drafts. After two years of script running-in, three years of production, 1,600 producers and more than 20 special effects teams completed it together. This production process is enough to show the serious attitude of the creative team.

The explosion of "Nezha" will definitely arouse the audience’s attention to this series of stories, so they are looking forward to the sequel of the film. If it can really be made into a Marvel superhero universe, that’s not bad. There are also Jiang Ziya, Yang Jian, Lei Zhenzi, da ji, etc. Each character can be picked out to form a film. When there is enough bedding, they can be gathered together to become The Ultimate Battle of the Gods List.

　　Figure ①: Tourists are doing crossword puzzles in the tourist area of Shuidonggou site in Ningxia.

　　Our reporter Yan Limin photo

　　Figure 2: Beijing citizen Zhou Yanbin and his wife are delivering food in the new kitchen.

　　Our reporter He Yongshe

　　Fig. 3: A parent takes his child to visit Ocean Paradise in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Keshe

　　Cartography: Zhang Fangman

　　On the second day of the first month, the "Village Evening" was held in Tunbing Village, Pingyang Town, Xingbin District, Laibin City, Guangxi, which was initiated by entrepreneurs working in other places and attracted hundreds of villagers to watch. The picture shows Zhuang villagers performing on stage.

　　Our reporter Liu Huaxin photo

　　Residents of Paizilou in Beijing:

　　"Cooking in your own kitchen is comfortable."

　　Our reporter He Yong

　　In Houguaibang Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, an old "Paizilou" has taken on a new look after three months’ renovation, with Spring Festival couplets, blessings and window grilles on the doors of every household, which is a jubilant scene.

　　Zhou Yanbin, 68, is busy in the kitchen wearing an apron. The reporter saw that in a space of about 6 square meters, there are all kinds of cooking stoves, range hoods and lockers, and all kinds of ingredients are on the table, just waiting for the pot. "Cooking in your own kitchen is comfortable!" Zhou Yanbin said happily.

　　"Last year, you see, this building is not like this at all. It is not easy to really belong to your own kitchen! " Zhou Yanbin’s wife, Zhao Xijin, told reporters, "This is an old building built in the 1950s. It originally belonged to the office of the unit. Later, the unit distributed the rooms on the third and fourth floors of the building to employees as dormitories. Each floor has a public bathroom and kitchen, and all residents in the floor share a water meter."

　　For decades, residents have "enclosed" public toilets and kitchens for their own convenience. The building is full of small compartments separated by residents’ private construction, and the lock on it becomes a private kitchen. Opaque glass blocks are used in public toilets, and a water heater becomes a private bathroom. Sewers are often blocked, and private wires are pulled on the roof of the corridor, which poses a serious safety hazard.

　　Zhou Yanbin introduced that last year, Chaoxi community joined forces with tap water, power supply and other units to transform the problems of water use and circuit aging in the building. The biggest change is that every household has its own kitchen and bathroom, and the community has re-divided the original public space of about 50 square meters on the floor, with each household being about 7 square meters.

　　"Does the cost of renovation need to be borne by residents?" The reporter asked questions. Zhou Yanbin said excitedly, "This renovation not only confiscated a penny from us, but also lasted for three months. During this time, we also paid rent subsidies!"

　　Humar Khan, Qitai County, Xinjiang:

　　"The road is repaired and the county seat is nearby."

　　Our reporter altak.

　　"It didn’t take you long to come here, did it? This road has changed a lot! " During the Spring Festival holiday, the reporter visited relatives in Kuangou Village, Qitai County, Xinjiang, and chatted with relatives. When it comes to the road from the county seat to the village, Uncle Humar Khan’s tone is full of excitement. "In the past, it took us three or four hours to get back to the village from the county!" He said that although Kuangou Village is only 50 kilometers away from the county seat, the road conditions are complicated, and it is impossible to pass through a river when there is a flood. There is also a dangerous mountain road, which is narrow and bumpy and can only pass in one direction.

　　Now, the dirt roads have become asphalt roads, the bridges across the river have been strengthened, the rugged mountain roads have been widened, and protective fences have been installed on the roadside. "Now into the county seat, it will arrive in less than an hour. What do you mean?" He smiled and said, "The road is repaired, and the county seat is nearby!"

　　"Why don’t you say, we don’t take the bus now?" My second aunt also joined us in the conversation. In the past, villagers could only travel by a bus. They got up before dawn to wait in line for the bus. If they missed it, they had to wait for the next day.

　　Nowadays, the number of buses entering the village has increased to three times a day, but some villagers have stopped taking buses. There are all kinds of cars in the village. If you want to go to town, you can take a lift and leave.

　　"The road has been repaired, and the days are booming. What a change!" The second uncle said excitedly.

　　Changyin, Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province:

　　"The most important thing is to do things in a down-to-earth manner"

　　Our reporter Gong Xiangjuan

　　Going home for the New Year, the reunion of middle school classmates is a must. The enthusiastic convener of this year’s gathering of graduates from Yanjia Middle School in Pizhou, Jiangsu Province is still the old monitor Wang Lu, who started his own company to produce asphalt mixture after he retired from the army.

　　Talking about business, Wang Lu looked relaxed. "Last year was better than the year before!" Wang Lu said that now that the policy is strictly controlled, enterprises that meet the environmental protection standards will not suffer losses. His company is now in place with environmental protection measures, and its business scale will double in 2017!

　　While speaking, the thinnest classmate sitting opposite often interjected, "It’s all done in this way. When I graduated from college and just went to work in a decoration company, I was completely blind. Later, I was not only able to design independently, but also undertook the later construction. Now, the business grows every year! "

　　"Tell me about your unique skills?" The students booed and asked. "There is no trick, the main reason is that I am more practical," Chang Yin said seriously. "New customers are introduced by old customers and passed on from mouth to mouth. Let’s young people, just starting, it is most important to do things in a down-to-earth manner! "

　　The sound of blessing and clinking glasses are intertwined, and everyone’s eyes are shining with happiness.

CCTV News:Foreign trade is one of the "Troika" driving China’s economy. However, due to the complicated international situation, COVID-19 epidemic and other unexpected factors, China’s foreign trade is facing severe challenges. In the face of risk challenges, the CPC Central Committee actively deployed and calmly responded, and made "stabilizing foreign trade" a major focus of the "six stability" work. Relevant departments have also successively issued a series of policies and measures to further promote high-level opening up, support the growth of foreign trade and optimize the business environment. With the effective implementation of relevant measures, the effect of China’s foreign trade in resisting multiple pressures and increasing quality has gradually emerged. Today’s "Running in the Spring Festival" series focuses on China’s foreign trade. We focus on the following questions. What achievements has China made in foreign trade under the influence of multiple unexpected factors? How does foreign trade promote China’s economic recovery? How will China’s foreign trade continue to break through the trend in 2023?

Withstand the risk test, China’s foreign trade scale has reached a new high.

Let’s look at the first question first. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce said on the 2nd that in 2022, China’s foreign trade stood all kinds of risk tests, and the scale reached a record high, with the import and export of goods reaching 42.1 trillion yuan, maintaining the status of the world’s first trader of goods for six consecutive years.

From the perspective of foreign trade, the scale of foreign trade reached a record high in 2022, and the import and export of goods exceeded 40 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.7%. The trade structure has also been continuously optimized, and the import and export of private enterprises has increased by 12.9%, accounting for more than 50%. Trade in services grew steadily, with the import and export of services reaching 5.98 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.9%.

In 2022, China’s foreign trade successfully achieved "stability and quality improvement""target

According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2022, China’s foreign trade has withstood various risk tests and successfully achieved the goal of "maintaining stability and improving quality". Generally speaking, in 2022, China foreign trade station reached a new height, released new kinetic energy and made new contributions.

A new height, in 2022, the import and export scale of China reached a new record high, reaching 42 trillion yuan, breaking through the 40 trillion yuan mark. In dollar terms, it reached $6.3 trillion, which is a new breakthrough above the ultra-high base in 2021. China has maintained its position as the largest country in goods trade for six consecutive years.

New kinetic energy. In 2022, electric vehicles, photovoltaic products and lithium batteries will become new growth points for China’s high-tech, high-added products and lead the green transformation. In 2022, the export of electric vehicles increased by 131.8%, photovoltaic products increased by 67.8%, and lithium batteries increased by 86.7%. At the same time, new foreign trade formats such as cross-border e-commerce and market procurement trade are also booming, with the import and export scale exceeding 3 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 7% of foreign trade.

New contribution: From the domestic perspective, the contribution rate of net exports of goods and services to GDP growth reached 17.1% in 2022, driving GDP growth by 0.5 percentage points. Internationally, under the background of the turbulent global economic and trade environment, China has taken effective measures to stabilize production and export, ensuring the smooth operation of the global industrial chain supply chain.

Promote trade facilitation and take various measures to expand the cross-border use of RMB

Enterprises actively "go out to sea" to grab orders, promote economic stability and foreign trade, and the government and relevant departments also "take the initiative". A few days ago, the Ministry of Commerce and the People’s Bank of China issued a circular to further support foreign trade enterprises to expand the cross-border use of RMB and promote trade and investment facilitation.

The circular calls for facilitating the settlement of all kinds of cross-border trade and investment in RMB, and promoting banks to provide more convenient and efficient settlement services. Encourage banks to carry out overseas RMB loans to better meet the cross-border RMB investment and financing needs of enterprises. Facilitate cross-border RMB settlement of goods trade, service trade and various new trade formats, support RMB pricing settlement of bulk commodities, and support foreign investors to invest in China and reinvest in China. Efforts will be made to increase support for small and medium-sized enterprises, facilitate their use of RMB for settlement in cross-border trade and investment, avoid exchange rate risks and reduce exchange costs.

Xuan Changneng, Vice Governor of China People’s Bank:At present, nearly half of the cross-border transactions carried out by various entities in China have been settled in RMB. In the next step, the People’s Bank of China will further consolidate the institutional foundation of cross-border RMB business, improve the infrastructure construction of cross-border RMB use, and create a more friendly policy environment for domestic and foreign entities to hold and use RMB.

Liao Lin, President of China Industrial and Commercial Bank:We have set up a special financing support plan for cross-border RMB business of 450 billion yuan, focusing on supporting advanced manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, specialization and innovation, modern agriculture, green, infrastructure, Pratt & Whitney, foreign trade and foreign investment, and accurately matching preferential interest rates to fully meet the needs of market participants for cross-border investment and financing.

Vice Minister of Commerce Guo Tingting:We will continue to implement policies based on solving the "urgent difficulties and worries" of enterprises, help more enterprises to carry out cross-border RMB business, promote trade and investment facilitation, and improve the quality and level of trade and investment cooperation.

Coronavirus particle structure

　　Life is not easy, but health is the most expensive. A recent hot topic — — Novel Coronavirus, disturbing the biosphere. Today, I’ll pick up bats, civets and camels … … And novel coronavirus’s "Love and Kill".

　　Two "Black History" of Coronavirus

　　Coronavirus is a kind of pathogen that mainly causes respiratory and intestinal diseases. Laboratory experts have studied the morphology of viruses, and electron microscope observation shows that these viruses have spinous processes like corona on their envelopes, which looks like a crown, so it is proposed to name these viruses coronavirus.

　　Coronavirus was first isolated from chickens in 1937. There are two genera of human coronavirus (HCoV): α Coronavirus and β Coronavirus. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) belong to β Coronavirus.

　　In 1965, Tyrrell et al. isolated a virus named B814 from nasal lavage fluid of common cold patients by human embryo trachea culture. Hamer et al. isolated a similar virus from human embryonic kidney cells, and the representative strain was named 229E virus. In 1967, Mclntosh et al. isolated a batch of viruses from cold patients by embryonic trachea culture, and its representative strain was OC43 strain.

　　We are no strangers to SARS and MERS. SARS spreads quickly, its condition is dangerous and its mortality rate is high. Since the outbreak in 2002, in a short period of two years, it has infected 30 countries in five continents, with more than 8,000 people infected and 774 people killed, with a fatality rate close to 10%.

　　In 2012, the first human case of MERS-CoV infection occurred in Saudi Arabia. The virus is a novel coronavirus with high mortality, and it can also cause severe acute respiratory infection. The source of the virus is not completely clear at present. However, according to the genome analysis of different viruses, it is believed that MERS-CoV may come from bats and spread to camels, and camels may be the main storage hosts and animal sources of human infection. However, MERS-CoV has been popular in camels for decades, and it was not until 2012 that it first infected humans. The reason is still unclear.

　　Coronavirus and its natural reservoir

Chinese chrysanthemum-headed bat

　　Coronavirus exists widely in nature, and its natural hosts include human, cattle, pigs, birds, dogs, cats, rats and bats. As the second largest mammal in the world after rodents, bats are distributed in all parts of the world except the poles, and their habitats are diverse. As a member of the biosphere, bats play an important role in maintaining ecological balance. At the same time, it is also an important virus host, carrying more than 130 kinds of viruses, including Ebola virus, Nipah virus and other virulent pathogens.

　　When it comes to SARS, people will think of civets. In fact, civet cats are just "intermediaries" rather than the source of the virus. According to the data, in 2003, a research group of Hong Kong University detected SARS-CoV in civet cats and raccoons in Shenzhen animal market, Guangdong province, and the civet coronavirus was nearly 100% homologous to the coronavirus that caused SARS in humans. In the subsequent investigation, it was found that the positive rate of civet cats in the live poultry market was very high, but the civet cats in the farm were almost not positive for SARS-CoV, which indicated that the civet cats were infected with SARS-CoV only on the way to the market or in the market, but the farm was not infected. Animal experiments have proved that SARS-CoV is pathogenic to civet cats, which also supports that civet cats are not the natural hosts of SARS-CoV. Therefore, civet cats are only susceptible animals to SARS virus.

　　For a new animal-derived virus, we must find its source, so what is its source? Shi Zhengli, a researcher from Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, led the team to confirm that bats are the natural hosts of SARS-like coronavirus, and through genetic information analysis and functional testing of the virus, it was further confirmed that bats in China are the natural hosts of SARS-like virus, which provided important evidence for the animal traceability of SARS-like coronavirus. Therefore, researchers believe that bats may be the natural hosts of SARS coronavirus, and civet cats are only intermediate hosts, but the current research has not revealed the relationship between civet cats and bat infection.

　　Disinfection may not be "everyone is good at it"

　　Boil a pot, rinse with water, spray enough disinfectant and wear N95 protective mask … … Is there a scientific basis for the disinfection and anti-virus methods commonly used by ordinary people? Coronavirus is sensitive to heat. Experiments show that SARS-CoV can be inactivated by heating at 56℃ for 90 minutes or 75℃ for 30 minutes.

　　In addition, the virus is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and commonly used chemical disinfectants, such as 75% alcohol, iodophor, compound quaternary ammonium salt, chlorine-containing disinfectant, phenol disinfectant, aldehyde disinfectant, peroxide disinfectant, etc., which can inactivate the virus in a short time at the specified concentration. The virus is not resistant to acid and alkali, and is also sensitive to organic solvents such as ether and chloroform.

　　Coronavirus usually causes people’s common cold, and can cause lower respiratory symptoms in adults and infants. The main clinical manifestations are fever, cough and runny nose. In severe cases, it shows acute respiratory symptoms such as laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia, and there are also reports that lead to gastrointestinal and nervous system symptoms. In addition, it can also cause severe acute respiratory infection in special populations such as the elderly, children and people with immunodeficiency.

　　Previous research data show that patients infected with coronavirus are the main source of infection. The management of infected patients should be early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment. At present, there is no specific vaccine or drug prevention method for coronavirus, and there is no approved antiviral drug for coronavirus. Patients are still mainly treated with symptomatic support.

　　(Popular science materials are provided by China People’s Liberation Army Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

Here at Autohome Qianxinan Promotion Channel, we have exciting news for you – this popular model is on an unprecedented promotion. Now is the time to seize the opportunity, with the highest discount rate reaching an amazing 28,000, and the lowest starting price is already as low as 188,600. This undoubtedly provides car buyers with an excellent cost-effective option. To learn more about specific offers, or to lock in your exclusive car price, don’t forget to click the "Check Car Price" button in the quote form to make the offer at your fingertips!

The exterior design of the eπ 008 is fashionable and full of technology. Its front face adopts a streamlined design and is equipped with a unique air intake grille. The details of the grille are exquisite and recognizable. The overall style is both powerful and dynamic, showing the aesthetic concept of future cars. The body lines are smooth and exude a strong sporty atmosphere, highlighting the leading position of the eπ 008 in the field of new energy vehicles.

eπ008以其精湛的工艺和优雅的线条，勾勒出流畅的车身侧面。车身尺寸为5002mm*1972mm*1732mm，轴距长达3025mm，为乘客提供了宽敞的内部空间。前轮距和后轮距均保持在1650mm，保证了良好的行驶稳定性。轮胎规格方面，eπ008采用了前后一致的265/45 R21轮胎，搭配精致的轮圈设计，不仅提升了行驶性能，也增添了时尚动感的视觉效果。

内饰方面，eπ008展现出简约与科技并存的设计理念。方向盘采用质感优良的皮质材料，提供舒适握感的同时，支持手动上下和前后调节，以满足不同驾驶者的个性化需求。中控台上是一块15.6英寸的超大触控屏幕，清晰易用，集成多媒体系统、导航、电话和空调控制功能，彰显了车辆的智能化程度。座椅采用仿皮材质，主副驾驶座均具备前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节以及腰部支撑功能，提供舒适的乘坐体验。此外，前排座椅还配置了加热和通风功能，以及电动座椅记忆功能，细节之处尽显人性化。后排座椅支持前后调节、靠背调节和腿托调节，空间利用灵活，而比例放倒功能则提升了实用性。整体内饰设计旨在提供一个既美观又实用的驾驶环境。

车系eπ008搭载了一台1.5T涡轮增压发动机，可输出147马力的强劲动力，最大扭矩达到了210牛·米。配合电动车单速变速箱，这款发动机为车辆提供了高效且灵敏的驱动性能。

总结起来，汽车之家车主对eπ008的外观评价极高，他特别提到向阳金和紫色的车身颜色深深吸引了他的目光，两款颜色都展现出车辆的独特魅力。他的惊艳体验无疑为那些追求个性化和审美认同的购车者提供了有力参考。无论是在设计还是颜色选择上，eπ008显然已经赢得了这位车主的认可，为潜在买家提供了出色的购车依据。

　　[Global Times correspondent in Russia Sui Xin Global Times correspondent in Germany Aoki Liu Yupeng] Faced with the economic sanctions imposed by "unfriendly countries" step by step, Russia recently launched a series of "combination boxing" to settle natural gas with rubles, limit domestic capital outflow, and anchor rubles with gold. While further stabilizing the domestic financial market and the trend of rubles, it also opened the prelude to the economic counterattack against the United States and the West.

　　Impact on the dollar financial system

　　The Kremlin Information Office said on March 28 that Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed the government, the central bank and Gazprom to take measures before March 31 to change natural gas transactions with "unfriendly countries" into rubles. "Western countries have declared an economic war by freezing Russian assets, so Russia believes that it is no longer necessary to accept dollars or euros to pay for Russian exports." Reuters said on the 28th that Putin stressed that Russia would refuse to use all currencies with "damaged reputation" in natural gas settlement, and the Russian government and central bank should study the corresponding mechanism within one week to enable foreign buyers to buy rubles in the Russian domestic market.

　　Russia’s "Viewpoint" reported on the 28th that this new settlement method outside the US dollar and the euro indicates that the global pattern is changing. Vasily Koltashov, a Russian economist, believes that the Russian ruble has been depreciating every day recently under western sanctions. After Russia announced the sale of natural gas according to the new rules, the ruble quickly strengthened due to market sentiment. "When we talk about the ruble trade, it will not only involve natural gas, but also oil and metal raw materials. After a period of time, some goods sold in western exchanges will also be sold in rubles. In the future, Eurasia may form a new unified market, and the ruble, RMB, Indian Rupee and Iranian rial will play an important role. "

　　According to the BBC, 40% of the EU’s natural gas, 27% of its oil and 46% of its coal are imported from Russia. In natural gas alone, the EU has to pay 200 million to 800 million euros to Russia every day this year. Emmanuel Le Roy, director of the Institute of Russian-French History in France, said that linking natural gas payment to the ruble will strengthen the Russian currency and shake the leading position of the US dollar and the euro, because the current global bulk energy sales are either linked to the US dollar or the euro. Some countries have imposed severe sanctions on Russia, actually tearing up the current global financial system based on the dollar.

　　Europe is in a hurry.

　　German Economic Weekly believes that when European importers have to pay for natural gas in rubles instead of euros or dollars, this demand will support the ruble. Ullrich Nieyer, an economist at the University of Dü sseldorf, said that Europe must hoard rubles to ensure energy imports, or get rubles from Russian commercial banks, which can help Russia stabilize its foreign exchange reserves. Russia is using its foreign exchange reserves to buy important commodities such as chips or medicines from countries that have not yet imposed sanctions.

　　However, DPA said that many EU leaders have stated that they have ruled out the possibility of using rubles to pay for energy supply. Germany and Italy, the most important importers of Russian gas, said that Russia’s move violated long-term supply contracts. According to German Chancellor Scholz, the existing contract stipulates the currency of payment. Gazprom has signed agreements with more than 40 European companies. Moreover, it is not easy for European companies to obtain rubles, and western central banks are unlikely to provide much help.

　　On the 28th, Reuters quoted a researcher from Oxford Energy Research Institute as saying: "For most European buyers, it is very difficult to pay for natural gas orders with rubles, and certainly not in a short time." German media believe that European companies may stick to the original payment method and observe the subsequent development. Some European companies believe that if Gazprom unilaterally adjusts the contract, it will constitute a breach of contract, and the contracting parties can choose to go to the arbitration tribunal.

　　Keep an eye on gold

　　The Russian channel of the US Forbes website reported on the 26th that after a two-week "rest", the Russian central bank will resume buying gold from banks on March 28th. The transaction will be conducted at a fixed price of 5000 rubles per gram. Gazprom executives said that according to the current gold price, this corresponds to the exchange rate of 80 rubles for every dollar, while the market exchange rate on the 28th was 102 rubles for every dollar. Not long ago, Putin signed a law to cancel the value-added tax (20%) on the purchase of gold bars for investment purposes, and the Russian central bank also allowed Russians to buy foreign currency gold bars in cash. Banks surveyed by Forbes said that the demand for gold purchase has increased tenfold since the abolition of VAT.

　　Some analysts believe that there are two main purposes for the Russian central bank to buy gold at a "price": one is to improve the liquidity of Russian banks kicked out of the SWIFT system by buying gold, and the other is to accelerate dollarization by concentrating more gold.

　　Earlier, the US Treasury Department said that Americans were prohibited from engaging in any transactions involving the Russian Central Bank, the Russian National Wealth Fund or the Russian Ministry of Finance. This provision will "effectively" prohibit individuals (including gold dealers, distributors, wholesalers, buyers and financial institutions) from buying, selling or promoting gold transactions involving Russia and sanctioned parties. Al Jazeera said that the U.S. move is aimed at imposing secondary sanctions on those who conduct gold transactions with Russia. According to the information released by Russian Central Bank official website on 25th, all the existing gold reserves in Russia are in Russia. As of February 1st this year, the total value of Russian gold reserves is about 132.2 billion US dollars.

　　According to today’s Russian TV station reported on the 25th, the Russian central bank recently said in a statement that Russia has taken corresponding measures to limit the flow of 300 billion US dollars of funds to "unfriendly countries" due to the freezing of some Russian gold and foreign exchange reserves by the west. The Russian government has banned foreign investors from selling securities and withdrawing funds from the Russian financial system. In addition, the corporate debt and public debt of Russian companies can only be paid to the debt holders of countries that support sanctions against Russia with the permission of government committees.

　　Alexander Razuvayev, a Russian financial analyst, said that under the current circumstances, foreign investors will not be able to withdraw funds from Russian overseas assets and projects, which will have a positive impact on the economy of the whole country. This situation has reduced the pressure on the ruble, thus supporting the national currency. Some analysts said that although the West froze Russia’s foreign exchange reserves, it did not want Russia to fall into a large-scale default due to its inability to pay its foreign debts, and recently let Russia complete the payment in foreign currency. The main reason is that the default of Russian foreign debt may bring a series of heavy losses to large western financial and investment institutions.

　　On March 28th, Moscow Stock Exchange resumed all Russian stock trading, and the trading time was from 10: 00 to 14: 00 Moscow time. On the same day, after the opening of the Russian stock market, due to the deterioration of the external commodity situation and the pressure of western sanctions, the MOEX index and RTS index of Russia fell within one minute of opening, and the share price of Russian fertilizer producer PhosAgro rose against the trend. MOEX index fell 0.5%, RTS index fell 1.2%.

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The front face design of Changan Auchan X7 PLUS adopts a family style. With a large air intake grille and sharp LED headlights, the whole front of the car looks very atmospheric. The side lines of the car body are smooth, creating a steady and dynamic visual effect. On the whole, Changan Auchan X7 PLUS showed its unique charm and personality with its powerful design language at that time.

Changan Auchan X7 PLUS has a length, width and height of 4730*1870*1720mm and a wheelbase of 2786mm, which provides spacious interior space for passengers. The side lines of the car body are smooth, with 19-inch wheels and 225/55 R19 tires, showing a fashionable and dynamic style.

Changan Auchan X7 PLUS interior design is simple and modern, and the overall style is practical and comfortable. The steering wheel is made of plastic, which is not luxurious but has a moderate grip, and supports manual adjustment up and down to meet the needs of different drivers. The size of the central control screen is 7 inches. Although it is not oversized, it is easy to operate and has a clear display, which meets daily use. The seat is made of imitation leather, which has good air permeability. The main driving seat supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and up and down adjustment (2 directions), providing a comfortable sitting position. The co-pilot seat also supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment, which brings convenience to passengers. The second row of seats also has the function of backrest adjustment, and the occupant can adjust to the appropriate posture. The rear seats support proportional tilting, which increases the flexibility of the interior space. The car is equipped with multiple USB interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to charge electronic equipment.

Changan Auchan X7 PLUS is equipped with a 1.5t L4 engine with 170 horsepower, with a maximum power of 125kW and a maximum torque of 260 N m.. Matching it is a 6-speed manual gearbox, which provides abundant power output and good fuel economy for the vehicle.

Car home car owners spoke highly of the exterior design of Changan Auchan X7 PLUS, believing that the overall body is fashionable, the front face is handsome, the net design is unique, and the body lines are dynamic, which is very in line with the aesthetic needs of young people.

Brand-new looks strong and dynamic, angular and full. The front grille of Xuanyi’s face is enlarged, and with the "Nissan" logo, the design of the front face of the vehicle appears angular, and the headlights on both sides are quite sharp, and the headlights on both sides look very energetic after being lit. In terms of side lines, the new car adopts the design of the side lines of the car body, which prolongs the visual effect of the car to a certain extent. In addition, with the shape of 16-inch wheels, it makes its sports atmosphere more intense. The tail design is still full, and the details of the blackened taillights have become more personalized after being redrawn.

As far as carbon fiber decoration is concerned, Xuanyi is younger. The new car is also equipped with Nissan’s latest three-spoke style. In the central control area, there are door handles, etc., which are covered and wrapped with a lot of plastic and leather materials, and feel reasonable. It is equipped with an 8.0-inch floating central control panel with clear display and rich design functions. The front row is also equipped with a manual air conditioning control system to freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. The seat is relatively soft and delicate, which can firmly grasp the family.

The length, width and height are 4631×1760×1503mm respectively, and the wheelbase has reached 2700 mm. In the same class, the wheelbase of Sylphy ranks 13th. One bright spot is that its width reaches 1760mm, which reflects that the lateral space inside the car is not bad. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, Sylphy’s trunk volume ranks fourth. It can basically meet the luggage space for family travel. But there is no extra hidden storage space.

Sylphy Classic 1.6L Premium Edition uses a 1.6 engine with a maximum horsepower of 122 and a peak torque of 155, matching a CVT gearbox. The whole power parameters are superior in power performance among engines of the same class, which can provide better power performance. Sylphy’s official measured zero-acceleration score is 12.1S, ranking 19th among compact car models with more than 800,000.

Sylphy’s active/passive safety configuration is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

If the above data and participation can’t fully understand Sylphy, then we can give you a more comprehensive reference according to the word-of-mouth information of users who have bought Sylphy in history. It can be seen that what everyone is most satisfied with Sylphy is its good sound insulation effect, and its young taste and strong appearance are also the points that everyone likes it.