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　　Beijing, Nov. 1 (Zhang Xu)-On Nov. 1, Beijing, known as the "strictest" new regulations for automobile license to Beijing, was officially implemented. This means that after the implementation of the new regulations, about 1 million foreign license cars in Beijing’s motor vehicle ownership will be bound by the new regulations, and one out of every seven cars in Beijing can only drive outside the Sixth Ring Road for more than 280 days every year.

　　Traffic flow on the main road of Beijing East Third Ring Road. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuo photo

　　Where is the strictest in history?

　　According to the Notice of Beijing Municipality on Traffic Management Measures for Some Passenger Cars (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), the measures implemented on November 1, 2019 are called "the strictest in history" because there are four major changes compared with the previous restrictions on foreign license plates.

　　Change 1: the restricted area is expanded again.From November 1, 2019, the restricted area of foreign cards will be expanded from Beijing Fifth Ring Road to Beijing Sixth Ring Road, and Tongzhou, the administrative sub-center of Beijing, will be all divided into restricted areas.

　　Change 2: The paper entry permit must be clearly stated.There are two ways to apply for a Beijing permit, one is to apply at the high-speed service point on site, and the other is to apply online through the "Beijing Traffic Police APP". After the implementation of the new regulations, the Beijing Pass handled by the mobile phone must be printed into a paper version and placed on the lower left side of the front windshield.

　　Electronic entry permit needs to be printed.

　　Change 3: The number of days to enter Beijing each year will be limited.Each vehicle with a foreign license plate can apply for a Beijing Pass for up to 12 times a year, and each time is valid for up to 7 days, so it can drive for up to 84 days a year, accounting for 23% of the total number of days in the year.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission, according to the actual needs, it can be applied continuously, or it can be applied monthly or irregularly. After the implementation of the New Deal on November 1, the remaining 61 days in 2019 only account for this year’s quota, which can be understood as a "buffer" and will enter a new counting cycle on January 1 next year.

　　Change 4: In the restricted area, you can’t just stop driving.If you fail to apply for a Beijing Pass or the Beijing Pass expires, and park on urban roads above the branch level within the restricted range, the number of days that you can apply for a Beijing Pass in the current year will be deducted according to the number of parking days.

　　Pass to Beijing. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Millions of non-Beijing brand cars are subject to the new regulations.

　　How many cars will be affected by the new regulations of Beijing Pass? According to the data of Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission, by the end of May this year, there were 6.21 million motor vehicles in Beijing (including 5.19 million passenger cars) and about 1 million foreign brand cars. At present, it is circulated on the Internet that individual communities no longer lease parking spaces to vehicles with license plates from other places.

　　However, Mr. Xu, who lives in Tongzhou, Beijing and has a car license in Hebei, said that the new regulations have little impact on him. "In the past, you only needed to go to the urban area to get a Beijing permit. Now you need a permit to return to Tongzhou. However, my work doesn’t work very well. It’s really not good. It’s not a big deal to put a car in the community and take a car. "

　　According to the explanation of Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission,Vehicles without documents can park in their own parking spaces or in public parking lots off the road, and the number of days will not be deducted, but they need to apply for a Beijing Pass when they go on the road again, otherwise they will be punished accordingly.. In addition, after the foreign vehicle’s Beijing Pass expires, if it is parked in the off-street parking lot, it will not be reduced the effective days of re-issuing, nor will it be punished.

　　Why do you want to limit the number of days in Beijing? The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau explained that the traffic environment resources of the central city and the sub-center are limited and cannot afford too many cars.

　　According to the monitoring and data of the Beijing Traffic Management Department, about 709,000 vehicles with foreign license plates have been used in Beijing for a long time. Among the vehicles driving on urban expressways, foreign buses account for 10%; The proportion of buses parked in residential areas in the Fifth Ring Road is 5% to 13%, and it has reached 15% to 29% outside the Fifth Ring Road.

　　This figure has seriously affected the fairness and effectiveness of Beijing’s total motor vehicle control policy. Of course, there are also concerns about the shortage of parking resources in urban areas.

　　To what extent can parking difficulties in Beijing be alleviated?

　　The problem of parking difficulty in Beijing has a long history. In 1994, Beijing determined that the allocation index of residential areas was 0.1 parking spaces/household, and in 1999, it was proposed and published in 2002 that the new revised index was 0.3 parking spaces/household inside the Third Ring Road and 0.5 parking spaces/household outside the Third Ring Road.

　　In 2015, Beijing revised the parking allocation index of residential areas again. "The total supply of parking spaces should be controlled between 1.1 and 1.3 times the number of motor vehicles". According to the allocation standard, the ideal number of parking spaces in Beijing should be between 6.2 million and 7.4 million, but in fact it is far from being achieved.

　　According to the parking space survey data released by the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission in 2017, by the end of 2016, there were 3.82 million parking spaces in urban areas in Beijing, and the demand for night parking was 3.84 million, with the total supply and demand equal; However, the spatial distribution of parking space resources is uneven, and the imbalance gap of residential parking spaces reaches 1.29 million. Among them, the serious vacancy area in the Third Ring Road accounts for 84%, and there is no sufficient parking area in the Fifth Ring Road.

　　By the end of May 2019, the number of motor vehicles in Beijing had reached 6.21 million (including 5.19 million passenger cars). Although the number of motor vehicles has slowed down with the introduction of control measures, it is an indisputable fact that there are fewer parking spaces than motor vehicles.

　　On the one hand, the number of parking spaces is insufficient, on the other hand, a large number of parking spaces have not been effectively utilized. According to the 2017 China Smart Parking Industry Big Data Report jointly released by ETCP Smart Parking Industry Research Institute and CBN Business Data Center, the utilization rate of parking spaces in Beijing is between 40% and 50%.

　　The utilization rate of parking spaces is low. Data source ETCP

　　Pan Helin, a postdoctoral fellow in applied economics at China Academy of Fiscal Science, told the reporter: "The new regulations for entering Beijing can reduce the number of foreign vehicles entering Beijing, which has a certain effect on alleviating parking difficulties. However, because the proportion of foreign vehicles is not high, it is mainly necessary to revitalize existing parking space resources by means of big data and peak parking, so as to achieve better results."

　　Nie Yaguang, deputy director of the Static Traffic Management Office of the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission, said in an interview with the media that in 2018, the six districts of Beijing provided more than 20,000 parking spaces for residents by tapping the potential to build new three-dimensional parking facilities.

　　A parking lot manager in Beijing directs the owner to reverse the car. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuo photo

　　Changsheng Building, located in North Xinhua Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, is close to the residential area. Under the coordination of the District Urban Management Committee and the street, Changsheng Building took out 200 parking spaces to share with the residents of Xijiaomin Lane, North Xinhua Street and Liubukou, and the parking order was greatly improved.

　　The reporter learned in the parking lot of Changsheng Mansion that the monthly rent of parking spaces was adjusted from 900 yuan to 1000 yuan in July 2019. However, residents who have passed the certification of "four certificates in one" (household register, house book, ID card and driving license) can still enjoy the preferential price of 400 yuan every month.

　　"Sharing parking spaces for residents not only makes it convenient for residents, but also benefits us. The 24-hour average parking space utilization rate of the parking lot has increased by nearly 20%, and everyone wins." The staff of the parking lot of Changsheng Building told reporters.

　　A few days ago, the Static Traffic Management Office of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Communications said that it is studying the introduction of guidelines for sharing parking at wrong times, which will clarify the reward mechanism for parking facilities suppliers and the restraint mechanism for parking space users.

　　"According to the parking census data, the potential of shared parking in Beijing is very great. Whether it is from the idle number of public parking spaces or the distance between public parking spaces and residential areas, it is conditional to carry out parking sharing." Nie Yaguang said that at present, there are about 900,000 idle parking spaces in public buildings in Beijing at night. If 50% of the idle parking spaces can be shared with residential areas at different times, about 35% of the parking gap in residential areas can be solved, which is equivalent to the total amount of parking on roads at night. This number is considerable.

In 1938, Wei Lihuang took a photo with Mao Zedong when he visited Yan ‘an.

Wei Lihuang

　　Wei Lihuang was Sun Yat-sen’s guardian, Chiang Kai-shek’s "General of the Five Tigers", and Mao Zedong’s friend. He was once a "war criminal" wanted by the Chinese Communist Party, and was later appointed as the vice chairman of the National Defense Commission of People’s Republic of China (PRC) … Throughout his life, Wei Lihuang was like a riddle. To solve this mystery, we must start from the historical origin of Wei Lihuang and communist party …

　　"Communist Suppression" Encountered "Xi ‘an Incident"

　　Wei Lihuang, whose name is Junru, was born in Hefei in 1897. His grandparents were poor peasants. In Wuchang Uprising in 1911, Wei Lihuang, who was under the age of 15, was drafted into the new army. After the Great Revolution was frustrated, he turned to Wuhan, joined the Xiang Army and became a professional soldier. Later, introduced by democratic revolutionaries, he went to Shanghai to join Sun Yat-sen’s crusade against Yuan Shikai and became Sun Yat-sen’s guardian. During the Northern Expedition, Wei Lihuang repeatedly made meritorious military service and became the youngest "small battalion commander".

　　Wei Lihuang, a warrior, fought against the Red Army many times. The "communist suppression" gave him "honor" and also gave him regret. In 1926, Wei Lihuang became a teacher, but because he was not born in Zhejiang and did not belong to Huangpu, it was difficult to gain the trust of Chiang Kai-shek, and he was just a "miscellaneous brand" in Chiang Kai-shek’s clique, and the two men had a lot of bad feelings. Despite his outstanding military exploits, Wei Lihuang, together with Liu Zhi, Gu Zhutong, Jiang Dingwen and Chen Cheng, was called Chiang Kai-shek’s "General of the Five Tigers", but he didn’t get a powerful official.

　　Before the "Xi ‘an Incident", Chiang Kai-shek appointed Wei Lihuang as "Commander-in-Chief of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region" and once again served as a tool for "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Army. However, the shooting of the "Xi ‘an Incident" made them prisoners. At that time, forty or fifty people, including the family members of the Nanjing government in Wei Lihuang, were imprisoned in the Xijing Guest House.

　　Wei Lihuang knew that he was famous for his "anti-communism" and would die. However, the "Xi ‘an Incident" was resolved peacefully, and communist party let bygones be bygones. In this regard, Wei Lihuang was filled with emotion and embarked on a new starting point in life.

　　Tie the knot at the top of the CPC

　　On August 25th, 1937, the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and a month later, it was renamed as the 18th Army, which was subordinate to the Second World War Zone sequence under the command of Commander Yan Xishan and Deputy Commander Wei Lihuang. Facing the complicated situation, Yen Hsi-shan handed over the operational command to former enemy commander-in-chief Wei Lihuang. In this way, Wei Lihuang became the nominal "boss" of the Eighth Route Army.

　　After the Battle of Xinkou in 1939, Wei Lihuang met Zhou Enlai three times. On the eve of the founding of New China, Wei Lihuang fled to Hong Kong for seclusion. Zhou Enlai wrote: "The friends you met in Taiyuan welcome you back." After receiving this letter, Wei Lihuang got the message, and soon went on a trip.

　　During the Anti-Japanese War, Wei Lihuang also met with Commander-in-Chief Zhu De for three times and met with Liu Shaoqi. In April 1938, Wei Lihuang was invited by Mao Zedong to visit Yan ‘an for three days. Mao Zedong hosted a luncheon. During the dinner, Mao Zedong made an exception for drinking, and they left eight photos. Wei Lihuang regarded his photo with Mao Zedong and other communist party people as a treasure, and took it with him for a long time. It was not until he was detained by Chiang Kai-shek in Guangzhou that he had to destroy it.

　　After the trip to Yan ‘an, Wei Lihuang recruited progressive students sent by communist party, and even his personal secretary chose communist party people. Later, he even asked about his participation in communist party through reliable sources. I! V; W1 q% Y3 h0 _

　　Wei Lihuang, however, all this, but Chiang Kai-shek’s eyes and ears. A liaison officer of Major General Senior Staff told on Wei Lihuang that he was suspected of being "pro-Communist". Jiang sent people to investigate, although there was no definite evidence, but he still had doubts. Jiang said to people, "Wei can fight, but he doesn’t understand politics."

　　In May, 1941, Chiang Kai-shek excused Wei Lihuang, then commander of the First Theater, from his post as chairman of the Henan provincial government, and removed him from the rank of general, so that he could be paid to support his mother in Chengdu. At this time, Zhou Enlai said to Wei Lihuang, "You are tired by us." For Wei Lihuang, the greatest comfort is this.

　　Secret telegram to the Communist Party of China during inspection in Europe and America

　　In the autumn of 1943, Chiang Kai-shek invited Wei Lihuang to Chongqing, restored his rank as a general and appointed him as the commander of the Chinese Expeditionary Force. In May 1944, Wei Lihuang commanded the Chinese Expeditionary Force to counterattack. Wei Lihuang visited the front line in person, and his scene was photographed by American army reporters and published in the American Time Magazine, which made him famous.

　　After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wei Lihuang was once again idle by Chiang Kai-shek, who was bent on civil war and paid for his study abroad. Before the trip, Wei Lihuang arranged for Kibaki to make a fresh start for the future, and took the opportunity of going abroad to contact the Communist Party of China (CPC) through overseas relatives.

　　In November 1946, Wei Lihuang and his party, consisting of four people, set out from Shanghai and went to the United States via Japan. In the spring of 1947, Wei Lihuang left the United States for Europe. When I first arrived in England, my wife Han Quanhua sent a letter to my nephew Wang Dezhao in France. Wang is a progressive student leader in China, who has secret contact with the Communist Party of China (CPC). After arriving in Paris, Wei Mi made an appointment with Wang Dezhao and cut to the chase as soon as they met, asking him to contact the Communist Party of China (CPC) as soon as possible.

　　Wei and Wang met each other late. Wei Lihuang wrote a telegram to the Communist Party of China (CPC), the main content of which is: I intend to end the civil war as soon as possible, and I am determined to stand on the side of the people and cooperate with "relevant parties". In view of the current sinister environment, I hope to keep it absolutely secret. Soon Wang Dezhao told Wei Lihuang that the telegram had passed through a certain country and turned to "relevant parties". The other party hoped that Wei Lihuang would choose the right time and do something beneficial to the revolution.

　　Secretly help the battle between Liaoning and Shenyang

　　As Wei Lihuang expected, in October 1947, Chiang Kai-shek urged Wei Lihuang to return home. Wei Lihuang to shenyang, namely received Wang Dezhao cables from Paris-"previous telegram in Paris, has reached its destination. The other party has a reply, saying that it can use the current situation to act. "

　　Wei Lihuang took up the important post of "suppression general", but he did not revolt, which has always been a historical mystery. Only people who know the inside story know that it is difficult for Wei Lihuang to fully mobilize troops, even the guards around him are difficult to command, and Wei Lihuang’s important move is always tipped off by spies to Jiang. Therefore, Wei Lihuang to the northeast, in addition to the request to send reinforcements, can only stay put, deliberately delay the fighter.

　　On October 2, 1948, Chiang Kai-shek flew to Shenyang, summoned officers above division level to lecture, and cursed the northeast generals for passively avoiding war. Chiang Kai-shek also put aside Wei Lihuang, personally command. At this point, the enemy trapped in Jinzhou was anxious for help from Shenyang, but Wei Lihuang remained on hold. On October 14th, the People’s Liberation Army conquered Jinzhou, and more than 100,000 people under the Kuomintang enemy’s defensive line Fan Hanjie were captured. Since then, Changchun’s enemy troops on the defensive have rapidly disintegrated.

　　On December 25th, 1948, the Communist Party of China announced 43 war criminals of the Kuomintang, with Chiang Kai-shek at the top of the list and Wei Lihuang ranked 13th. In fact, the Chinese Communist Party has gone to great lengths to protect Wei Lihuang, otherwise it will aggravate Wei Lihuang’s suspicion of "communicating with the Communist Party". Because of this, Wei Lihuang escaped being killed and was placed under house arrest by Chiang Kai-shek. After escaping from the clutches, he passed through Shanghai, and Wei Lihuang arrived in Hong Kong on a British ship. This sinister journey made him another legend.　

Editor: Li Yongchao