xwxq

Restoration diagram of water transport instrument image platform

The observation records of nova supernovae confirm the modern theory of stellar evolution

Apart from some scientific and technological inventions that can be easily and accurately classified and named, some of the 88 important inventions in ancient China need to be properly summarized. For example, "astronomical records" generally reflect the achievements of ancient astronomical observation in China. It is reported that China was good at astronomical calculations in ancient times, and accumulated a large number of systematic observation records, among which nova and supernova observation records also made important contributions to modern scientists’ research on high-energy celestial bodies such as supernovae, radio sources, pulsars and neutron stars.

According to reports, among the astronomical records in ancient China, the most valuable information is related to solar eclipses, comets, sunspots and new stars. The detail and accuracy of the records of comets, meteors and nova in history books enable modern people to accurately determine their position, brightness and movement change process according to these records, and many records are also of high application value to modern astronomical research.

Among them, the most prominent application of solar eclipse record is to study the change of earth’s rotation speed. The long-term change of the earth’s rotation can be obtained by comparing the modern calculated solar eclipse with the actual observation data of this solar eclipse in history. The reliable solar eclipse records in history mainly come from China. There are more than 1000 records of comets in the history of China, which were first recorded in Spring and Autumn Annals, and comets have been regarded as celestial bodies. In contrast, the West regarded comets as burning phenomena in the atmosphere from Aristotle until the 16th century.

From Shang Dynasty to the end of 17th century, China recorded more than 90 nova and supernova events, which is a very precious astronomical record in the world. In 1950s, Xi Zezong, a Chinese planetarium historian, compiled and published A New Table of Ancient Novas, which examined these records in detail, making a very important confirmation for the modern theory of stellar evolution, and was the most wonderful chapter in the application of ancient astronomical records in China.

Records of solar eclipse in Shangshu

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the water transport instrument was built with astronomical observation function.

Some inventions have not developed continuously, or their practical functions are limited, but they show extraordinary wisdom and skills, such as water transport instruments and platforms. The camera platform of water transport instrument integrates the functions of timing, astronomical demonstration and astronomical observation. The creator invented the ingenious "escapement mechanism" and expressed the mechanical structure with a complete set of drawings, showing Chinese’s superb level of designing complex mechanical systems.

The water transport instrument observatory is a large astronomical instrument system built in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is an observatory integrating armillary sphere, elephant and timing device. Its creativity is mainly reflected in two aspects: firstly, the water wheel, gear train, control machine, timer, elephant and armillary sphere are integrated into a mechanical system, which reflects the high level of designing complex machinery; Secondly, it invented the control machine-Tianheng, which is composed of rod system and scale leakage, and its function is equivalent to the escapement mechanism of modern mechanical clocks and watches.

The water flowing evenly from the clepsydra is injected into the bucket of the water wheel to drive the water wheel to rotate. Under the control of the mechanism composed of rod system and scale leakage, the water wheel rotates evenly and intermittently. Through the gear train and even the chain drive, the water wheel simultaneously drives the timing device, demonstrates the elephant of the sky and observes the armillary sphere of the starry sky. The timing device rings the bell, rings the bell, shows the cards, beats the bell and drums to tell the time, engrave and watch the shift. The armillary sphere is mainly composed of triple rings, and its inner "four-travel instrument" has a watchtube. The water wheel drives the "four-swimming instrument" to run with the sky, which can make the telescope rotate with the starry sky target. This design is the prototype of the rotating clock in later generations.

　

Double Stirrups Unearthed from the Tomb of Beiyan Feng Sufu

Stirrups appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which seems to be of great military significance.

In contrast, some inventions are not prominent in the complexity of technology, but they have had a great impact on the process of civilization. For example, although the stirrup is simple in structure, it has significantly improved the combat effectiveness of cavalry.

Stirrup is a stepping and supporting device when riding a horse, which is usually similar to a semi-elliptical ring. The stirrup ring is made of leather, iron and other materials with high strength, and the lower edge can be made of wood or rattan, and the iron or leather is wrapped outside to make wider pedals, which usually hang under the saddle in pairs. When getting on the horse, the rider can step on the back of the horse with one stirrup. When riding, your feet pass through the stirrup to help stabilize your body. When galloping, the rider stands on the stirrup with the stirrup as the main support point, and the upper body leans forward, which makes the rider’s hands more free and can move left and right on horseback.

According to textual research, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, China had a single stirrup hanging on the left side of the horse to assist in getting on the horse. The double stirrup matched with a terracotta horse figurine in the tomb of Wang Kui in Xiangshan, Nanjing is the earliest discovered material, which should appear no later than the beginning of the 4th century.

After the invention, stirrup soon spread to Koguryo area in Northeast Asia, and spread to the west through nomadic grassland people such as Turks. From the end of the 6th century to the beginning of the 7th century, Sassanian Persians introduced stirrups from Turks, and passed this technology on to Arabs in the 7th century. In the early 7th century, Avar brought the stirrup to Eastern Europe and Byzantium, and gradually spread to Northern Europe and Western Europe.
Stirrup is of revolutionary significance in military history. It enables knights to give full play to their weapon effectiveness in combat, thus further promoting the development of heavy cavalry. Therefore, this is a seemingly small but historically significant invention.

The contribution of the four major crops cultivation is not inferior to the "four great inventions"

Throughout ancient history, some scientific and technological knowledge may have originated from many places. However, more and more complicated scientific and technological knowledge may be shared by different civilizations through communication. For example, Chinese has contributed to the world the cultivation methods of crops such as rice, soybeans and tea, as well as the technologies of silk weaving, porcelain, paper making, printing, gunpowder and compass, and also introduced crops such as wheat, cotton, corn, potatoes and tomatoes.

In fact, the scientific and technological creativity of the Chinese nation has not yet been fully understood by the public. Our ancestors first cultivated the most important food crop-rice, the most important bean crop-soybean, one of the most important fruit crops-citrus, one of the three beverage crops-tea. The spread of these crop cultivation techniques is not inferior to the "four great inventions" in their contribution to human survival and development.

For example, rice cultivation has made rice the world’s largest food crop, and more than half of the world’s population lives on rice. According to reports, China, India and Southeast Asia may all be the earliest domestication centers of rice, but China’s view as the origin of cultivated rice in Asia has been supported by more and more archaeological evidence. There are 167 places where prehistoric cultivated rice remains in China have been unearthed, and there are four places with a time of more than 10,000 years. Among them, rice remains dating back about 12,000 years have been found in Xianrendong site and Diaotonghuan site in Jiangxi province, and the earliest rice specimens in the world have also been unearthed in Yuchanyan site in Daoxian county, Hunan province. All these provide further evidence for the statement that China is the origin of cultivated rice in Asia.

Link:

Important inventions in ancient China (88 in total)

Scientific discovery and creation

1. Branches and branches 2, Yin-Yang calendar 3, standard table 4, decimal system and counting method 5, pinhole imaging 6, heterosis utilization 7, surplus-deficiency technique 8, twenty-four solar terms 9, meridian theory 10, four diagnostic methods 11, Mawangdui map 12, Pythagorean compatibility circle 13, linear equations and solutions 14, Materialism 15, astronomical records 16, Prescription 16. Dunhuang Star Map 20, Tide Table 21, China Abacus 22, Multiplication and Opening Method 23, Stacking Method 24, Tianyuan Method 25, First Congruence Equation Solution 26, Forensic Medicine System 27, Quaternary Method 28, Twelfth Equal Course Law 29, Classification System of Compendium of Materia Medica 30, and Systematic Karst Landform Investigation.

Technological invention

31. Rice cultivation 32, pig domestication 33, alcoholic beverage brewing 34, lacquer painting 35, millet cultivation 36, jade cutting 37, sericulture 38, silk reeling 39, soybean cultivation 40, block method 41, bamboo cultivation 42, tea tree cultivation 43, citrus cultivation 44, pig iron-based iron and steel smelting technology 45, branches. Multiple cropping 49, acupuncture 50, papermaking 51, chest belt driving 52, greenhouse cultivation 53, jacquard 54, compass 55, water hammer 56, Xinmang copper caliper 57, fan car 58, seismograph 59, rollover (dragon bone car) 60, water raft 61, porcelain 62, stirrup. Compass (compass) 68, drilling (deep drilling and swabbing technology of well salt) 69, movable type printing 70, water transport instrument stage 71, double-acting piston bellows 72, windmill 73, rocket 74, ware (tubular firearm) 75, and human pox inoculation.

Engineering achievements

76. Zeng Houyi chimed bells 77, Dujiangyan 78, Great Wall 79, Lingqu 80, Qin Mausoleum bronze chariots and horses 81, Anji Bridge (open-shouldered stone arch bridge) 82, Grand Canal 83, Potala Palace 84, Suzhou Garden 85, Cangzhou Iron Lion 86, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda 87, Forbidden City 88, Zhenghe Navigation.

　

Source: Beijing Evening News North Night New Vision Network reporter Sun Leqi

　　Under the background that the world economy is facing difficulties, it is particularly important to give full play to its own advantages for the sustainable development of China’s economy. China has formulated scientific and effective policies to promote high-quality development and continuously achieve new results, which is important for the world economy.

　　At present, influenced by multiple factors, the downward pressure on the world economy has increased. In this context, it is more important for China’s economy to show its strong resilience. With the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention and control policies, China’s economic and social vitality has been continuously restored, which will provide more powerful kinetic energy for world economic recovery.

　　In recent years, the achievements of high-quality economic development in China are constantly emerging, and the vigorous development of high-tech industries is an example. In 2022, the added value of high-tech manufacturing industry above designated size in China increased by 7.4% over the previous year, and the investment in high-tech manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry increased by 22.2% and 12.1% respectively. With the continuous promotion of reform and opening up, the in-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy and the continuous improvement of the business environment, the new kinetic energy of China’s economic growth will continue to grow and its economic potential is expected to be further released.

　　The COVID-19 epidemic has had many negative effects on international trade, but China has quickly adapted to the new changes in the global economic and trade situation. In 2022, the scale of China’s foreign trade reached a new record high, and the total value of goods import and export exceeded 40 trillion yuan, reaching 42.07 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.7%. China’s foreign trade scale continues to expand, which fully reflects China’s important position in the global industrial chain supply chain. In the future, by further deepening international economic and trade cooperation, China will play a more important role in promoting the global economic cycle and helping the world economic growth.

　　The rapid development of digital economy in China has become a new bright spot of economic growth. Cross-border e-commerce in China has developed vigorously, establishing world-class storage capacity, diversified logistics and transportation channels and efficient logistics and transportation management system, fully demonstrating the vitality of China’s digital economy. China has established a good digital ecosystem, which has made important contributions to the development of global digital economy.

　　Since last year, developed countries have adopted radical monetary policies to curb the high inflation rate, which has intensified the volatility of global financial markets and increased the uncertainty of world economic recovery. Compared with other major economies, China has more macro-policy space. China is implementing a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and is striving to strengthen the coordination of various policies, which will help China effectively meet the challenges faced by economic development.

　　China has obvious advantages in economic and social development. Under the background that the world economy is facing difficulties, it is particularly important to give full play to its own advantages for the sustainable development of China’s economy. China has formulated scientific and effective policies to promote high-quality development and continuously achieve new results, which is of great benefit to the world economy.

　　(The author is the Acting Director of the Department of World Economy and International Economic Relations, Russian State University of Management)

　　In recent years, there has always been a strange phenomenon in Guangyuan education. Many parents prefer to send their children to distant places such as Chengdu, Mianyang and Nanchong rather than go to school locally. In order to solve the educational problems, Guangyuan vigorously introduced Guangyuan Tianli International School and Wanda Middle School last year, which brought vitality to local education.

　　Recently, however, some citizens questioned the charges of Guangyuan Tianli International School through the platform of "Asking about Politics in Sichuan" on a website in the province, saying that the charge standard for freshmen in the first grade is 28,000 yuan/year, and they will have to pay about 80,000 yuan after finishing junior high school for three years, plus living expenses and other expenses will cost more than 100,000 yuan. In this regard, the parents have many doubts: "It is still a compulsory education stage. Is this reasonable? Does the price audit allow such charges? How many students can afford it? "

　　A few days ago, a reporter from Huaxi City conducted a survey.

　　The school clearly marks the price

　　Primary school and junior high school spend more than 20 thousand yuan a year

　　On July 6, the reporter went to Guangyuan Tianli International School near Lianhuachi Village, Lizhou District, Guangyuan City. At the Admissions Office, a staff member introduced the school’s enrollment policy to reporters. Except for the first-grade students in primary school, students from other schools must pass rigorous examinations before they are eligible to study in this school. "We plan to recruit a total of 12 classes on the first day of this year, with 42 students in each class and no more than 45 students at most." The staff member briefed the reporter on the enrollment plan of the first grade.

　　At the same time, the staff member brought the reporter a special edition of Guangyuan Tianli International School in Autumn 2016, which listed the payment standards. The tuition fees for primary and junior high schools were 20,000 yuan/year, the accommodation fee was 1,200 yuan/period, the living expenses were 2,500 yuan/period, and the escrow fee was 600 yuan/period. The high school tuition fee is 0-22,000 yuan/year, the accommodation fee is 1,200 yuan/period, the living expenses are punch card consumption, and the escrow fee is 600 yuan/period.

　　The day happened to be the summer vacation of the school. A parent who came to pick up the children told the reporter that he was from Jiange County and his son was in the second grade of primary school. After one year, the money paid, including tuition, living expenses, accommodation, management fees, school uniforms and other expenses, added up to not less than 30,000 yuan. He calculated an account for the reporter. From elementary school to high school, if you study in this school for 12 years, it may be more than 400,000. The parent said that the cost is really high and it is difficult for the average family to bear.

　　department responsible for the work

　　Tuition and accommodation fees have been approved

　　The approved tuition fee is 18,000 yuan/year.

　　With parents’ questions, the reporter consulted the Guangyuan Municipal Development and Reform Commission. A person in charge of the charge management department told the reporter that the tuition and accommodation fees charged by Guangyuan Tianli International School have been approved by the price department, but the living expenses and other expenses have not been audited. Because the living expenses and other expenses are not within the scope of government pricing, the school will calculate them according to the actual consumption of students. According to the standards approved by the price department, the tuition fee of Guangyuan Tianli International School should be 18,000 yuan per year for primary schools and junior high schools, and the accommodation fee should be 1,200 yuan per period. The reporter learned that the tuition fee approved by the price department is 18,000 yuan/year, and the school charges 20,000 yuan/year. The price department will conduct an investigation.

　　At the same time, Yang Songlin, director of the Education Bureau of Guangyuan City, said that he only saw doubts about the fees charged by Guangyuan Tianli International School. He said that primary and secondary schools have strict standards, public schools follow the unified national standards, while private schools should charge according to the standards approved by the price department, and the education authorities have the right to supervise whether their fees are in accordance with regulations. Regarding the existence of illegal charges in Guangyuan Tianli International School, he has sent someone to investigate with the price department.

　　School reply

　　Lower than similar schools around.

　　18,000 yuan is the first approved price.

　　Huang Yonggui, president of Guangyuan Tianli International School, gave his own explanation for the statement that parents reported high fees. Huang Yonggui said that the fees charged by schools have been audited by the price department of Guangyuan Development and Reform Commission, and the fees charged by similar schools in Chengdu, Mianyang and Yibin are much higher than those charged by their schools. In view of the fact that the school has just been established, in order to attract more students, the school has set the tuition fee at 20,000 yuan/year.

　　"Because the nature of the school belongs to private schools, mainly to meet the needs of high-quality students, the school environment is very good, and the teachers are excellent in Sichuan and even outside the province, so the school fees are relatively high." Huang Yonggui said that for parents’ consideration, some students with excellent academic performance can apply if they really want to study in school, and the school has special aid funds and scholarships to help them.

　　Regarding the price department’s statement that the approved tuition fee is 18,000 yuan/year, Huang Yonggui said, "This is only the first approved price. After the National Development and Reform Commission led the relevant departments to investigate the school, it was stated in a material that the approved price was 23,000 yuan/year, but we still only implemented 20,000 yuan/year. " Yu Dong Huaxi City Reader Liu Yangu

　　@ Wei Ganzi News, on September 6, the press conference of the provincial, city (state) and county front-line joint headquarters for earthquake relief in the "9.5" Luding earthquake in Sichuan Province reported the progress of disaster relief in the "9.5" Luding earthquake in Sichuan Province.

　　At 12: 52 on September 5, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province (29.59 degrees north latitude and 102.08 degrees east longitude) with a focal depth of 16 kilometers. Appointed by the central leading comrades, Wang Xiangxi, deputy commander of the State Council Earthquake Relief Headquarters and Minister of Emergency Management Department, led the working group of the State Council Earthquake Relief Headquarters overnight to guide and support the earthquake relief work in the earthquake zone. On the 6th, Wang Xiaohui, secretary of the provincial party committee, went to the earthquake zone to visit the people affected by the disaster, the people’s liberation army, armed police, emergency personnel, firefighting personnel and grassroots cadres who fought in the front line of disaster relief, and gave on-site guidance on earthquake relief work. Governor Huang Qiang, Executive Vice Governor Li Yunze and Vice Governor Tian Qingying guided earthquake relief work in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture and Shimian County, Ya ‘an City on the 6th. At present, relevant state ministries and commissions, relevant provincial departments, affected cities (states) and counties have acted quickly, all kinds of rescue forces have rushed to help, and cadres and masses in disaster areas have helped each other, and all kinds of earthquake relief work are being carried out intensively.

　　I. Earthquake situation and disaster situation

　　Casualties: As of 14: 00 on the 6th, the earthquake has caused 66 deaths (including 38 in Ganzi Prefecture and 28 in Ya ‘an City), 15 people lost contact and 253 people were injured (including 5 critically injured and 70 seriously injured).

　　Aftershocks: As of 10: 00 on the 6th, there were 10 aftershocks of magnitude 3.0 and above, including 1 of magnitude 4.2 and 3.0— 3.9, 9 times.

　　Road damage: 12,031 kilometers of roads at all levels and 6,121 points such as bridges, tunnels, slopes and culverts have been checked; At present, the whole expressway is unobstructed, with many broken lanes on S217 and S434 lines, 15 rural roads blocked and 4 roads have been rushed through.

　　Communication damage: as of 7: 00 on September 6, the earthquake caused a total of 334 base stations to be surrendered and 77 base stations to be rushed to recover; Accumulated optical cables were damaged by 134 kilometers, and accumulated optical cables were rushed through by 29 kilometers; The number of people affected by communication interruption is 16,000.

　　Power damage: As of 7: 00 on the 6th, two 110kV substations, two 35kV substations, one 500kV line, three 110kV lines, two 35kV lines, 27 10kV lines, 278 stations and 21,922 users have been restored.

　　Situation of the dammed lake: the first tributary of Dadu River, Wandong River, has been cut off, forming a dammed lake. At present, there have been more natural discharges, and the risks are generally controllable. The threatened people have been evacuated and transferred.

　　The collapse of houses and property losses are still under further statistics.

　　Second, the progress of earthquake relief

　　Fully organize personnel to search and rescue. By 8: 00 on September 6th, a total of more than 6,650 people and 9 helicopters had been dispatched from the People’s Liberation Army and Armed Police Force, fire fighting and rescue, forest fire fighting, Anneng Group, safety production, communications and electric power, medical rescue, etc. Among them, more than 3,850 people and 4 helicopters were dispatched from Luding, and more than 2,800 people and 5 helicopters were dispatched from Shimian. Four other helicopters are on standby.

　　Try your best to treat the wounded. Among the injured, 175 were treated by the hospital. Six national and provincial medical rescue teams were organized to carry out on-site medical rescue work. West China Hospital, Provincial Hospital, Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University and other counterparts participated in and guided the hospitals in the disaster areas to treat the wounded, and conducted remote consultation in time to ensure the treatment effect of the wounded. Sixteen public health experts were dispatched to guide the epidemic prevention and control and drinking water monitoring in disaster areas, and the Luding and Asbestos COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control teams were established to carry out nucleic acid detection in full coverage.

　　Timely transfer and resettlement of the masses. Up to now, all the affected people in the disaster areas have been transferred and resettled. The Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and the Emergency Department set up coordination centers for volunteers and social organizations in the "9.5" Luding earthquake at the provincial, city and county levels to carry out emergency volunteer service.

　　Emergency increase of funds and materials. On the 5 th, the provincial finance allocated 50 million yuan to Ganzi Prefecture, 50 million yuan to Ya ‘an City, 20 million yuan to Ganzi Prefecture and Ya ‘an City for emergency disposal of earthquake secondary geological disasters, and 20 million yuan for provincial geological disaster prevention and control subsidies. The Emergency Department allocated 83,580 provincial relief materials, and the Red Cross allocated 5,620 relief materials to support the rescue and resettlement work in disaster areas.

　　Actively grab the infrastructure. The transportation system dispatched 19 rescue teams with 734 person-times, 169 rescue machines and equipment such as excavators and loaders, and reserved 936 passenger and freight vehicles. State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company has invested 1319 emergency rescue personnel, 109 generators, 8 generator cars, 2 charging cabins and 67 sets of emergency lighting equipment. The communication industry dispatched 1040 emergency repair personnel, 102 satellite phones and 22 emergency communication vehicles. At 0: 00 on September 6, the second large-scale high-altitude whole network emergency communication drone took off, and flew to Detuo Town, Ganzi Prefecture at 2: 00, accessing 2155 users and sending reminder messages.

　　Comprehensively investigate secondary disasters. Luding county has initially investigated more than 7,000 rural houses, 20 municipal roads, 7 bridges and 18 other facilities; A total of 330 buildings, 40 kilometers of municipal roads, 10 bridges, 38 kilometers of pipe networks and 39 other facilities were initially investigated in Shimian County. The Provincial Geological Disaster Command launched the second-level emergency response of provincial geological disasters, and invested 448 people, drones and other equipment in 146 sets to carry out the investigation of hidden dangers of geological disasters. After the investigation of ecological environment in key places such as water sources and sewage plants, no environmental safety problems were found.

　　Stabilize the supply of materials in disaster areas. The commerce department has launched an emergency mechanism to prepare for emergency support of daily necessities, and the market supervision department has strengthened monitoring and supervision to guide enterprises and businesses to cooperate with earthquake relief. At present, the market of daily necessities in Ganzi and Ya ‘an is generally stable, with sufficient supply and good order. The supply of refined oil in the province is sufficient, and the supply of Ganzi and Ya ‘an is normal. The production and supply of natural gas in the province have not been affected, and relevant enterprises have carried out emergency rescue and supply protection work.

　　Actively carry out insurance claims. According to statistics, urban and rural residents’ residential earthquake insurance covers a total of 72,321 households in Ganzi Prefecture, with an insurance amount of 1.631 billion yuan, including 4,111 households in Luding County with an insurance amount of 108 million yuan, and 4,365 households in kangding city with an insurance amount of 128 million yuan; Shimian County, Ya ‘an City underwrites 2,607 households with an insurance amount of 66.24 million yuan. The Sichuan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau has asked all insurance institutions to immediately start the rapid response mechanism for claims, so as to ensure that all claims should be paid quickly.

　　At present, the road conditions in the earthquake-stricken areas are complex, the hidden dangers of secondary disasters are frequent and prone to occur, and the risk of epidemic situation in COVID-19 persists. Please ask people in all parts of the disaster-stricken areas to actively do their own safety protection and express their gratitude to people from all walks of life for their concern, support and help. We believe that with the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the party, government, army and people in the whole province will work together to provide disaster relief, and we will certainly win the final victory in the fight against earthquake disasters.

Our reporter Fang Xiaochen Peng Yanyun

The semi-annual report of A-share listed companies in 2025 is being disclosed one after another. As important forces in the capital market, social security funds and Public Offering of Fund attract people’s attention. According to the "Securities Daily" reporter, as of press release on August 21st, 98 stocks were jointly held by the two companies for two consecutive quarters, concentrated in high-growth fields such as medicine, biology and chemical industry. The market value of circulating A shares of the above 98 stocks as of the end of the second quarter increased by 3.64% as a whole compared with the end of the first quarter.

According to the interviewed insiders, although the investment ideas of Social Security Fund and Public Offering of Fund are not exactly the same, they both have a tendency to invest in value. The market value of the stocks in the same box has increased for two consecutive quarters, which fully demonstrates their unique stock picking vision and investment wisdom. For example, in the pharmaceutical and biological industries, the breakthrough of biotechnology and the improvement of the demand for healthy living are becoming the underlying logic for institutions to consistently see more.

28 new heavyweight stocks in the social security portfolio

In recent years, the policy has continued to encourage medium and long-term funds to enter the market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market. Wind information data shows that as of press time on August 21st, among the A-share listed companies that have disclosed the semi-annual report of 2025, there are 129 stocks with social security fund portfolios in the list of the top ten tradable shareholders.

According to the closing price on June 30, the total stock market value of social security funds reached 33.206 billion yuan. Four stocks, including Changshu Bank, Pengding Holdings, Haida Group and Wanhua Chemical, were all held by the social security fund with a market value exceeding 1 billion yuan, which were 2.047 billion yuan, 1.378 billion yuan, 1.232 billion yuan and 1.151 billion yuan respectively. It is worth noting that Changshu Bank is also the stock with the largest number of shares in the social security fund portfolio, reaching 278 million shares.

Judging from the changes in the number of shares held, compared with the end of the first quarter of this year, 28 stocks such as Chunfeng Power, Satellite Chemistry, Soviet Test and Valin Iron and Steel are new heavyweight stocks in the social security fund portfolio. These new heavyweight stocks are distributed in machinery, pharmaceutical biology, chemical industry and other industries. Further from the stock market value, the social security fund portfolio has the highest stock market value of Chunfeng Power, reaching 429 million yuan; Satellite Chemical took the second place with a stock market value of 350 million yuan.

As an important institutional investor in the capital market, as of the end of the second quarter of this year, the market size of Public Offering of Fund has exceeded 34 trillion yuan. Among the A-share listed companies that have disclosed the semi-annual report for 2025, Public Offering of Fund has appeared in the list of the top ten tradable shareholders of 667 stocks. Judging from the stock market value, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, Kweichow Moutai and Oriental Fortune rank among the top three in Public Offering of Fund.

Judging from the changes in the number of shares held, compared with the end of the first quarter of this year, 97 stocks, including Haotong Technology, Zhaojin Gold and First Pharmaceutical, are new heavyweight stocks in Public Offering of Fund. These new positions are distributed in chemical industry, hardware equipment, machinery, medicine and biology industries.

According to the situation of social security fund and Public Offering of Fund’s new heavy stocks in the second quarter of this year, chemical industry, pharmaceutical biology and machinery are both favored industries. Specific to individual stocks, two stocks, Zaisheng Technology and Zhongce Rubber, are both located in the social security fund and Public Offering of Fund’s new heavyweight stocks.

98 stocks were continuously held.

The Securities Daily reporter further combed the disclosed data and found that the social security fund and Public Offering of Fund had 98 stocks in the same box for two consecutive quarters. By the end of the second quarter, the market value of circulating A shares of 98 listed companies increased from 2.20 trillion yuan at the end of the first quarter of this year to 2.28 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.64%. In the same period, the cumulative increase of the Shanghai Composite Index (from the end of March to the end of June this year) was 2.78%, which reflected the unique vision of social security fund and Public Offering of Fund in stock selection.

Chen Yuheng, a senior investment consultant of Shaanxi Jufeng Investment Information Co., Ltd., told the Securities Daily reporter: "Although the investment ideas of the social security fund and Public Offering of Fund are not exactly the same, the social security fund insists on value investment, long-term investment and responsible investment, which is less constrained by the cost of capital, and the liquidity demand is relatively low. Public Offering of Fund’s investment strategy is more flexible and diverse, but both of them have a tendency to invest in value, focusing on tapping valuable companies, such as in the pharmaceutical and biological sectors."

In terms of industry distribution, among the 98 stocks held by Social Security Fund and Public Offering of Fund in the first two quarters of this year, the stocks distributed in chemical, pharmaceutical, biological, hardware and equipment industries are among the top. Taking the pharmaceutical bio-sector as an example, the circulating market value of the 12 pharmaceutical bio-sector stocks held by the two companies increased from 201.325 billion yuan at the end of the first quarter to 205.489 billion yuan at the end of the second quarter, an increase of 2.07%.

"The pharmaceutical and biological industry is just needed, and innovative drugs and high-end consumables have broad development prospects. The social security fund and Public Offering of Fund layout this field, which can not only share the industry growth dividend, but also ensure the safety and stability of funds." Sun Heng, director of Morningstar (China) Fund Research Center, said in an interview with a reporter from Securities Daily.

Hao Miao, research director of harvest fund Great Health, believes that from the long-term trend of industrial upgrading, the breakthrough innovation of biotechnology in recent years is driving the pharmaceutical and biological industry to become a high-quality track in the eyes of investors, which is driven by both supply and demand. On the demand side, there is no upper limit for human beings to pursue a healthy life, while natural disease variation continues to pose new challenges; On the supply side, frontier technologies such as molecular biology, AI and genetic engineering have evolved cross-directionally, forming a "basic discovery — Technology transformation — Clinical application "positive cycle.

1905 movie network news The world’s first real-life Poké mon movie, which will be released on May 10th, has recently exposed a "unique" version of the behind-the-scenes special. Ryan Reynolds, Justin Smith, kathryn newton and other creative teams appeared one by one, deciphering the production process and sharing behind-the-scenes stories.

In order to create a lifelike real-life world in which the virtual and the reality are intertwined, Pokémon Detective Pikachu has made great efforts in shooting and scene design. The film not only adopts three production forms: motion capture, 35mm film shooting and computer animation, but also puts a lot of thought into the construction of the surreal world of Lyme. There are not only familiar scenes of high-rise buildings, but also unknown and international elements. Realism and strong stylization complement each other. All this makes the world of treasure dreams presented on the big screen within reach, bringing the audience an immersive viewing experience.

The "Different" version of the behind-the-scenes special reveals that Pokémon Detective Pikachu is inspiring.

In the special edition, Pikachu, a fluffy detective, combines milk fierceness with pride. The scene of swearing "electrocuting you", jumping and recommending "the best candidate", spitting out ten levels of "you are cute" and "playing fine" interrogating the magic wall doll is even more vivid. "Detective Pikachu is a little cheeky and a little grumpy. He is an extraordinary character. Because he looks like a cotton ball in Huang Chengcheng, I try my best to show the character’s personality. " Ryan, who voiced it, said. At the same time, he also expressed excitement about the real texture of visual effects. "I have never seen such interaction before. You will want to reach out and touch him and hug him. All this makes this film different. "

Justin Smith and kathryn newton, the film’s leading actors, also expressed their delight in the dream world of Pokémon Detective Pikachu. "There is a big contrast between this lovely little thing and Ryan. It is incredible! " Justin Smith said with a smile, "You can feel the magic of Pocahontas, and you can see those classic characters." Kathryn newton said frankly, "You can feel the detective Pikachu. You can imagine what Pikachu is like in real life. "

Social media word-of-mouth lifted Pokémon Detective Pikachu’s "Meng" unstoppable

The film premiered in Japan on May 3rd, and the word-of-mouth of social media was lifted. As of May 4th, the freshness of rotten tomatoes was 70%, with IMDB score of 8.0, IGN (the largest game entertainment media in the world) score of 8.0 and Yahoo score of 3.94. Word of mouth has soared, and the film not only praised Ryan, "This is a movie that my children will like, and we can watch it together." At the same time, it also captured the hearts of the audience around the world.

　

　

In order to promote animal epidemiological investigation in accordance with the law, master the occurrence regularity of major animal diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and foot-and-mouth disease, judge the occurrence risk and epidemic trend of animal diseases, scientifically evaluate the epidemic situation and prevention and control effect of animal diseases, and improve the prediction and early warning, risk prevention, emergency response ability and prevention and control level of major animal diseases, according to the 2010 National Animal Disease Monitoring Plan, our department organized and formulated the 2010 National Epidemiological Investigation Plan for Major Animal Diseases such as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Foot-and-mouth Disease. It is issued to you, please follow it.

I. Guiding ideology

Promote animal epidemiological investigation in accordance with the law, fully grasp the occurrence regularity of major animal diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and foot-and-mouth disease, scientifically judge the occurrence risk and epidemic trend of animal diseases, systematically evaluate the epidemic situation and prevention and control effect of animal diseases, and continuously improve the forecasting and early warning, risk prevention, emergency response ability and prevention and control level of major animal diseases.

Second, the investigation method

According to different investigation purposes and tasks, the following three investigation methods are set:

(1) Emergency epidemiological investigation

When one of the following situations occurs:

1 suspected or confirmed the occurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza and other major animal diseases;

2. Suspect or confirm the occurrence of exotic animal diseases such as mad cow disease;

3. The epidemic characteristics of major animal diseases such as swine fever have changed obviously;

4. The exterminated diseases such as rinderpest happen again.

The animal husbandry and veterinary administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall timely organize the implementation of on-the-spot, retrospective and follow-up investigations, find risk factors, judge the diffusion trend, evaluate the prevention and control effect, and improve the scientific nature of emergency response to major animal diseases. See Annex 1 for the specific scheme.

(2) Designated epidemiological investigation

China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology and provincial animal epidemic prevention and control institutions should set up epidemiological investigation points in key areas (mainly where the national animal epidemic monitoring station and the border epidemic monitoring station are located), continuously monitor the changes of risk factors in animal breeding, immunization, circulation and slaughter, and combine the serological and pathogenic monitoring results of specific animal diseases to predict the epidemic development trend, evaluate the effect of epidemic prevention and control, and improve the pertinence of prevention and control work. See Annex 2 for the specific scheme.

(3) Special epidemiological investigation

In view of the specific problems encountered in the prevention and control of major animal diseases, China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology and relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions timely launched special investigations and studies to provide decision-making consultation for animal husbandry and veterinary authorities. See Annex 3 for the specific scheme.

Third, the division of responsibilities

(1) The Ministry of Agriculture shall be in charge of the national epidemiological investigation of animal diseases, formulate and publish the national epidemiological investigation plan of animal diseases according to the national prevention and control situation, and organize its implementation. The Epidemiology Sub-committee of the National Committee of Experts on Animal Epidemic Prevention undertakes the examination and approval, demonstration, consultation and technical support of the national animal epidemic epidemiological investigation plan and important investigation conclusions.

(two) the competent departments of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall, in accordance with this plan, formulate work plans within their respective jurisdictions in light of local actual conditions. Provincial animal epidemic prevention and control institutions shall implement the epidemiological investigation within their respective jurisdictions, and supervise and guide the epidemiological investigation of national animal epidemic monitoring stations and border epidemic monitoring stations within their respective jurisdictions. The provincial animal epidemiological investigation expert group undertakes technical support and training within its jurisdiction.

(three) the epidemiological investigation task force set up by the animal disease prevention and control institutions at the city and county levels shall specifically implement the epidemiological investigation work within their respective jurisdictions. The national animal epidemic monitoring station and the border epidemic monitoring station shall, in accordance with the requirements of this plan, undertake the epidemiological investigation and evaluation of animal diseases in the designated area and submit the epidemiological investigation information regularly.

(4) The China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology coordinates the sub-centers and relevant veterinary laboratories, and undertakes the epidemiological investigation, analysis and evaluation, technical guidance and training of major animal diseases in China; Summarize the national epidemiological investigation and testing data, and organize the drafting of epidemiological investigation and evaluation reports. Sub-centers and relevant veterinary laboratories shall undertake or participate in the investigation, detection, analysis and evaluation of animal diseases respectively in accordance with the provisions of this plan. When necessary, the relevant veterinary laboratories shall participate in the epidemiological investigation of major animal diseases according to the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture.

Fourth, the job requirements

(1) Strengthen leadership and clarify responsibilities.Local animal husbandry and veterinary departments at all levels should strengthen leadership, formulate work plans within their respective jurisdictions as soon as possible, coordinate relevant departments to incorporate the required funds into local fiscal budgets, and incorporate epidemiological investigation into the key work of animal epidemic prevention assessment; Ensure that animal disease prevention and control institutions organize epidemiological investigations, and coordinate animal husbandry and veterinary technology extension institutions and animal health supervision institutions to provide data on animal husbandry production and quarantine supervision. All fixed-point contact working groups should strengthen supervision and inspection of epidemiological investigations in various places. If the organization, responsibility mechanism and technical force are not fully implemented, informed criticism should be carried out. Those who affect the prevention and control of major animal diseases and cause the spread of the epidemic should be investigated for responsibility according to law.

(2) Scientific, standardized and coordinated.Local animal disease prevention and control institutions at all levels shall, in accordance with the scope, procedures and requirements specified in Annex 1, conduct emergency epidemiological investigations in a comprehensive, standardized and timely manner; China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center shall, in accordance with the tasks specified in Annexes 2 and 3, strengthen the integration of resources according to the monitoring scope specified in the 2010 National Animal Disease Monitoring Plan, coordinate the sub-centers, relevant professional laboratories, local animal disease prevention and control institutions at all levels and national animal epidemic monitoring and reporting stations (border monitoring stations), and carry out fixed-point investigations and special investigations in an orderly manner.

(3) Strengthen technical support and improve the communication mechanism.China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology should further improve the database of animal epidemiology, timely develop relevant investigation software, mature investigation and evaluation technology, establish training programs, and strengthen technology popularization; Strengthen epidemiological analysis and evaluation, and report the progress of epidemiological investigation to the Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture in a timely manner. Provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions should improve the epidemiological investigation, analysis and evaluation and work report mechanism, and improve the technical support capacity in a planned way. City and county animal epidemic prevention and control institutions should carry out epidemiological investigation systematically and standardly, timely and accurately submit information, conduct regular assessment, and provide technical support for animal epidemic prediction and early warning and emergency response. Each sub-center shall report the progress of the investigation to China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center in a timely manner according to the requirements of this plan.

China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center and its sub-centers, after conducting epidemiological investigation, should exchange opinions and results on epidemiological investigation with relevant provinces in time.

V. Others

China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology should, before March, jointly with relevant parties, draft a specific implementation plan for fixed-point epidemiological investigation and special epidemiological investigation, which will be considered and adopted by the Epidemiology Branch Committee of the National Committee of Experts on Animal Epidemic Prevention and approved by the Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture, and organized and implemented as soon as possible.

　

Annex 1: Work Program of Emergency Epidemiological Investigation

　　　　 2. Fixed-point epidemiological investigation work plan

　　　　 3. Special epidemiological investigation work plan

　

Attachment 1:

Work plan of emergency epidemiological investigation

　

I. Scope

Suspect or confirm the occurrence of the following circumstances, the provincial veterinary administrative department shall organize the animal epidemic prevention and control institutions in this province to start the emergency epidemiological investigation according to the requirements of this scheme, and fill in the emergency epidemic questionnaire in time:

(1) Highly pathogenic avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, highly pathogenic porcine blue ear disease, anthrax and rabies;

(two) the incidence or epidemic characteristics of major animal diseases such as swine fever, Newcastle disease, brucellosis, tuberculosis and bluetongue have changed abnormally;

(3) Exotic animal diseases such as Petit Ruminant, Mad Cow Disease and African Classical Swine Fever;

(four) rinderpest, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and other eliminated diseases occur again;

(five) new cases such as swine influenza A (H1N1) and other epidemics with outbreaks or unknown causes.

Second, the purpose and task

(1) Defining the occurrence of epidemic diseases;

(two) to explore the causes and risk factors;

(three) analysis of the possible diffusion range;

(four) forecast the epidemic outbreak or epidemic trend, and put forward suggestions on control measures;

(5) Evaluate the effect of control measures.

Third, the working procedure

(a) the county-level animal disease prevention and control institutions shall immediately verify the information, conduct a preliminary investigation and report the epidemic situation according to the regulations after receiving the report of suspected emergency epidemic situation.

After receiving the report, the provincial veterinary administrative department immediately organized the provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions to carry out on-site epidemiological investigation.

(2) After further verifying the situation, the field investigators shall collect relevant information in detail, comprehensively and accurately according to the requirements of the corresponding emergency epidemiological questionnaire (Schedules 1-6) and fill in the questionnaire.

(3) On-site investigators shall, according to the investigation, describe the current situation of animal epidemic (space, time and inter-group distribution, etc.), analyze the source of epidemic, judge the development trend of epidemic, put forward suggestions on control measures, and form an investigation and evaluation report. When the spread of the epidemic is suspected, follow-up investigation should be carried out in high-risk areas.

(four) the provincial epidemiological investigation expert group shall review the investigation and evaluation report and its conclusions formed by the on-site investigators.

(five) when necessary, the China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology and related sub-centers shall send an expert group to carry out on-site epidemiological investigation, and organize special investigations such as economic losses and assessment of prevention and control measures.

Fourth, the job requirements

(a) the provincial epidemiological investigation expert group shall review the investigation and evaluation report and its conclusions formed by the on-site investigators, and the audit opinions shall serve as an important basis for lifting the blockade of major animal epidemics.

(two) before the blockade of the epidemic situation is lifted, the provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions shall report the audit opinions of the epidemiological questionnaire, the on-site investigation and evaluation report and the provincial epidemiological investigation expert group to the China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center for the record.

(III) China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology should improve the software of emergency epidemiological investigation as soon as possible, do a good job in technology popularization, make timely assessment of emergency measures and diffusion risks of emergency epidemic, summarize and analyze epidemic laws, and regularly report to the Veterinary Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture.

(four) local animal disease prevention and control institutions at all levels should make clear that the person in charge of animal epidemiology questionnaire is responsible for the work.

　

Attachment 2:

Work plan of fixed-point epidemiological investigation

　

I. Routine epidemiological investigation

The national animal epidemic monitoring station and the border animal epidemic monitoring station shall, in accordance with the requirements of this plan, do a good job in the investigation of animal husbandry production, animal immunity, slaughtering and processing and livestock and poultry prices (reflecting the circulation of animals) in the county where they are located, and analyze the development trend of local epidemic situation in combination with the monitoring data of major local animal diseases.

The national animal epidemic monitoring stations and border animal epidemic monitoring stations shall regularly submit the following epidemiological investigation information to the provincial animal epidemic prevention and control institutions and the China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology.

(1) Fill in the information on dog breeding and rabies immunization in 2009 before April 30 (see Schedule 7 for the report format);

(two) before June 30, fill in the information of animal husbandry production and slaughter processing in 2009 (see Annex 8 for the report format);

(three) before the end of each month, fill in the price information of livestock and poultry from the 21st of last month to the 20th of this month (see Table 9 for the report format);

(4) Submit the annual work report before December 15th.

Second, the provincial designated epidemiological investigation

The competent animal husbandry and veterinary departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) shall, according to the actual situation of prevention and control of major local animal diseases, formulate the designated epidemiological investigation plan within their respective jurisdictions, and establish and improve the working mechanism of designated epidemiological investigation.

Animal disease prevention and control institutions in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should set up epidemiological investigation points according to diseases, regularly carry out fixed-point investigations on major poultry diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and Newcastle disease, major livestock diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, swine fever and porcine blue ear disease, and major zoonosis such as animal brucellosis and tuberculosis, and analyze the epidemic development trend within their respective jurisdictions in combination with the situation of animal husbandry production, animal immunization, slaughter and processing and livestock and poultry circulation in this province, and report to animals in China before December 20.

Third, the national sentinel epidemiological survey

(1) Fixed-point investigation of poultry epidemics

1.Purpose.To understand the immunity, infection and pathogen variation of avian influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, infectious bursal disease, viral arthritis, and major immunosuppressive diseases such as subtype J leukemia, reticuloendotheliosis and Marek’s disease in China.

2.Range.In Jilin, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Ningxia, Guangdong, Hainan and other 12 provinces, three counties (cities, districts) where animal epidemic monitoring stations are located are selected as designated investigation points.

3.Method of investigation.① Investigation of clinical healthy poultry flocks: Seven sampling points (three scale farms, one administrative village and three live poultry trading markets) were selected from each investigation point, and swabs and serum samples of 30 poultry were collected simultaneously for testing, which was carried out once in March-May and September-November respectively. ② Investigation of sick birds: According to the clinical symptoms and the detection requirements of suspected epidemic diseases, the designated investigation provinces or counties collected samples of suspected sick birds and sent them to China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center for detection.

4.Undertaking unit.China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center and relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions jointly implemented.

(2) Investigation of swine epidemic disease

1.Purpose.Master the development trend of swine epidemic disease; To monitor the molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution of the main pathogens of swine epidemic diseases.

2.Range.In Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan, Sichuan and other 10 provinces and regions to carry out fixed-point epidemiological investigation.

3.Way.① Investigation of clinical healthy pigs: According to the principle of representativeness, five slaughterhouses (1 provincial capital city, 2 prefecture-level cities and 2 county-level cities) were selected in each province to carry out epidemiological investigation and sampling detection, and 15 serum and tissue samples were collected from each slaughterhouse simultaneously, which was carried out once in March-May and September-November respectively. ② Investigation of diseased pigs: Each province shall submit at least 25 samples of diseased pigs to China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology every six months. When necessary, China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology will conduct special epidemiological investigation and detection in relevant provinces according to the epidemic situation.

4.Undertaking unit.China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Lanzhou Sub-center, animal disease prevention and control institutions of relevant provinces.

(3) Fixed-point investigation of swine flu

1.Purpose.Monitor the epidemic dynamics of swine flu and the genetic evolution of the pathogen.

2.Range.Investigation on epidemic diseases in the same pig herd.

3.Ways and means.Five slaughterhouses (one in the provincial capital city, two in the prefecture-level city and two in the county-level city) and three pig farms were selected to carry out epidemiological investigation and sampling inspection in the key areas of pig raising in each province. 15 serum and nasal swabs were collected simultaneously in each slaughterhouse and pig farm, and were carried out once in March-May and September-November respectively. Every six months, all provinces send 25 samples of suspected sick pigs with influenza to China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology. When necessary, China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology will conduct special epidemiological investigation and detection in relevant provinces according to the epidemic situation.

4.Undertaking unit.China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center and relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions.

(4) Investigation on animal brucellosis and tuberculosis

1.Purpose.To understand the infection and incidence of brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis in dairy cows and sheep, and analyze the epidemic characteristics and risk factors.

2.Range.In Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xizang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Zhejiang, Shandong, Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and other 16 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), three national animal epidemic monitoring stations (border epidemic monitoring stations) with a large number of cows and sheep were selected as epidemiological investigation points.

3.Way.① Routine sampling: epidemiological investigation was carried out in the county where the investigation point was located, and 500 blood samples of dairy cows and sheep were collected from free-range households, large-scale farms and slaughterhouses in each county for testing. The specific organization and implementation of each province, China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology provides unified training on diagnostic reagents and detection techniques, rechecks positive samples, and summarizes relevant investigation and detection data at the end of the year. ② Collection of disease samples: all provinces collect aborted fetuses from cattle and sheep, cull tuberculosis-positive cattle and diseased cattle lungs or lymph nodes in slaughterhouses, store the diseased materials at -20℃, and send them to the monitoring room of China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center for testing regularly (no less than 10 samples per province every year).

(4) Undertaking unit. China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry and the relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control centers have formulated specific work plans and jointly implemented them.

(5) Investigation of schistosomiasis

Shanghai Sub-center should continue to carry out epidemiological investigation and monitoring of schistosomiasis at the designated schistosomiasis monitoring points.

　

Attachment 3:

Work plan of special epidemiological investigation

　

First, the investigation of clinical application of vaccine

(1) Scope. Highly pathogenic porcine blue ear disease live vaccine, classical strain porcine blue ear disease vaccine, highly pathogenic porcine blue ear disease inactivated vaccine; Classical swine fever spleen drenching vaccine, classical swine fever primary cell vaccine, classical swine fever subculture cell vaccine; Asia I -O bivalent foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine, O foot-and-mouth disease vaccine (including inactivated vaccine and synthetic peptide vaccine).

(2) indicators. Clinical application scope, safety, effectiveness, etc.

(3) scope. ① Classical swine fever vaccine and porcine blue ear disease vaccine: carried out in 11 provinces and regions such as Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan and Sichuan; ② Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine: carried out in 14 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities including Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Henan, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi.

(4) method. The evaluation of porcine blue ear disease vaccine adopts questionnaire survey and field survey; The evaluation of classical swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease vaccines adopts a combination of questionnaire survey, field investigation and sampling detection. Thirty farms are selected for investigation of each classical swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, and a certain number of farms and slaughterhouses are selected for antibody and pathogen monitoring.

(5) Undertaking unit. China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center and relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions jointly implemented.

II. Investigation on the cost of prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza

(1) purpose. Through the sampling survey on the cost of prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza since 2004, this paper makes a retrospective evaluation and economic analysis and evaluation on the prevention and control policy of combining immunization with culling, and provides decision-making consultation on the implementation effect of prevention and control policy.

(2) scope. In Shandong, Henan, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Sichuan and other six provinces, according to the poultry feeding quantity (density), production mode and the principle of regional representation, two counties in each province were selected for sampling investigation.

(3) method. By means of questionnaire survey and on-the-spot investigation and interview, the prevention and control of local avian influenza and the occurrence of related costs (immunization, surveillance, emergency response, etc.) since 2004 were understood.

(4) Undertaking unit. China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology jointly implemented with animal epidemic control institutions in relevant provinces.

Investigation on risk factors of mycoplasma bovis pneumonia

(1) purpose. Through investigation and monitoring activities, the risk factors leading to the occurrence and spread of mycoplasma pneumonia were analyzed, and the countermeasures were put forward.

(2) scope. The survey was conducted in 11 provinces including Shandong, Sichuan, Jilin, Henan, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian and Chongqing. When necessary, the investigation scope extends to other provinces where live cattle are transferred in and out.

(3) method. By means of on-the-spot investigation, sampling inspection and retrospective investigation, the investigation was carried out in farms (households), trading markets and slaughterhouses to master the carrier situation of mycoplasma pneumonia in healthy cattle and the risk factors in circulation and transportation.

(4) Undertaking unit. It is jointly implemented by China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Harbin Sub-center, Huazhong Agricultural University, animal disease prevention and control institutions and animal health supervision institutions in relevant provinces.

4. Epidemiological investigation of echinococcosis in livestock

(1) purpose. To understand the infection situation, risk factors and prevention and control effect of echinococcosis in livestock in western pastoral areas.

(2) scope. In Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, two counties with severe epidemic situation and one county with mild epidemic situation were selected to investigate and sample cattle and sheep (intermediate hosts) and dogs (definitive host).

(3) method. Questionnaire survey, on-site sampling survey and laboratory testing were used to investigate the infection and risk factors of echinococcosis in cattle, sheep and dogs (the specific investigation plan shall be formulated separately).

(4) Undertaking unit. China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry and relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control centers jointly implemented.

5. Epidemiological investigation of yak brucellosis

(1) purpose. To understand the distribution, brucellosis infection and risk factors of yak in some western provinces.

(2) scope. In Gansu, Qinghai, Xizang, Sichuan and other four provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, three national animal epidemic monitoring and reporting stations or border monitoring and reporting stations with large yak breeding were selected to carry out yak brucellosis investigation.

(3) Undertaking unit. China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology is jointly implemented by relevant provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center.

VI. Epidemiological investigation of rabies

(1) purpose. To understand the distribution of domestic dogs and stray dogs, master the immunization status, prevention and control effect and epidemic risk factors of rabies vaccine, and analyze the main problems existing in the prevention and control of rabies.

(2) Scope and method. In Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Shanghai and other eight provinces, each province selects provincial capital cities, two prefecture-level cities and two national animal epidemic monitoring stations (border animal epidemic monitoring stations) as investigation points, and randomly selects a certain number of communities, pet hospitals and dog breeders to conduct on-the-spot investigations and conduct sampling tests when necessary.

(3) Undertaking unit. China Center for Animal Health and Epidemiology is jointly implemented by relevant provincial animal disease prevention and control institutions.

　　This is a war without smoke, not only a group of people and a city are fighting, but also a national cohesion. The more difficult it is, the more you can witness the true feelings of mutual help; The more critical it is, the more we should unite the strength of helping each other in the same boat.

　　The people are the creators of history and the people are real heroes. On the evening of November 9, "Hero People’s Heroes — — The National Report on Advanced Deeds of Fighting COVID-19 Epidemic was broadcast on CCTV, and 13 speakers made reports to the people of the whole country. Among them, there are Academician Zhong Nanshan, winner of the Medal of the Republic, Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, winners of the title of "People’s Heroes", and outstanding representatives such as doctors and volunteers who fought in the front line of anti-epidemic. Of the 13 speakers, 6 are from Hubei, namely Zhang Dingyu, Zhou Ning, Yan Zhanfei, Yin Dian, Gan Ruyi and Ye Jiusi. Their affectionate stories brought people back to that thrilling anti-epidemic struggle and shared the people’s strength of unity.

　　Zhong Nanshan welcomes the prosperous times and should live up to them.

　　Zhong Nanshan, who is over eighty years old, knows that the epidemic situation is severe, but he just squeezed into the dining car and headed for the most dangerous place. At the report meeting, he sent such a message: Welcome to the prosperous times and live up to them!

　　在报告会的现场，他直言，自己只是一个普通的医疗工作者，能够得到“共和国勋章”，非常激动，但更多还是考虑到“责任”两个字。他回忆起9月8日的全国抗击新冠肺炎疫情表彰大会上，习总书记和大家握手交谈的场景，“我跟总书记讲的第一句话是，‘总书记，我要请战！我们一定要争取建立一个更有时效的、更有战斗力的国家突发公共卫生事件防控平台’。”

　　“习总书记对我说，‘很好啊！’这也让我对未来的工作充满了信心。”钟南山说，“生命至上、举国同心、舍生忘死、尊重科学、命运与共”是伟大抗疫精神的高度总结，其中他体会最深的是“生命至上”。

　　报告会现场播出一张照片，是广东援鄂医疗队的几名护士，在得知获批参加援鄂医疗队后，为了减少感染，全部剃了光头，几名女孩在一起非常开心地照了个相。钟南山说，从照片中看到了感动。

　　更让他感慨的是，经过9个月的抗疫洗礼，很多年轻人懂得了人生的追求就是要对国家、对老百姓作出贡献，要报效国家。今年的高考，很多省报考医学的毕业生大幅增加，孩子们知道学医很辛苦，但是他们通过抗疫更懂得了当医生的价值。

　　Zhong Nanshan said: "I am glad to live up to the prosperous times. We are now in a prosperous time and will enter a better prosperous time. We must redouble our efforts to build a prevention and control platform for respiratory diseases and public health emergencies, and contribute to further defeating COVID-19 and preventing and controlling new public health emergencies. "

　　After the defending war in Wuhan, the anti-epidemic heroes from all fronts gathered here and were described by Academician Zhong Nanshan as "the gathering of old friends". "I am very happy because our goals are the same." Zhong Nanshan said: "We can’t stop here, because the epidemic situation is still serious, especially in the surrounding areas, so we should make more efforts in scientific research and prevention and control, and contribute more to the world."

　　People in Wuhan, Zhang Boli are all heroes.

　　"The white armor is 100,000, and the war is raging in March. The central government has helped the economy, and the whole country is United, and the Chinese and Western countries have coordinated prevention and control, and the world is hot and cold." At the report meeting, Academician Zhang Boli read "Qingpingle People’s Talented Heroes" with deep affection.

　　On September 8th this year, Zhang Boli was awarded the honorary title of "People’s Hero". After learning the news, he filled in a word — — Qingpingle People are Heroes. Zhang Boli said: "The people of Wuhan have made great sacrifices and provided valuable experience for other provinces and cities in China, so I say that the people of Wuhan are heroes."

　　Zhang Boli, who underwent gallbladder surgery, was supposed to stay in bed for rest, but insisted on turning around. He teased himself that he was "treating Wuhan people with sincerity". "The 1.4 billion people of China are united in their efforts to help each other and build an iron wall against the epidemic. We won this victory not by a few of us, but by the people of the whole country. " At the report meeting, he commented on the volunteers in Wuhan at the critical moment: "The epidemic came and they came quietly; The anti-epidemic victory, they quietly left. They say that if everyone sweats a little more, it will become timely rain when they gather. "

　　Zhang Boli also told a detail: "In the Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital where I was stationed, the party secretary himself was infected. After recovery, he took the lead in donating plasma and called on hospital colleagues to donate plasma." He said that the people of China are great people, and the people of China are heroic people. The joint efforts of all of us are the key to finally defeating the COVID-19 epidemic.

　　Zhang Dingyu brought the last orange to the hospital.

　　After the outbreak of the epidemic, Zhang Dingyu charged with "gradual freezing" and led the cadres and workers of Jinyintan Hospital to treat more than 2,800 patients.

　　When Zhang Dingyu dragged a stiff leg to the center of the stage, his deep and shallow steps, just like his race against time in the ward before, were a gesture of guarding life.

　　Jinyintan Hospital was the first place to stop the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan. Hospital health workers are in an emergency, security personnel are in an emergency, medical staff are in an emergency, and protective equipment is also in an emergency. There were 257 party member in Jinyintan Hospital, who rushed to the urgent and dangerous posts, and none of them deserted.

　　Zhang Dingyu’s colleague, Tu Shengjin, a doctor in the intensive care unit on the sixth floor of the South, and his wife Cao Shan, who are also nurses in the isolation unit, gave their 11-year-old son to their families, voluntarily giving the hotel room to the medical team in Hubei and the hospital bed to their colleagues. From the beginning of the Lunar New Year, the couple took the car as their home and persisted for nearly a month on the "bed" paved by the car seat.

　　As an infectious disease hospital, there is still a difficult task that cannot be avoided when trying to treat patients, and that is pathological anatomy. Zhang Dingyu said: "What makes us awe is that since February 16, 18 family members have donated the remains of the deceased within one week. Some people have gone, but they have become memories that will never be forgotten. "

　　At the report meeting, Zhang Dingyu said with emotion: "This people-oriented and life-oriented war, though arduous, has won. At this moment, I want to say thank you once again to all the medical staff who help Hubei! "

　　On September 8, Zhang Dingyu was awarded the honorary title of "People’s Hero". He said that he only walked into the Great Hall of the People on behalf of 60 million people in Hubei and 540,000 medical staff in the province.

　　He said: "I am just an ordinary doctor. I did what a doctor should do, but the party and the people gave me such a high honor. Although the illness has brought a lot of inconvenience to my life and work, I feel very happy now, thank you! "

　　After the report, the host came to the stage with a bag of oranges. Zhang Dingyu said that this is an orange from Wuhan and the fruit of the last orange forest in Jinyintan Hospital in the golden autumn. In the future, a new emergency ward building will be built where the orange forest is located. "Although there is no fruit like oranges, our health and wellness cause will produce greater results."

　　Chen Wei sang "Our Soldiers" live.

　　"Our soldiers are different only because we are all wearing simple military uniforms … …” At the report meeting, Academician Chen Wei sang "A Soldier", which was heroic. After experiencing this epidemic, Chen Wei lamented that "Chinese’s spirit can’t be broken, and our Chinese nation will surely live forever".

　　I have experienced an arduous struggle against the epidemic with the people of the whole country, and those volunteers are the ones who moved Chen Wei most. "There are 616 volunteers in the first and second clinical trials, and the oldest subject is Mr. Xiong, 84 years old." Chen Wei remembers that Mr. Xiong Lao once said that he was very moved to see the people who supported Wuhan, but it was better to be moved than to act. He should take part in the fight against the epidemic and make a modest contribution.

　　The unconditional trust and support of the people also gave great encouragement to Chen Wei’s team. During his 113 days in Wuhan, Chen Wei was busy from opening his eyes to three or four o’clock in the morning. Day after day, it is always a state of stepping on the accelerator and rushing forward.

　　"I firmly believe that as long as this momentum is maintained, there will be no invincible Loushanguan and no invincible Lazikou on the road of scientific research." Chen Wei said.

　　Six frontline anti-epidemic workers from Hubei spoke with deep affection.

　　There are no mountains in Vulcan Mountain, but there are people like mountains.

　　At the report meeting on the evening of 9th, there were six frontline workers from Hubei who fought against the epidemic.

　　Zhou Ning, a doctor from tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, told the story of tongji hospital’s "Life Special Team". As the main person in charge of the "Heart Protection Team", he is also an infected person in COVID-19. His "treatment diary" has been read by more than 15 million people.

　　In late January, Zhou Ning was infected with Covid-19 in the process of diagnosis and treatment of patients. He wrote down his experience of home isolation treatment. In a few days, he read more than 15 million and left more than 14,000 messages. Someone left a message backstage saying: I feel much more settled after reading your article.

　　As soon as the quarantine period ended on February 8, Zhou Ning immediately called for a good fight. The next day, as the first batch of medical staff, he came to tongji hospital Optics Valley Campus and worked in ICU for 52 days. In order to see the blood vessels in the patient’s neck clearly, he operated almost face to face. Finally, the patient’s condition improved and ECMO was successfully removed. At the moment of withdrawal, he couldn’t help cheering for the patient: "You are alive, you are alive!" In fact, there are many such fires of life rekindled in ICU.

　　24-year-old Gan Ruyi, like Zhou Ning, is also a doctor, but her battlefield is in the laboratory.

　　On the Spring Festival this year, just after returning to his hometown in Gongan County, Gan Ruyi learned that in order to prevent the spread of the epidemic, Wuhan closed the passage from Han. "The situation is serious. Now, Wuhan needs medical staff most. I must go back and be with my colleagues!" Gan Ruyi said.

　　Recalling the three-day and two-night cycling trip, Gan Ruyi said that he cried while riding. "I rode from the police to Qianjiang, and I got the help of the police. They helped me find a ride to the blood bank in Wuhan Central."

　　After arriving at Fanhu Branch of Jinkou Health Center in Jiangxia District, Wuhan, she briefly reported her parents’ safety, put on protective clothing, and immediately returned to work to assist in the investigation of fever patients. "They all said that because my surname is Gan, I am not afraid of suffering." Gan Ruyi said with a smile.

　　Ye Jiusi of Wuhan Commercial Storage and Transportation Co., Ltd. is a volunteer in Jilin Community, Yongqing Street, Jiang ‘an District, Wuhan. During the epidemic, he shouldered the heavy responsibility of buying medicine for many residents in the community and was affectionately called "the god of medicine" by the people.

　　Ye Jiusi said frankly: "Actually, I am a patient with severe chronic diseases and need to take medicine for a long time." It is precisely because of this that he can better understand the importance of drugs to special patients. On the first day of the volunteer registration system, he signed up as a volunteer.

　　In dozens of days, he traveled dozens of kilometers back and forth every day, riding a broken bike, wearing out several pairs of pants and shoes. He said, "I am a mortal, but I can also send out a glimmer."

　　Yin Dian is a native of Wuhan, a post-80s employee of China Construction Third Bureau. At the busiest time, he fought for 41 hours continuously, and his clothes were covered with mud and paint. "Everyone wants to build the hospital quickly and let the patients live in early."

　　After the official delivery of Huoshenshan Hospital, it was followed by the arrival of doctors and patients. The normal operation of the hospital requires maintenance personnel to do logistics support. On February 3rd, Yin Dian worked continuously for 10 days, and immediately transferred to the position of head of the electromechanical maintenance group of the Second Company of China Construction Third Bureau, leading five other managers and six workers to take charge of the electromechanical maintenance of four wards in the hospital.

　　On the evening of January 23rd, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council decided to build Vulcan Mountain Hospital in Wuhan, which happened to be the jurisdiction where Yan Zhanfei, a policeman from caidian district Branch of Wuhan Public Security Bureau, was located. After getting the news, he made up his mind, "I want to stay and protect Vulcan Mountain!" " He was the first to sign up for duty on the spot.

　　On the first day of the establishment of the police office of Huoshenshan Hospital, he and his colleagues swore: "We are here, please rest assured the people of the whole country!" He remembers a worker whose right thumb was accidentally crushed by construction equipment, but he still wanted to keep working; Another worker, Luo Mingliang, from Yangxin, earned more than 7,000 yuan for six days. As his family was not rich, he bought all his salary and donated it to the frontline medical staff.

　　"Vulcan Mountain has no mountains, but there are people like mountains." Yan Zhanfei summed up the "spirit of Vulcan Mountain" in such words.

　　CCTV reporter Dong Qian recalled the most difficult interview.

　　At the report meeting, Dong Qian, a reporter from CCTV, reviewed the 95-day interview in Wuhan’s anti-epidemic front line.

　　"In 95 days, I interviewed many people. One of the most difficult interviews was with a wife who just lost her husband. She is the head nurse of the intensive care unit, Cai Liping. Her husband is Liu Zhiming, dean of Wuchang People’s Hospital in Wuhan. " Dong Qian said that in the ward where Cai Liping is in charge, there are more than 20 young doctors in their early twenties, who are the same age as her children. As a mother, who wants to send their children to the front? However, these children dressed in white are soldiers and can only move forward. At this time, Cai Liping must be by their side, give them encouragement and set an example for them. Meanwhile, her husband had a narrow escape in another ICU. Every day, Cai Liping sends her husband a WeChat. Are you okay? Do you want me to accompany you? Liu Zhiming said to his wife, I’m fine. Don’t come. Later, Cai Liping saw from Liu Zhiming’s WeChat that Liu Zhiming told his doctors and classmates: I can’t breathe like drowning, and I feel so bad.

　　Dong Qian said: "Cai Liping sat opposite me and told me that I have always been observant and considerate of my patients; I put myself in my colleagues’ shoes. Why am I so ignorant at this time, when my husband needs me most! "

　　Dong Qian sighed with emotion, just like Cai Liping, there are many doctors and nurses who rushed to the forefront of the epidemic. They used their bodies to stand between you and me and the virus, and Wuhan in the epidemic was the battlefield. "In an interview in Wuhan for more than three months, I am familiar with every day when winter comes and spring comes in this city. Wuhan people and I have experienced every drastic change in the season. As journalists, what we collect and gather is not only information, but also confidence and strength. " (Chutian Metropolis Daily reporter Liu Dingwei Chen Qian Zhang Jianlin correspondent Wang Dan Wang Tiantian)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 9th Title: March courageously towards the great goal set by our party.

　　— — Members and alternate members of the new Central Committee and leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels study and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the sidelights of the seminar on the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　People’s Daily reporter Xu Juan, Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Jichai

　　At the beginning of the new year, Vientiane is renewed. From January 5th to 8th, a seminar was held at the Central Party School for members and alternate members of the new Central Committee and leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to study and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 19th Party Congress. At the opening ceremony on the morning of 5th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, profoundly expounding such major issues as persisting in and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics consistently, promoting the new great project of Party building consistently, enhancing the sense of hardship and preventing risks and challenges consistently.

　　The important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary aroused strong repercussions among the participants in the seminar. Through listening to speeches, conducting self-study, group discussions and class exchanges, the newly-appointed members and alternate members of the Central Committee, the main responsible comrades of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, relevant departments of the central and state organs, and the main responsible comrades of major military units and departments of the Central Military Commission have further enhanced their confidence and determination in upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation.

　　The trainees said that the "1.5" important speech by the Supreme Leader General Secretary runs through lofty ideals and beliefs, strong mission, distinctive theoretical character and deep feelings for the people. It is the best guidance for learning and understanding the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It not only reflects the deep concern and love for members of the Central Committee and senior leading cadres, but also puts forward new requirements, so that everyone deeply feels the power of core, truth and faith.

　　Raise the flag for orientation — — Adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s declaration.

　　As a big party with a 97-year history of leading the people in a great social revolution, how can we achieve the ultimate victory of this social revolution? In his speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is the result and continuation of the great social revolution led by our party, and it must be carried on consistently. To realize the historical mission of the Party in the new era in the new historical position, the most fundamental thing is to hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　Focusing on the important speech made by the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the opening ceremony, the students were divided into 18 groups to discuss and exchange ideas, and to talk about their own experiences and understanding. Some central leading comrades also participated in the discussion and exchange with the students.

　　A student from the discipline inspection and supervision system said, "Both history and reality tell us that it often takes a long historical process for a social revolution to achieve final victory. Socialism with Chinese characteristics didn’t fall from the sky, but was a valuable achievement made by the Party and the people through painstaking efforts and at various costs. It is extremely difficult to get this result and must be cherished. "

　　Only by looking back at the road we have traveled, comparing other people’s roads, overlooking the road ahead, and figuring out where we came from and where we are going, can we see many problems deeply and accurately.

　　"The new era is a new era in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, not any other new era. We are in the process of pushing stones up the mountain and climbing the hill. Every Chinese is a builder and sharer of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. No matter what risks, challenges, difficulties and obstacles we encounter on the road ahead, we cannot shake our ideals and beliefs about Socialism with Chinese characteristics. " A student said.

　　As Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, it is becoming the banner of the development of scientific socialism in the 21st century and the mainstay of the revitalization of world socialism.

　　A student from the western region said: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great achievements are groundbreaking and historic contributions to scientific socialism. We must be more determined ‘ Four self-confidences ’ Firmly establish the belief of unremitting struggle to win new victories in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and make greater historical contributions to the new development of scientific socialism. "

　　Revolutionary people are always young.

　　In his speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader inculcated, Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission, and don’t forget that we are from communist party, we are revolutionaries, and don’t lose the revolutionary spirit.

　　Everyone agrees that in order to achieve the prosperity and long-term stability of the Party and the country, all Party comrades must maintain the revolutionary spirit and fighting spirit, have the courage to carry forward the great social revolution that our Party has led the people for 97 years, never be proud of victory, never slacken off because of achievements, never shrink back because of difficulties, and strive to make Socialism with Chinese characteristics show a stronger and more convincing force of truth.

　　Self-revolution — — Mobilization order to further promote the new great project of party building

　　"To carry out the great social revolution of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, our party must be brave in self-revolution and build the party stronger." At the opening ceremony, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader deeply explained the extreme importance of consistency in promoting the new great project of party building, and showed the self-revolutionary courage and political consciousness of the Marxist ruling party.

　　"Under the long-term ruling conditions of the party, we have solved the outstanding problems of the party with the spirit of self-revolution, and grasped the foundation of promoting the new great project of party building in the new era." A student from the military system said that the effect of grasping whether the party building has revolutionary spirit is very different. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reason why the accumulated disadvantages in the Party can be effectively solved lies in the fact that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core leads the whole Party to carry forward the spirit of self-revolution, dare to cut the blade inward, dare to cure the poison, and dare to break the wrist of a strong man.

　　Study, think, discuss and communicate … … The campus of the Central Party School in winter is filled with a strong research atmosphere. In the dormitory, the students taught themselves late into the night and prepared their own group speeches. Some students wrote several pages of speech outlines in their notebooks.

　　To strictly manage the party in an all-round way, we must seize the "key minority". In his speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward "five excellent" requirements for senior leading cadres — — Excellent faith, politics, responsibility, ability and style.

　　Students have said that after listening, they feel deeply educated and deeply touched. The "five excellent" has grasped the key problem of the construction of the party’s senior leading cadres, which has a strong realistic pertinence and should be implemented to the letter.

　　"The most important thing is to have a strong belief, and always take the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era as a motto, a desk volume and a necessary book, and work hard to learn and understand it, which is really used to arm the mind and guide the work. The most fundamental thing is to be politically sound, take a clear-cut stand on politics, resolutely safeguard the core position of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership. " A student said.

　　"party member, an outstanding communist in history, has struggled for his ideals all his life. His head can be broken, his blood can flow, and his faith cannot be changed. Only when the faith is excellent can you forget yourself; Only when you have a strong belief will you not be captured by sugar-coated shells. ""There is politics, direction, image and personality in the trivial section, ‘ Five excellent ’ We must start from specific things, and only by breaking down the details can we put ‘ Five excellent ’ Implement "… …

　　In the group discussion and exchange, the students put themselves in one after another and talked about their understanding and thinking in depth against the requirements of "five excellent". Everyone unanimously said that the intensive study these days is not only a reunification of ideas, but also a re-education of party spirit.

　　Sober and calm — — A warning course to enhance the sense of hardship and improve the ability to guard against risks and challenges

　　"The road ahead cannot be smooth sailing. The more achievements you make, the more cautious you must be, and the more you must be prepared for danger in times of peace. You must never make strategic and subversive mistakes." In his speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader issued a profound warning to the whole party to enhance the sense of hardship and guard against risk challenges.

　　Be prepared, for the country.

　　Combined with their respective fields of work, the students have combed and analyzed the current risk challenges, found reasons, talked about countermeasures and plans.

　　A student from the central region said, "The speech of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader reflects a strong sense of urgency, reminding us not only to start a new journey with confidence, but also to guard against various risks on the way forward. In the face of achievements, we must keep a clear head, overcome difficulties, adhere to the bottom line thinking, and never make mistakes that may delay or interrupt the great rejuvenation process of the Chinese nation. "

　　"Always maintaining a sense of urgency and always avoiding arrogance and rashness is a sign that a political party is maturing." A student from the central state organs said that the first of the "three major battles" is to prevent and resolve major risks, including financial risks. In accordance with the spirit of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference, we must resolutely prevent the occurrence of systemic financial risks and investigate the hidden debts of local governments.

　　A student from Northeast China said that it is necessary to judge the performance and degree of risks in his own area one by one, analyze the reasons one by one, predict the trend one by one, formulate plans one by one, and digest and solve them one by one, so as to try to solve the risks in the bud or in the process of development, or to control them in a controllable range and create conditions before solving them when the time is ripe. It is necessary to be highly vigilant against both the "black swan" incident and the "grey rhinoceros" incident.

　　The times are the authors, we are the respondents and the people are the reviewers.

　　"Socialism with Chinese characteristics is an inevitable choice for the social development of modern China, for China to realize modernization, and for creating a happy and beautiful life for the people." A new student in the Central Committee said that the Millennium plan is only a matter of time, and national affairs must be done in detail. We must do all the work well with the responsibility of giving up others, and devote ourselves to the cause with the spirit of time and no time.

　　In the new era, the horn blows and the drums are used to urge the levy.

　　The four-day seminar ended and a brand-new journey began. The students went to their posts with more enthusiasm and firmer confidence, and showed a new atmosphere with new actions. In accordance with the direction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era and the guidance of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, they constantly opened up a new situation in the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and bravely advanced towards the great goals set by our party.

From October 26 to 29, 2015, the fifth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　The Fourth Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress and the Fourth Session of the Twelfth National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference will be held in Beijing on March 5 and March 3, 2016 respectively. As a grand blueprint for China’s economic and social development and a program of action for the people of all ethnic groups in China, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" will undoubtedly become a topic of great concern for the two sessions.

　　From the strategic layout of "Chinese Dream" to "Four Comprehensiveness", from the great judgment of "three-phase superposition" to "the new normal of economic development", from the economic guidance of "firmly establishing five development concepts" to "moderately expanding total demand while focusing on strengthening supply-side structural reform" … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has been far-sighted, taking the overall situation into consideration, put forward new ideas, new concepts and new strategies for governing the country, and formed a series of expositions on economic work with great guidance, foresight and pertinence from the stage characteristics of China’s economic development. These discourses fully embody the overall, systematic, ecological and realistic view of the supreme leader’s economy, and its core essence is nothing more than these eight words — — Coordinated development and overall consideration.

From November 24 to 26, 2015, the supreme leader was at the Central Military Commission Reform Work Conference.

　　coordinated development

　　Coordinated development is the key to development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. It is not only a development means, but also a development goal, and it is also a standard and yardstick for evaluating development.

　　The supreme leader has repeatedly stressed the importance of coordinated development. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee focused on the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and put forward the concept of "coordinated development". The supreme leader pointed out: "Next is good ‘ Thirteenth Five-Year Plan ’ Coordinated development is the key to success in a national chess game developed during the period. "

　　To adhere to coordinated development and take root in the overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause, the key lies in handling the major relations in the development process, which are embodied in promoting coordinated regional development, coordinated urban and rural development, and coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization.

From November 27 to 28, 2015, the top leaders were at the Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Work Conference.

　　Promoting regional coordinated development lies in shaping a new pattern of regional coordinated development with orderly and free flow of factors, effective constraint of main functions, equal basic public services and bearable resources and environment.

　　The Supreme Leader pointed out: "Coordinated regional development is an important part of overall development, which is closely related to coordinated urban and rural development. The imbalance of regional development has the effect of economic laws, but the excessive regional gap is also a political issue that needs attention. Regional coordinated development is not an average development or isomorphic development, but a differentiated coordinated development with complementary advantages. "

　　Promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas lies in improving the system and mechanism of urban and rural development integration, improving the long-term mechanism of rural infrastructure investment, promoting the extension of urban public services to rural areas, and improving the level of building a new socialist countryside.

　　"Urban and rural integration should be well coordinated, and issues such as the flow of people, layout and social development in urban and rural integration should be well planned." The Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed: "The linkage between urban and rural areas is to break the dual structure of urban and rural areas, combine the development of block economy with the promotion of urbanization, promote the coordinated development of regional economy, and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas."

　　Promoting the coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization lies in accelerating cultural reform and development, strengthening the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, building a socialist cultural power, strengthening ideological and moral construction and social integrity construction, enhancing national awareness, rule of law awareness and social responsibility awareness, advocating scientific spirit and carrying forward Chinese traditional virtues.

　　Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out that to correctly handle the relationship between material civilization and spiritual civilization with a dialectical, comprehensive and balanced view, only when the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization is well done, the material and spiritual strength of the country is enhanced, and the material and spiritual lives of people of all ethnic groups in China are improved, can the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics move forward smoothly.

From December 20 to 21, 2015, the top leaders worked in the central city.

　　协调发展符合马克思主义哲学思想，是发展两点论和重点论的统一，是发展平衡和不平衡的统一，是发展短板和潜力的统一。贯彻落实习总书记重要思想，要学会运用辩证法，善于“弹钢琴”，处理好局部和全局、当前和长远、重点和非重点的关系。

　　统筹兼顾

　　最高领袖指出，谋划“十三五”时期发展，要清醒认识面临的风险和挑战，把难点和复杂性估计得更充分一些，把各种风险想得更深入一些，把各方面情况考虑得更周全一些，搞好统筹兼顾。

　　十八大以来，以最高领袖同志为总书记的党中央坚持实践创新、理论创新，协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持统筹国内国际两个大局，毫不动摇坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，党和国家各项事业取得了新的重大成就。

　　“统筹兼顾是中国共产党的一个科学方法论。它的哲学内涵就是马克思主义辩证法。”最高领袖指出，“十三五”期间，我们要做好经济与社会、城乡区域、人与自然、国内国外、政治经济文化、新“四化”、政府与市场、经济建设与国防建设等重大关系的协调发展，以确保如期全面建成小康社会。他强调：“涉及经济、政治、文化、社会发展各个领域，其根本要求是统筹兼顾。”

　　The key to overall consideration is to coordinate interests.

　　Regional development needs overall planning. The economic development in the eastern region of China is relatively fast, and the four major cities of "North, Guangzhou and Shenzhen" are facing new problems in the development of large urbanization; Many first-tier cities along the coast have benefited from the policies of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and actively applied for the construction of free trade zones. The development of the central and western regions is relatively backward, which has great development potential and space.

　　Urban and rural development needs overall planning. Urban development should be scientifically planned and reasonably constructed to avoid disorderly and repeated construction, especially in densely populated cities.

　　The development of material civilization and spiritual civilization needs to be coordinated. With the rapid development of cities, planning and construction should protect the historical and cultural heritage, develop Chinese and Western medicine together, encourage the inheritance and innovation of Chinese medicine, and respect the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, which is the concrete embodiment of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s patriotism and the concrete practice of the unity of patriotism and socialism.

On January 18, 2016, the top leaders studied and implemented the opening ceremony of the spirit seminar of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee at the provincial and ministerial level.

　　Economic "comprehensive" view

　　From Mao Zedong’s thought of "playing the piano" to Deng Xiaoping’s theory of "two hands" to the supreme leader’s "all-round" view, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s idea and methodology of overall planning and coordinated development have not only been well inherited, but also developed with the times.

　　In 2015, China’s GDP growth rate stabilized to 6.9%. At present, China’s economy is in the stage of structural adjustment, and the labor cost and the carrying capacity of resources and environment have quietly changed. The international market’s demand for China’s economic development has changed, and China’s high-tech development is full of challenges. However, challenges and opportunities coexist, and China’s economy has the potential of high economic growth again on both the demand side and the supply side.

　　On the demand side, the per capita income of China residents is constantly increasing, and there is huge room for growth in consumption, which will become an important driving force for China’s economic growth. Supporting the reform of the residence permit system in cities and the adjustment of taxes and fees for real estate transactions, the China property market shows signs of recovery; China-Australia and China-South Korea FTA are being implemented in stages, and coastal airports have set up duty-free storefronts, and a large number of consumer goods will flood into China; Holiday travel has become the main choice for people’s life and leisure. During the Spring Festival holiday, domestic famous scenic spots are full of tourists, and overseas travel and purchasing are also in full swing. The consumption of new youth groups, mainly those born after 1990s and 00, has increased rapidly in cinema lines and electronic products … … China’s enterprise investment also has a broad growth space. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council, with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary, encourage China’s powerful enterprises and excellent technology to "go global". China-Africa cooperation has a long history. The development strategy of "Belt and Road" has deepened the friendship and cooperation between China and Middle Eastern countries. The Asian Investment Bank has been officially listed and formal investment projects will be implemented soon.

　　At the same time, enterprises with excellent high-tech have also gained a foothold overseas. China high-speed rail technology, China nuclear energy technology, China communication power technology and so on are all technology-oriented, driving China enterprises to invest abroad.

　　On the supply side, China’s economy is upgrading and adjusting its industrial structure, striving to change the economic structure dominated by labor output value and gradually increase the proportion of technology output value and capital output value in the economic structure; Change the growth mode that relied on quantity and labor force in the past, and turn to the growth mode that relied on quality and capital technology. In terms of capital growth, the demographic dividend of China’s economic and social labor force has been gradually relaxed. There are more than 200 million young people born in the 1980s, and more than 100 million young people born in the 1990s and after 00. The relative reduction of the young and middle-aged population has brought rapid growth opportunities to China’s savings and capital markets. In terms of technological growth, the innovation-driven development strategy is leading the vigorous development of high-tech in China, attracting domestic and foreign capital to invest in high-tech enterprises and strengthening international cooperation and development.

　　On January 29th, 2016, during the 30th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the Supreme Leader emphasized: "Accurately grasp the strategic priorities of China’s development, make sure that we have a clear idea, implement strategies, and act with strategies. With a promising mental state, the will to fight against difficulties, and the urgency to seize the day, we will surely turn the grand blueprint of the 13th Five-Year Plan into reality step by step by grasping the development strategic priorities and driving the overall development."