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Can’t tolerate "unfinished business"

—— The story of Zhang Xueqing, the prosecutor of the Seventh Procuratorate of Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate.

Between officials and the people, administrative procuratorial work plays the role of the last line of defense to safeguard social fairness and justice, and insists on taking law as the basis, convincing people with reasoning, and caring for people. This is the poem and distance of administrative procuratorial work in the new era.

Zhang Xueqing (left) and colleagues discuss administrative non-litigation execution supervision cases.

"Between the officials and the people, the administrative procuratorial work plays the role of the last line of defense to safeguard social fairness and justice, insisting on taking the law as the basis, convincing people by reasoning and emotional people. This is the poem and distance of the administrative procuratorial work in the new era." Zhang Xueqing drew this conclusion from more than 500 cases handled in recent years.

In 2013, Zhang Xueqing was selected from the grass-roots court to work in the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate. As a fourth-level senior prosecutor of the Seventh Procuratorate, she won many honors: she won the third-class merit once and won several awards; In May, 2023, he was awarded the title of "Expert" in the first national procuratorial organ administrative procuratorial business competition.

Solve the problem of accepting the application for administrative non-litigation execution

In 2019, Zhang and Anmou, residents of a certain district in Yuxi City, illegally occupied land without approval, and were given administrative punishment by the Land and Resources Branch of the district to dismantle illegally occupied buildings and other facilities within a time limit and restore the original state of the land. Within the statutory time limit, Zhang and Anmou did not file a reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit, and the District Land and Resources Branch applied to the District Court for enforcement. The district court held that the law gave the administrative organ the power of administrative compulsion to demolish illegal buildings, and ruled that the application for compulsory execution was inadmissible. The District Land and Resources Branch applied to Yuxi Intermediate Court for reconsideration, and the court held that the original ruling of inadmissibility was not improper. District Land and Resources Branch will apply for procuratorial supervision. After examination, Yuxi City Procuratorate held that according to the law, the land department has no enforcement power, so it should not exercise its functions and powers on its behalf, but should apply to the court for enforcement. Therefore, it put forward procuratorial suggestions to Yuxi City Intermediate People’s Court, but they were not adopted. After that, through follow-up supervision, Yuxi City Procuratorate submitted the case to Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate.

As the presiding prosecutor, Zhang Xueqing and Yan Kang, the former head of the Seventh Procuratorate of Yuxi City, formed an up-and-down integrated case-handling team to conduct an in-depth investigation on similar problems in Yuxi City, and found that there were still 75 similar cases with "difficulties in accepting administrative non-litigation enforcement applications". "If you can’t handle the case, you must carry out the right of investigation and verification throughout." Zhang Xueqing made up his mind to solve a field and a class of problems through the handling of individual cases.

How to better promote social governance in administrative procuratorial work? With the decision of the Procuratorate of Yunnan Province, the Seventh Procuratorate of the Institute came forward to negotiate with the relevant departments, and finally reached a consensus: the administrative non-litigation enforcement cases of illegal land occupation on collective land should not be directly enforced by the administrative organs, but should be reviewed by the court after being accepted according to law. The Yunnan Provincial High Court ordered the Yuxi Intermediate Court to correct itself, revoke the ruling that the two courts refused to accept the case, re-accept the case for review, and investigate 75 unaccepted cases to further standardize the issue of "separation of adjudication and enforcement".

Due to the good handling effect, the case was selected as an excellent case by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate.

Seeking a good solution to the 18-year administrative dispute

234 people, such as Li, a retired employee of the former state-owned mining enterprise in Wenshan, have made more than 200 letters and visits to the Wenshan Industry and Information Department and the Letters and Calls Department due to the retirement benefits after the enterprise restructuring in 2003, and the contradictions and disputes have never been resolved. Subsequently, Li and others filed an administrative lawsuit on the grounds that Wenshan Prefecture government failed to perform its administrative obligations. After the first trial, second trial and retrial, the case was ruled inadmissible on the grounds that it did not belong to the scope of accepting the case. Li and others refused to accept it and applied to the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate for supervision in 2019.

After research and judgment, the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate held that the case was a dispute over enterprise restructuring, and it was not improper for the court to decide not to accept it. However, can the parties accept such a result? Moreover, among the retired employees involved in the case, in addition to 234 people who filed a lawsuit, there are also more than 300 people who have not filed a lawsuit. If we simply decide not to support the application for supervision, there will be a situation of "unfinished business" and "officials can’t help the people", and the major contradictions and disputes involving hundreds of people, which lasted for more than ten years and amounted to tens of millions of yuan have not been resolved.

The Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate decided that Zhang Xueqing would be the presiding prosecutor of the case, and formed a case-handling team with Yang Zhiping of the Provincial Academy and Rao Hongjia of Wenshan Prefecture Procuratorate, and sank to Wenshan Prefecture to "face-to-face answer questions" and "heart-to-heart communication" with the old employees. At first, the old workers didn’t trust the young team sent by the procuratorate, but after three days of careful communication between the prosecutor and the parties, the old workers finally established initial trust.

In the meantime, Zhang Xueqing took the case-handling team members to travel between Kunming and Wenshan seven times, and explained the law on the spot for more than 60 times. Through repeated discussions on the facts of the case and the application of the law, both the old workers and enterprises expressed their willingness to settle. After comprehensively considering the treatment of retired workers and the current situation of enterprise development, the parties signed a settlement agreement. The case eventually led enterprises to pay more than 49 million yuan of retirement benefits to retired employees, and the 18-year administrative dispute was effectively resolved.

Lay a solid foundation for theoretical investigation of administrative procuratorial work.

In 2019, Zhang Xueqing took the lead in carrying out the special activities of administrative inspection and supervision of migrant workers’ wages. By establishing a normalized working mechanism with the Yunnan Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, it provided institutional guarantee for grassroots procuratorates to effectively carry out special supervision on rectifying wages owed to migrant workers and protect their legitimate rights and interests.

On the eve of the Spring Festival in 2018, the procuratorate of a district in Yuxi received a joint complaint letter from 38 migrant workers’ brothers, claiming that the company owed more than 300,000 yuan in wages and various insurances. The hospital suggested that local social departments strengthen labor law enforcement, and urged the company to pay Chen Mou and other 38 migrant workers wages of 230,000 yuan in time, and pay back some social insurance of 70,000 yuan owed by 38 workers in 2016 and 2017, such as work injury, maternity and medical insurance.

After issuing the procuratorial suggestion, the procuratorial organ actively tracked the handling of the case, and organized and coordinated the District People’s Social Security Bureau, the District Judicial Bureau, the company and Chen Mou to participate in the case hearing. In the end, the company used the financial subsidy of 300,000 yuan to pay the wages and related social insurance expenses of 38 migrant workers, including Chen Mou, and the demands of migrant workers were fully supported.

The problem of migrant workers’ wages has been rectified year after year. What is the problem behind the administrative supervision? What role can the administrative procuratorial department of procuratorial organs play? Through this case, the problem of migrant workers’ asking for wages triggered Zhang Xueqing’s thinking on administrative procuratorial work. Zhang Xueqing began to investigate in the whole province, and wrote a paper "Administrative Procuratorial Supervision Path of Migrant Workers’ Wage-seeking Cases" to solve the problems of irregular labor contract filing, imperfect real-name registration of migrant workers in the construction field, and inadequate payment of labor security deposit, and put forward the countermeasures of administrative procuratorial assistance to eradicate wage arrears. Subsequently, the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate decided to carry out special activities on this topic in the province. At the same time, Zhang Xueqing wrote "Changing the concept and doing administrative procuratorial work with the small special project of migrant workers’ wages as the starting point", which provided an administrative procuratorial supervision plan.

In October 2019, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate deployed a special activity to "strengthen administrative procuratorial supervision and promote substantive resolution of administrative disputes" throughout the country. To this end, from the initial comprehensive investigation to taking the lead in formulating the province’s plan, and then forming a set of unique work experience in Yunnan, Zhang Xueqing went all out to ensure the effectiveness of this work. In October 2020, due to outstanding work performance, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate held a special event supervision promotion meeting in Yunnan Province, and the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate made a home exchange speech, which was fully affirmed by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate.

In 2021, Zhang Xueqing was selected into the list of experts in Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate and Yunnan University’s "Civil, Administrative and Public Interest Litigation Procuratorate Research Base", the list of the first batch of labor relations expert think tanks in Yunnan Province, and the first batch of administrative procuratorial talents in the national procuratorial organs.

(Reporter Xiao Fengzhen)

I. Basic knowledge

1.What is geological disaster?

Geological disasters usually refer to disasters that cause people’s lives or property losses due to geological processes; Natural geological disasters are induced by rainfall, snow melting, earthquakes and other factors; Man-made geological disasters are caused by engineering excavation, stacking, blasting and soil abandonment. Common geological disasters mainly refer to six kinds of disasters related to geological action, such as mountain collapse, landslide, debris flow and ground collapse, ground fissure and ground subsidence, which endanger people’s lives and property safety.

There are four main geological disasters in Guangxi: collapse (including dangerous rocks), landslide, debris flow and ground collapse. This knowledge reader mainly introduces these four kinds of geological disasters.

2.What is the hidden danger point of geological disasters?

Hidden dangers of geological disasters include unstable slopes, potential landslides, potential collapses, potential mudslides and potential ground collapses that may endanger people’s lives and property, as well as landslides, collapses, mudslides and ground collapses that have occurred but are still unstable.

3.What is the hidden danger area of geological disasters?

The hidden danger area of geological disasters refers to the area or section where geological disasters are likely to occur and may cause casualties or property losses under the action of heavy rainfall and human engineering activities.

Second, collapse

1.What is collapse?

Collapse refers to the geological phenomenon that the rock mass or soil mass on the steep slope suddenly breaks away from the mountain under the action of gravity and collapses, rolls and accumulates at the foot of the slope or in the valley. Collapse is also called caving, collapse or collapse.

Collapse can occur in loose soil, bedrock, and where the two kinds of rocks develop together. What happens in the soil is called landslide; What happens in rock mass is called rock collapse.

When the collapse occurs in the mountain and the scale is huge, it is also called landslide; When collapse occurs on rivers, lakes or coasts, it is called bank collapse.

2.What is a dangerous rock mass?

Dangerous rock mass refers to the block stone located on the steep hillside and separated by cracks. Some of these stones are very large, and some are just a boulder on a steep slope. Dangerous rock mass may fall from steep hillside due to vibration or rainstorm; Sometimes strong winds may blow unstable boulders down. The situation of dangerous rock mass is common in limestone mountain areas of Guangxi.

3.The harm of collapse to human beings

Collapse often destroys and buries houses and engineering facilities in places where human activities take place, endangering human life and causing property losses.

4.When is it easy to collapse?
(1) In the process of rainfall or slightly delayed. This is the time when the most collapses occur;

(2) During a strong earthquake or aftershock;

(3) In the process of excavating the toe of the slope or lagging behind for a period of time;

(4) The initial stage of reservoir impoundment and the peak period of rivers;

(5) After strong mechanical vibration and big blasting.

5.Which places are prone to collapse?

Generally, the slope that may collapse has the following macroscopic characteristics:

(1) The slope is more than 45 degrees and the height difference is large, or the slope is an isolated mountain mouth or a concave steep slope.

(2) The internal cracks of the slope are developed, and the tensile cracks have developed in the upper part of the slope, and the cracks and cracks cutting the slope are about to penetrate, which makes it separate from the parent body (mountain).

(3) There is an empty space in front of the slope, or there are collapses, which indicates that there have been collapses and they may happen again in the future.

The slope with the above characteristics is the possible collapse, especially when the upper tension cracks continue to expand and widen, the speed increases suddenly, and small falls continue to occur, which indicates that the collapse will happen soon and is in a state of explosive.

The following signs may appear before the collapse:

(1) The cracks in the collapse gradually expand, and the front edge of the dangerous rock mass has the phenomenon of falling and falling, and small collapses and small collapses occur continuously;

(2) New cracks appear on the top of the slope, and an abnormal smell is smelled;

(3) I occasionally hear the sound of tearing and rubbing of rocks;

(4) Abnormal heat, radon, underground water quality, water quantity, etc.

Precursor formula of collapse

The cliff is steep and fractured, and the rockbare/show (one’s teeth)Mouth-shaped;

Small collapses often occur, and the stones with abnormal smells rattle.

When the collapse occurs, if you are outside the scope of the collapse, you must bypass it; If you are under the collapsed body, quickly escape to both sides, the sooner the better; If you feel the ground shaking, you should also immediately flee to the stable areas on both sides.

8.How to prevent collapse

Prevention of collapse:

(1) Don’t build houses, build roads and shelter from the rain under the dangerous rocks on the steep slopes that have not been treated, and don’t climb the dangerous rocks when it rains.

(2) Excavation of pillars in old mines (old kilns) is likely to cause roof collapse disaster, and the mined goaf should be backfilled and the empty mine holes should be buried.

Third, landslides

Landslide refers to the geological phenomenon that the soil or rock mass on the slope slides down the slope as a whole or dispersedly under the action of gravity under the influence of rainfall and rainwater infiltration, river erosion, groundwater activity, earthquake and artificial slope cutting, commonly known as "ground slip", "mountain walk", "mountain collapse", "mountain peeling" and "soil slip".

Landslide is one of the main natural disasters in mountainous areas, which often causes huge losses and even devastating disasters to industrial and agricultural production and people’s lives and property.

The main hazards of landslides in rural areas are destroying farmland and houses, hurting people and animals, destroying forests, roads, agricultural machinery facilities and water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and sometimes even causing devastating disasters to rural areas. Landslides located near towns often bury houses, injure people and animals, destroy fields, and destroy various facilities, resulting in power outages, water cuts, work stoppages, and sometimes even the entire town. Landslides in industrial and mining areas can destroy mine facilities, hurt workers, destroy factories, make mines stop production and often cause heavy losses.

Landslides often cause great harm in water conservancy and hydropower projects, highways, railways, river transportation and marine engineering, and often produce some secondary disasters, which indirectly harm human beings, such as blocking rivers, overflowing upstream rivers or bursting after blocking rivers into lakes, and causing floods; Sometimes, the debris flow is induced by the superposition of rainstorm or flood, which causes more serious damage.

Landslides generally go through four stages from gestation to formation: cracking, creep, sliding and stability.

The time of landslide occurrence is mainly related to various external factors that induce landslide. There are roughly the following rules:

(1) simultaneity. Some landslides move immediately after being affected by inducing factors. Landslides will occur when heavy rains and earthquakes occur and unreasonable human activities, such as excavation and blasting, etc.

(2) Hysteresis. Some landslides occur later than the inducing factors, such as rainfall, snowmelt and human activities. This hysteresis law is most obvious in rainfall-induced landslides. Generally speaking, the looser the landslide, the more developed the cracks and the greater the rainfall, the shorter the lag time. The greater the intensity of human activities and the lower the stability of landslide, the shorter the lag time.

Landslides generally occur in areas with bedding slopes, relatively broken inclined rock masses, large ups and downs of mountains and poor vegetation coverage. The mountainous and hilly areas with frequent engineering construction and rural slope cutting areas are also landslide-prone areas; Earthquakes lead to loose mountains and broken rocks in disaster areas, and landslides are also prone to occur under the action of aftershocks or heavy rains.

6.Precursor of landslide

The precursor characteristics of landslide are obvious, and there are cracks on the hillside;

The foot of the slope is loose or swollen, and there is subsidence in the middle and upper slopes;

Slope buildings are deformed, and trees are as drunk as machete forests;

Water suddenly appears in dry places, and the well water drops and rises from time to time;

There was an abnormal noise in the ground, and the livestock panicked and reacted differently.

When a landslide occurs, you should evacuate from both sides of the landslide boundary and never escape along the sliding direction. If the landslide slides fast, it’s best to hold a big tree still and not let go.

After the landslide happened, it did not stabilize immediately, and it will even continue to happen. Therefore, do not immediately enter the disaster area to search for property.

(1) Do not build roads or houses in landslide areas or areas with landslide risks. The newly selected building site should avoid rivers, lakes (reservoirs) and gullies to cut steep slopes as much as possible;

(2) Excavating soil at the foot of steep slope is easy to induce collapse and landslide;

(3) The retaining wall behind the house must leave drainage holes;

(4) The building should be built at a certain distance by cutting the slope, and the bed should not be placed on the side near the hillside. When it rains heavily at night, attention should be paid to inspecting whether the slope is abnormal, etc.

(5) Building houses on slopes are most likely to cause landslides, so geological personnel should be invited for exploration before excavation;

(6) Houses should be selected as far as possible on or under the slope of the reverse slope (reverse slope means that the slope inclination is opposite to the rock stratum inclination).

IV. Debris flow

Stimulated by water sources such as rainstorm, melting ice and snow, or dam break in reservoirs and ponds, the solid deposits in hillsides or valleys are mixed in the water, flow rapidly downstream along the hillsides or valleys, and accumulate at the foot of hillsides or at the place where they leave the mountain pass, thus forming a debris flow.

Debris flow often erupts suddenly and violently, rushing down the steep ravine. The valley is like thunder, which can carry huge stones and wash a lot of sediment stones out of the ravine in a short time, which is extremely destructive and often does great harm to human life and property.

According to the valley landform, it can be divided into valley debris flow and slope debris flow.

Gully type: it is formed along the valley, and the basin is long and narrow with large scale.

Slope type: Slope terrain, short ditch and steep slope, small scale.

Debris flow is a special torrent with sudden outbreak and short duration in mountainous areas, which contains a lot of solid substances such as sediment and stones and has strong destructive power. The total volume of solid substances generally exceeds 15%, and the highest can reach 80%. The vanguard is a thick and turbid torrent, which forms a "faucet" with a height of several meters to more than ten meters. It has a very strong scouring and carrying capacity and is extremely fast. It can discharge hundreds of thousands or even millions of cubic meters of solid substances in a very short time, and can carry hundreds of thousands of tons of boulders, with amazing destructive power. Debris flows frequently occur in many mountainous areas of China, especially in the western areas of Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, where heavy rains are bound to occur. On August 8, 2010, the catastrophic mudslide in Zhouqu, Gansu Province instantly destroyed the whole county, killing more than 1,000 people and making more people homeless.

Gully with the following three conditions is the most prone to debris flow:

(1) The mountain in the upper valley is broken, and the thickness of loose earth and stone on the hillside is large;

(2) The slopes on both sides of the gully are steep, and the height difference between the gully head and the gully mouth is large;

(3) Gullies with much rain and frequent floods in summer flood season.

The time of debris flow occurrence has the following three laws:

(1) Seasonal: The outbreak of debris flow is mainly stimulated by continuous rainfall, heavy rain, especially heavy rain and other concentrated rainfall. Therefore, the time law of debris flow is consistent with the time law of concentrated rainfall, which has obvious seasonality. Generally occurs in rainy summer and autumn.

(2) Periodicity: Debris flow is influenced by rain, flood and earthquake, but rain, flood and earthquake always appear periodically. Therefore, the occurrence and development of debris flow also has a certain periodicity, and its activity cycle is roughly consistent with that of rain, flood and earthquake.

(3) Debris flow usually occurs at the peak of a rainfall or after continuous rainfall.

(1) The normal running water in the river (ditch) bed suddenly stops flowing or the flood suddenly increases (with more firewood and trees).

(2) An abnormal roar suddenly came from the upper reaches of the river (ditch) valley. The sound is obviously different from that of locomotives, wind and rain, thunder and lightning, blasting, etc., which may be caused by the impact of boulders carried by mudslides.

(3) Have a slight sense of vibration.

Choose the shortest and safest path to run to the hillside or highland on both sides of the valley, and avoid running along the direction of debris flow; Don’t stay in the hollow with large slope and thick soil layer; Don’t climb trees to avoid, because debris flow can sweep away all obstacles along the way; Avoid concave banks with curved channels or convex banks with narrow places and low heights; Don’t hide under the steep mountain; You can’t return to the danger zone immediately after a long period of rain or heavy rain, or after the rain has just stopped; After more rain during the day, pay close attention to the rain at night, and it is best to leave early.

Prevention of debris flow:

(1) Do not build roads or houses in areas where mudslides or debris flows are dangerous. Villages and houses should be built at a safe height on both sides of the creek, not in depressions and gullies.

(2) Don’t pile a lot of soil in the ditch to prevent debris flow.

(3) Heavy rain, melting glaciers and melting snow-capped mountains are easy to cause mudslides, so preventive measures should be taken before.

(4) After the rainstorm, the debris flow will still occur, so we should wait for some time after the rain before going back.

V. Ground collapse

Ground collapse is a dynamic geological action or phenomenon that under certain conditions, the shallow rock and soil mass on the surface collapses downward and forms a pit on the ground. The ground collapse in Guangxi mainly includes karst ground collapse and goaf collapse.

The main hazards of collapse are the destruction of houses, railways, highways, mines, reservoirs, dams and other engineering facilities, resulting in house collapse, road interruption, reservoir leakage, dam and dike collapse and cracking. In addition, it also destroyed land resources, destroyed a large number of farmland, and deteriorated the environment in some cities and mining areas.

The main dynamic factors causing ground collapse are earthquake, rainfall, underground excavation, massive pumping and drainage, etc.

(1) The sudden rise and fall of the water level in Jing Quan, the sudden turbidity of water color or sand turning and steaming.

(2) Annular cracks appear on the ground and expand continuously, resulting in local ground heave or subsidence.

(1) After the collapse, the collapse pit of the adjacent building should be filled in time to avoid affecting the stability of the building.

(2) The ground cracks near the building should be filled in time, and the surface water should be intercepted in the subsidence pit of the ground to prevent it from injecting people.

(3) The severely cracked buildings should be temporarily closed, and the measures to be taken should be determined only after the dangerous houses are identified.

(4) Residents living in mined-out areas formed by mining hollowing out should pay attention to whether there are obvious signs such as deformation and cracks on the ground in front of and behind the house during flood season, and whether surface water seeps into the ground in large quantities and quickly during heavy rain. If any abnormality is found, you should immediately evacuate and notify the relevant departments. Don’t risk staying in the same place or in the living room to avoid possible collapse and casualties.

(1) Mines and karst areas are prone to collapse, so special attention should be paid to prevention when living or moving in these areas.

(2) Strong pumping in the hidden karst area is easy to cause ground collapse.

(3) In case of ground collapse cracks, it should be filled with sand and gravel in time and plastered with clay.

Sixth, the essentials of hedging and self-help

The flood season, especially the period of heavy rainfall, is a period of high incidence of geological disasters, so we should pay attention to listening to the weather forecast and improve the awareness of disaster prevention.

Report the precursors of geological disasters to the local government or relevant departments immediately.

In order to avoid danger urgently, under the guidance of professional and technical personnel and with the cooperation of relevant departments of counties, townships and villages, one or several safety sites are selected in advance as temporary places to avoid disasters. These disaster shelters are relatively safe places. When a local disaster comes, you should try your best to go to the disaster shelter on the premise of ensuring personal safety.

4.Evacuate according to the evacuation route

As far as possible, the route to leave the danger zone should avoid the slip direction of landslide, the collapse direction of collapse or the route where debris flow may pass, and cross the danger zone as little as possible. The road spread along the ridge is safer than the road spread along the valley.

5.Remember the warning signs.

Evacuation signals (such as broadcasting, beating gongs, drums, etc.) are agreed in advance, unique, and can’t be used indiscriminately, so you must remember to evacuate quickly when you hear the signal, and you can’t hesitate.

6.To publicize the knowledge of disaster prevention and control to family members and the masses.

7.Three-character scripture for avoiding danger of collapse and landslide

Before the disaster, there were anomalies; Water mutation, animal shock;

The forest is drunk and the foot of the slope is convex; Cracks appear, cracks expand;

Rock crack, rock collapse; The mountain is steep and easy to collapse;

In case of emergency, flee on both sides; Stop on a gentle slope and get away from it.

8.Three-character scripture of debris flow avoidance

Debris flow, which is harmful, not only hurts people, but also destroys homes;

Not mysterious, regular, formed in the gully;

On rainy days, listen to the forecast, observe carefully, and be on guard;

The water becomes muddy, the rocks are sandwiched, the valley is faint, and there is a slight earthquake;

Urgent report, no procrastination, timely withdrawal, listen to the arrangement;

Life first, wealth second, abandon the burden and protect life;

Stride, don’t look back, go high, stay away from the concave;

It clears up, the mud stops flowing, don’t worry, go home slowly.

9.Three-character meridian for avoiding danger from ground collapse

Seisensui, sudden rise and fall, turbid water, or turning sand;

Ground fissures, growing, locally bulging, or sinking;

Rich in mineral deposits, easy to be mined out, large collapse, and frequent this;

In karst area, there are many soil holes, so pumping is less to prevent collapse.

10.Hedging formula for building houses in mountainous areas

Pay attention to the location of building, think more about the slope ditch,

Ask an expert if the situation is unknown, and don’t make your own opinions.

Don’t choose the site for the steep slope of the concave land, and don’t build houses under the side wall of the cliff.

Don’t believe in geomantic superstition, but advocate scientific thought.

Don’t dig at the foot of the slope, cut the slope and grade it and add support.

Ponds should not be built on slopes, and muck should not be piled at gullies.

Rivers and ditches should not be changed easily, and drainage should be proper.

Infrastructure should be valued, and geological safety should not be forgotten.

Seven, how to prevent geological disasters when building houses by cutting slopes.

Guangxi is a mountainous province. For a long time, in order to protect the limited arable land, many people in mountainous areas can only build houses by cutting slopes. According to the data from Guangxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station, from 2006 to 2017, there were 215 geological disasters such as collapses and landslides caused by cutting slopes to build roads and houses in Guangxi, with 239 deaths and 176 injuries. This shows that the harm of building houses by cutting slopes is great. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of prevention scientifically and effectively avoid disasters.

In building houses in rural areas, we should earnestly take preventive measures against geological disasters. In accordance with the unified arrangement of the new rural construction plan, large-scale construction such as villages and towns must carry out geological disaster risk assessment. Even if farmers build houses individually, they should consult people with professional knowledge of geological disasters if possible to take precautions. Only in this way can we ensure the safety and reliability of our housing.

First of all, there should be a protective distance if there is space. How to calculate this safe protective distance? For example, if the slope is 10 meters high, then our safety protection distance will be greater than 10 meters, so the house built in this way will be relatively safe. But it may be difficult to do this in the vast mountainous rural areas. If it can’t be done, what should we do? Then we must take preventive measures. First, we should do a good job in retaining wall support and slope protection. The second thing is to cut the slope. The whole slope is cut below the safe slope, which is about 40 degrees, and the slope should be cut below 40 degrees. Third, we should do a good job in intercepting and draining the slope. It is necessary to do a good job of intercepting the drainage ditch with three lights, and intercept all the water flow on the hillside to the foot of the slope. Tall trees and dense bamboo forests cannot be planted on the hillside.

On June 12, 2008, Li, who lives in Liuwang Village, Licun Town, Rong County, Guangxi, would never have thought that a small collapse in the back hill would have ruined a family of five. Li once opened a motorcycle repair shop in Rongxian County. Because it rained for many days, Li never went home. After the rain cleared up, on June 11th, Li rushed home with his motorcycle to reunite with his family. Never imagined that at one o’clock in the morning on the 12th, affected by the rain a few days ago, the hillside behind the rain-filled house suddenly collapsed, causing a family of five to be buried in the mud while sleeping. After investigation by experts, it was found that the side of the house of the victim was next to a steep slope that was not too high, and the earth collapsed at the scene was not large, only less than 100 cubic meters. Why did this seemingly insignificant little collapse cause the disaster of a family of five? In fact, this accident can be completely avoided. At that time, five people slept in a bed, and when they collapsed, they just buried the bed on the side of the mountain, causing death. If you had a little awareness of geological disaster prevention at that time, you could have avoided the accident by putting the bed on the other side of the house.

When encountering cracks, falling blocks and water leakage around the house, which may lead to geological disasters, you must obey the instructions of the township government, the staff of the land department or the monitor, evacuate and avoid in time, and pay attention to check whether there are hidden dangers on the slope of the house when you return. You can’t return to the house until the hidden dangers are eliminated and the experts agree.

For example, on September 6, 2013, affected by the previous typhoons "Yute" and "Tanmei", heavy rain fell in Guiping City, Guangxi, causing geological disasters such as collapses and landslides in many places. In view of the possible danger, at 8: 30 in the morning, when the director of the National Land Institute of Mugui Town in Guiping City and the staff of the town government inspected Team 9 of Guotuntun in Pinghe Village, they found that a villager’s house was in danger due to slope cutting, and the staff immediately asked them to evacuate temporarily. However, at noon, the owner of the house returned to the house with luck when he saw nothing. As a result, it collapsed in the afternoon and the two were buried in the mud instantly.

5.Building site selection four "don’t"

Don’t build houses on landslides,

Don’t build a house in the valley,

Don’t build houses under steep slopes.

Don’t cut slopes to build houses at will.

6.Establish a joint insurance system to prevent geological disasters of building houses by cutting slopes.

All localities should investigate the situation of building houses on cut slopes or on slopes within their jurisdiction, register and establish address books for households with risks, and conduct joint defense grouping for households with hidden dangers on cut slopes or on slopes under the jurisdiction of village (neighborhood) people’s groups, designate team leaders, implement man-to-man and household-to-household marking, and similar households assume the responsibility of reminding each other and protecting each other. Once early warning notices and information such as flash floods and heavy rainfall geological disasters are received, households should notify each other and do emergency evacuation and prevention work.

The establishment of the township (town) people’s government overall responsibility, to the village (neighborhood) people’s group as a unit, the masses as the main body of geological disaster prevention joint insurance system. All tenants who have hidden dangers of geological disasters when building houses on slopes or near slopes should implement the joint guarantee system. For people who have no communication tools, widowed elderly people, left-behind children, five-guarantee households, etc., the local government should designate special personnel to provide joint insurance with them, take charge of their safety, ensure that they can get early warning notices in time, and make timely preparations for disaster prevention.

Eight, how to prevent geological disasters in flood season

Guangxi is a province (region) with frequent geological disasters, especially in the flood season, the possibility of various geological disasters is greatly enhanced. Geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide and debris flow, often wreak havoc in the flood season. Their occurrence is like a big mouth that may devour people’s precious lives and property at any time.

Therefore, when the flood season comes, we should firmly establish a high sense of responsibility, strengthen the awareness of "walking on thin ice", take the prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season as a "life project", fight the tough battle of prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season in 2020, and hand in satisfactory answers to more than 50 million villagers in Guangxi.

Strengthen the investigation and inspection of hidden dangers of geological disasters. The people’s governments of cities and counties should organize forces to carry out geological disaster inspection and investigation, and do a good job in "pre-flood inspection, mid-flood inspection and post-flood review", especially in areas prone to geological disasters such as complex geological conditions, high slope areas, mined-out areas, tailings ponds, construction sites and hillsides near villages, without leaving any dead ends.

Strengthen the revision and exercise of geological disaster emergency plan. According to the actual situation, all localities should revise the emergency plan for sudden geological disasters in a timely manner, enhance the pertinence, effectiveness and operability of the plan, and ensure that the emergency response work is carried out quickly, orderly and efficiently when disasters occur. The main hidden danger points of geological disasters should be "one point one case". Local people’s governments in areas prone to geological disasters should organize pre-plan drills, find weak links, and improve and optimize pre-plans.

Strengthen the early warning and forecasting of geological disasters. Meteorological, water conservancy and natural resources departments at all levels should strengthen coordination and cooperation, make full use of their respective monitoring networks, closely monitor the development trend of meteorological, hydrological and geological disasters, establish information sharing and consultation mechanisms, make scientific and accurate analysis and judgment in time, and release geological disaster early warning and forecasting information through radio, television, newspapers, internet, telephone, mobile phone short messages and other channels.

Further improve the system of group monitoring and prevention of geological disasters. All localities should conscientiously implement the system of danger inspection, disaster quick report and duty in flood season, and comprehensively decompose the tasks of disaster prevention and avoidance, monitoring and early warning to towns, villages, schools, hospitals, enterprises and other units and relevant responsible personnel.

Strengthen duty and information reporting. City, county (city) people’s governments and competent departments should strengthen emergency duty, geological disaster emergency response agencies should implement a 24-hour duty and leadership shift system in accordance with the relevant provisions, and implement a main and deputy shift system for important positions. The person in charge of disaster prevention and emergency response personnel must keep their mobile phones on for 24 hours. Municipal geological disaster emergency teams should maintain a high degree of readiness and stand by at any time. It is necessary to make arrangements for the rotation of emergency personnel, ensure necessary transportation, emergency tools and emergency personnel, and ensure sufficient emergency forces to deal with sudden geological disasters at any time.

Strengthen the propaganda of geological disaster prevention knowledge. All localities should carry out targeted publicity in combination with local actual conditions and examples of ground disasters, especially to strengthen publicity for urban residents in mines and mountainous areas, cadres and masses in rural areas and primary and secondary school students, so that they can master the basic knowledge of preventing ground disasters.

Fully implement the responsibility for prevention and control of geological disasters. All localities and departments should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters, and the natural resources departments should organize the implementation of various measures for the prevention and control of geological disasters, coordinate, guide and supervise all relevant responsible entities to do a good job in the prevention and control of geological disasters, and relevant departments such as construction, transportation, railway, water conservancy, meteorology, tourism and education should perform their respective duties according to law. All construction units shall design, construct and accept the ground disaster control project at the same time as the design and construction of the main project according to law, and take relevant measures in the construction process to avoid ground disasters.

　　CCTV News:Knowing the characteristics of the H7N9 epidemic, we can see that the virus is not terrible as long as it is well prevented and controlled. This requires not only the national departments to do a good job in epidemic prevention, but also everyone’s self-protection. So what measures has the country taken now? How should everyone prevent and control it?

　　Multi-department joint prevention and control to strengthen the management of live poultry market

　　In response to this year’s H7N9 epidemic, the National Health and Family Planning Commission, together with agriculture, industry and commerce departments, launched a joint prevention and control mechanism under the unified deployment of the State Council. Provinces in the epidemic area, suspend or permanently close the live poultry market; Strengthen the management of the live poultry market that has not been shut down or closed, and strictly implement the system of cleaning once a day, disinfection once a week, closing the market on January and zero stock.

　　Changing consumption habits and promoting consumption of chilled poultry

　　In addition, all departments should strengthen market supervision, cross-regional transportation supervision of live poultry, implement the measures of "clean poultry and white poultry", and study and implement long-term measures such as completely stopping live poultry trading and promoting the transformation and upgrading of poultry industry. The National Health and Family Planning Commission will form a joint supervision team with agriculture, industry and commerce, food and drug supervision and other departments in the near future to supervise the prevention and control work in key provinces of the epidemic.

　　Avoid contact with live birds. Cook them thoroughly.

　　It is not complicated for ordinary people to protect against avian influenza. First of all, they should avoid contact with sick and dead birds in their daily lives, and try to avoid direct contact with live birds and birds. If they do, they must wash their hands as soon as possible. Secondly, buy fresh, live and frozen livestock and their products with quarantine certificates, and don’t buy live birds from mobile vendors. Wash your hands thoroughly after processing raw poultry meat and eggs, separate raw and cooked during processing, and cook thoroughly when cooking.

　　Protection for ordinary people: Patients with persistent high fever and asthma should seek medical advice in time.

　

　　Experts suggest that once a patient has a persistent high fever of 39 degrees or even 40 degrees, the symptoms are heavier, accompanied by shortness of breath, asthma, suffocation, acceleration, palpitation, and digestive tract symptoms, the family members must be sent to the hospital in time and inform whether they have a history of contact with live birds. In particular, people over 60 years old, children under 5 years old, pregnant women, obese people and those with basic diseases such as diabetes should pay special attention.

　　Coming from the snow-capped mountains, heading for the East China Sea — — The Yangtze River, a great long river, has passed through thousands of years of Chinese civilization and nurtured a nation.

　　"A total of great protection and no great development." This is the general secretary of the supreme leader’s earnest entrustment to the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Great progress has been made in China’s economic and social development, and the coastal areas along the Yangtze River basin have taken on a new look, and people’s concept of ecological construction in the Yangtze River has also changed to a new height.

　　As a result, it traveled more than 100,000 kilometers, traveled all over the Yangtze River, sang the new chapter, and the large-scale documentary "Love in the Yangtze River" was released.

　　An innovative work dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China.

　　The six-episode documentary "Love in the Yangtze River" is an innovative work focusing on new ideas and new practices, and it is also a masterpiece of dedication for the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China.

　　"In the past few decades, there have been many environmental crises in the Yangtze River. This film focuses on the ever-changing changes in the Yangtze River under the great protection policy and the story of how Chinese children feed back the mother river, while emphasizing our deeper emotional interaction with the Yangtze River." Liu Liting, general director of Love in the Yangtze River, said.

　　The documentary "Love in the Yangtze River" tries to show that people along the Yangtze River "share a river" from the characters and details, but it breeds different feelings and stories about people’s attachment to the Yangtze River. At the same time, we not only pay a return visit to the stories and scenes of the classic documentary "story of the yangtze river" and "Let’s Talk about the Yangtze River", but also look for the vivid stories of social changes and green transformation. For example, Tudan Danba, the first college student in the pastoral area, returned to the Sanjiangyuan area at the source of the Yangtze River after graduating from Qinghai University for Nationalities, and began to protect the environment and wildlife. For more than ten years, he undertook the work of animal and plant protection, data recording and environmental protection propaganda at the source of the Yangtze River, and witnessed the changes visible to the naked eye in the snowy plateau with his lens. On the Jinsha River, Yan Liang, a former drifter, and his more than 6,000 companions put down their crowbars and picked up hoes, and embarked on the road of natural forest protection "fighting for green". At the mouth of the Yangtze River, Gu Yuliang and his colleagues spent 19 years finding a high-quality water source for the people of Shanghai on the beach "Qingcaosha" near Chongming Island.

　　In order to find theoretical support and academic background for these changes and stories along the Yangtze River, the creative team visited nearly 100 experts and scholars in hydrology, water conservancy, geography, climate, animals and plants, history, economy and humanities, including more than a dozen academicians from China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering. Among them are Academician Lu Dadao, the economic geographer who first put forward the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Academician Zheng Shouren, the chief engineer of the Three Gorges Project, known as the "son of the Three Gorges", Zhong Zhiyu, the chief engineer of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Fan Hengshan, former secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission, Mark Levin, the Nobel Prize winner and former director of the Department of Environment and Energy of the National Laboratory of the United States, and Wang Shiguang, the composer of the documentary story of the yangtze river and former vice chairman of the China Musicians Association. Many of them are white-haired old men, who have given authoritative guidance to documentaries with their rich knowledge and experience.

　　Panoramic stereoscopic recording of the Yangtze River

　　In the early spring of 2019, eight film crews set off from Shanghai, traced back to the source of the 6380-kilometer Yangtze River, and traveled all over the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River for more than 100,000 kilometers, hoping to record the Yangtze River in a panoramic and three-dimensional way.

　　In the early summer, the members of the first episode of Love on the Yangtze River put their winter jackets and trousers in their suitcases. They were going to explore the Sanjiangyuan area, the source of the Yangtze River. After arriving at their destination, altitude sickness made everyone "fall down", which made the crew unexpected. Director Dong Jiexin and chief photographer Zhu Qian have entered the plateau for the fourth time. I didn’t expect to feel dizzy and unwell on the first day. Time is tight, and the task is heavy. Everyone takes anti-hyperreflexia drugs, grits their teeth when they have a headache, slows down when they have difficulty breathing, and faces strong ultraviolet rays. In the Tuotuo River Basin where the air is thin, the members of the film crew shake the dust on their shoulders and pick up the camera to start shooting one after another.

　　Panzhihua is the hottest in May and June every year. When the director Dong Lingli led a team to shoot here in the second episode, the temperature was above 40 degrees Celsius, and the surface temperature was close to 80 degrees Celsius. Even the equipment had to be cooled down to run, and many people in the film crew got sunburned. From Dujiangyan to Hanyuan to Yibin and then to Dujiangyan and Chongqing, the longest journey took 13 hours from Yibin to Panzhihua, but the fatigue of the boat did not affect the creative enthusiasm of the film crew at all.

　　Such stories happen every day in the film crew. The sultry environment in the factory, sweat soaked clothes countless times; Facing the mud on the Yangtze River beach, the film crew trudged hard, but every step was steady and solid. In the third episode, the film crew Chen Lin led a team to shoot in Hubei for more than 20 days, and everyone struggled to the last minute.

　　The film crew led by Liu Wei, the director of the fourth episode, went deep into Xiaoxiang to record those respectable and lovely people by Dongting Lake — — Volunteers from the Ecological Protection Association. Most of the filming was carried out on a small boat, with a long time, big waves and changeable weather. At that time, it was in the high incidence period of schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake. As soon as everyone put on rain boots and a life jacket, they went deep into the middle of the lake with the boat to shoot. "Eight hundred Li Dongting is my home", and the film crew used every shot, every sound and every interview to record the most beautiful guardians by the lake.

　　Zhang Bajin, a native of Tongling, Anhui Province, grew up by the Yangtze River, and now she is a conscientious finless porpoise breeder. In the morning, director Zhang Yanfen led a team to feed the finless porpoises with Master Zhang. As soon as his bamboo pole struck, the finless porpoises came to their friend Master Zhang. Late at night, in a canoe, Master Zhang came to feed and take care of his friends in the river. The film crew is in a canoe, and it is necessary to keep the balance of the boat in order to shoot a good story. Facing the shooting characters, everyone seems to have found that meditation and initial heart.

　　Directors Wang Xiangtao and Shi Jianian led the team to Chongming Island again and again. "Qingcaosha" is the largest Jiangxin reservoir in China, located at the mouth of the Yangtze River. Gu Yuliang, a designer of Qingcaosha, said, "I have a pair of children, one is my son, and the other is Qingcaosha." Such a simple and moving sentence expresses his deep affection and attachment to his work.

　　Present an ordinary and great story on the clear water

　　"Love on the Yangtze River" is all shot in 4K, which strives to present the most beautiful "Love on the Yangtze River" visually, and accumulates and preserves real and precious image materials for contemporary China. In the early planning, the program group designed a special shooting mode according to the preset structure of the documentary. The shooting was divided into three parts: story, interview and empty mirror, and the best shooting scheme was worked out respectively.

　　Every member of the film crew of "Love in the Yangtze River" has full creative enthusiasm and professional professionalism, and maintains the initial heart of a documentary filmmaker. "Record the stories of contemporary people with a lens, fully show their style, record society and life, and record their style and reality." They marched along the Yangtze River and recorded every ordinary and great story on the clear water of this bay.

　　Yi Li, director of the Documentary Center of Shanghai Radio and Television Station, said that the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and Shanghai TV Station attached great importance to the creation of this documentary, and held several coordination meetings to guide the deployment. Based on the documentary center of Shanghai Radio and Television Station as the main creative force, satellite TV stations in 12 provinces and cities gave great support in shooting and resource scheduling.

　　It is reported that after the national premiere of "Love in the Yangtze River" on Oriental TV and Shanghai Documentary Channel, the film will also land on more than 30 provincial TV stations and local TV stations in Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui. (Reporter Meng Yudi)

CCTV News:Since the beginning of this year, China has continued to promote large-scale equipment renewal and trade-in of consumer goods. The reporter learned from the Ministry of Commerce that 18 departments including the Ministry of Commerce continued to expand the policy portfolio. Various localities have also introduced detailed measures to promote the trade-in of consumer goods.

Driven by the policy, the growth of key retail products is improving. Among them, the national retail sales of passenger cars in May was about 1.685 million, an increase of about 10% from the previous month.

In a car 4S shop in Chongqing High-tech Zone, Ms. Zhu bought a new energy car, and she submitted the old car scrapping procedures, new car purchase information and bank card information simultaneously on the mobile phone applet. In less than a week, Ms. Zhu received a subsidy of 10,000 yuan for trade-in.

Recently, the Ministry of Finance issued 6.44 billion yuan of financial discount and bonus funds in 2024, which was used for the pre-allocation of financial subsidy funds for the automobile trade-in center this year. While preferential policies bring "real money and silver" to consumers, many automobile sales companies have also superimposed concessions such as purchase tax reduction and exemption, insurance premium concessions, and coupons subsidies to increase profits. The reporter visited automobile sales stores in several provinces and cities, and the sales volume of many stores increased one month after the implementation of the New Deal.

At present, the Ministry of Commerce has developed and built a national unified information service platform for automobile trade-in to facilitate people to apply for subsidies for automobile scrapping and renewal. Consumers can search for "car trade-in" and submit applications on small programs of WeChat, Alipay, Tik Tok and China Unionpay Quick Pass.

Accelerated release of consumer demand for household appliances

Not only in the automobile field, but also in various places. During a recent visit to Hubei and Sichuan, the reporter learned that local governments, home appliance companies and sales platforms have launched various forms of trade-in activities.

Since the summer, the demand for cool household appliances has been increasing. In a home appliance store in Wuhan, Hubei Province, customers who come to consult the trade-in policy are in an endless stream. Recently, Wuhan launched two rounds of green smart home appliances trade-in subsidy vouchers, plus the "618" preferential policy for merchants from late May, so that consumers can get hundreds or even thousands of yuan.

In order to make consumers "willing to change" and "convenient to change", many places have established consumption scenes that are easier to get rid of the old and more satisfactory to replace the new. For example, Mianyang, Sichuan Province has developed the "Mianyi Bu" WeChat applet, and consumers can apply for subsidies by uploading information online.

Liaocheng, Shandong Province launched the "Hui Cycle" applet. Consumers only need to input the brand model, service life and other information of household appliances, and the system will automatically quote. After the old collection is completed, a "renewal voucher" will be automatically put into the consumer’s account, and the purchase price will be directly deducted when purchasing a new machine.

The latest data from the Ministry of Commerce show that 1-mdash; In May, the trade-in sales of home appliances in major e-commerce platforms increased by 81.8% year-on-year, and the effect of the trade-in policy of home appliances has initially appeared.

Intelligent home improvement kitchen and bathroom is becoming a new trend.

Home improvement kitchen and bathroom "rejuvenation" is also an important aspect of consumer goods trade-in this year. At present, many merchants provide consumers with personalized home improvement and kitchen and bathroom renovation programs, focusing on promoting intelligent and aging-suitable product updates and upgrades.

These days, Mr. Lin, a citizen of Shenzhen, is renovating the old kitchen at home. I heard that there is a kitchen and bathroom renovation business in the shopping mall, and he came to consult specially.

Mr. Lin, a citizen of Shenzhen, said: "My wife wants to make some desserts for children in the future, and needs to increase the space of the oven. The pipeline under the pool is aging, so I want to come here to solve these problems."

In response to Mr. Lin’s needs, the merchant provided him with a one-to-one personalized customized design, and the installation time only took two days at most, which did not affect the normal life of his family, and also helped him replace new home appliances through the trade-in activity.

In the interview, the reporter found that intelligent products have become the "toon" of home appliance stores. In Foshan, Guangdong, citizen Liu Qiu is going to replace the kitchen appliances that have been used for ten years in one breath and enjoy the "smart kitchen". The merchant has worked out an overall replacement preferential scheme for her, which saves more than 800 yuan after accounting, and also provides free door-to-door disassembly service.

The "rejuvenation" of home improvement kitchen and bathroom can not only improve the home environment, but also provide protection for home safety. Many local policies put forward that it is necessary to promote aging products such as home health monitoring equipment, and support business entities in decoration and other fields to expand the aging transformation business at home, so as to make home life more beautiful and convenient.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 16-The the State Council Press Office released a white paper entitled "China’s Network Rule of Law Construction in the New Era" on March 16. The full text is as follows:

The Construction of Network Rule of Law in China in the New Era

(March 2023)

People’s Republic of China (PRC)

the State Council Information Office

catalogue

foreword

First, unswervingly follow the road of governing the internet according to law

Second, consolidate the legal foundation of cyberspace

(A) the establishment of a legal system for the protection of network rights and interests

(2) Improve the rule of law in the digital economy

(3) Delineating the legal red line of network security

(D) Improve the norms of network ecological governance

Third, ensure that cyberspace is standardized and orderly.

(1) Protecting the rights and interests of personal information

(B) the protection of network intellectual property rights

(C) standardize the order of the online market

(4) Maintaining national network security

(E) Create a clear cyberspace

Fourth, defend the fairness and justice of cyberspace

(A) innovative network judicial rules

(B) explore the network judicial model

(C) safeguarding the rights and interests of online justice

Fifth, enhance the awareness and literacy of the rule of law in the whole society.

(A) to expand the "internet plus law popularization" new model.

(B) the popularization of network laws and regulations

(C) for key objects to carry out network law popularization

(D) Strengthen the research and education of network rule of law

Sixth, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in the rule of law on the Internet.

(A) actively participate in the construction of rules

(2) Conduct extensive exchanges and cooperation.

(C) efforts to build a dialogue platform

Concluding remarks

foreword

Internet is an important achievement of the development of human civilization. While promoting economic and social development, the Internet also poses great challenges to supervision and governance. It is the common pursuit of all countries in the world to develop and manage the Internet well and make it better for the benefit of mankind. Practice has proved that the rule of law is the basic way of Internet governance. It has become a global consensus to use the concept, thinking and means of the rule of law to promote the development and governance of the Internet.

Since 1994, when it was fully connected to the Internet, China has adhered to the rule of law, continuously promoted the rule of law in cyberspace, and promoted the healthy operation of the Internet on the rule of law. In the new era, under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, China regards the rule of law as an important part of comprehensively governing the country according to law and building a strong network country, and strives to build a complete network legal norm system, an efficient network legal implementation system, a strict network legal supervision system and a powerful network legal guarantee system, and the network legal construction has made historic achievements. Network legislation, network law enforcement, network judicature, network law popularization, and network rule of law education have been promoted as a whole, with the participation of the state, government, enterprises, social organizations, netizens and other subjects, and a road of governing the network according to law that conforms to international common practices and has China characteristics has been developed. The construction of network rule of law in China has not only effectively enhanced China’s Internet governance capacity, but also contributed China wisdom and China’s plan to global Internet governance.

This white paper is issued in order to comprehensively introduce the construction of network rule of law in China and share the experience and practices of network rule of law in China.

First, unswervingly follow the road of governing the internet according to law

China conforms to the general trend of global informatization development, based on the practice of Internet development in China, integrates the construction of network rule of law into the strategic layout of comprehensively governing the country according to law, continuously deepens its understanding of the regularity of governing the network according to law, develops in exploration and persists in development, and has embarked on a road of network rule of law with China characteristics.

-persist in taking the people as the center. China’s network rule of law construction adheres to the people’s dominant position, condenses the wisdom and strength of the overwhelming majority of the people, and implements the embodiment of people’s interests, the reflection of people’s wishes, the maintenance of people’s rights and interests, and the promotion of people’s well-being in all aspects of the whole process of network rule of law construction, such as legislation, law enforcement, judicature, and law popularization. Effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the people in cyberspace, strengthen cyberspace governance according to law, fully respect the rights of netizens to exchange ideas and express opinions, resolutely crack down on illegal and criminal activities in cyberspace, build a good order in cyberspace, and create a safe, fair, healthy, civilized and clear cyberspace.

-Persist in promoting the development of the Internet. The essence of administering the Internet according to law is to provide guarantee for the healthy and orderly development of the Internet, not to constrain the development of the Internet. China will take the rule of law as the basic means, improve the digital economy governance system, enhance the level of legalization of digital government construction, promote the construction of digital society according to law, and lead, standardize and guarantee the high-quality development of digital China construction. Adhere to the simultaneous advancement of development and security, build a strong network security defense line, ensure development with security, promote security with development, and promote the Internet as the biggest variable to become the biggest increment of social and economic development.

-adhere to the national conditions. China’s network rule of law construction is based on the basic national conditions that China is the largest developing country in the world and the largest number of netizens. In view of the actual situation of China’s huge number of netizens, numerous enterprise platforms and rich product formats, it adapts to the characteristics of multiple legal subjects, diverse legal relationships and changeable legal application scenarios, insists on handling the relationship between development and security, freedom and order, openness and autonomy, management and service, deeply studies the frontier and overall major issues of network rule of law, and uses the rule of law thinking and methods to solve the bottleneck restricting the development of the Internet.

-Adhere to innovation. The Internet is born and prospered by innovation, and the rule of law on the Internet needs innovation in particular. China fully grasps the unprecedented arduousness and complexity of cyberspace governance, proactively responds to the risk challenges brought by new Internet technologies, new applications, new formats and new models, and promotes all-round innovations in the concept, content, methods and methods of network rule of law. Improve and innovate the rules of new technologies and new fields such as algorithms and blockchains, strive to fill the time gap and blank areas in important fields, establish a comprehensive network governance system, innovate the network judicial model, lead the practice of network rule of law with innovation, and comprehensively improve the efficiency of Internet governance.

-Adhere to open cooperation. China’s construction of network rule of law not only adheres to network sovereignty, but also draws on the advanced experience of network rule of law in other countries, absorbs mature foreign practices, and plans the development of China’s Internet under the background of international Internet development, thus forming an Internet governance model with both China characteristics and international practices. Actively participate in the formulation of international rules in cyberspace, carry out international exchanges and cooperation in the field of cyber rule of law, and work together with countries around the world to establish a multilateral, democratic and transparent global Internet governance system.

In the new era, China’s network rule of law construction, based on its own development reality, draws lessons from foreign advanced experience, dares to explore, be honest and innovative, and has embarked on a road of managing the network with its own characteristics, and has made a series of remarkable achievements, which has made important contributions to the construction of a strong network, the comprehensive rule of law and the party’s governance of the country under the conditions of informationization.

—— It provides a strong guarantee for the network power to move towards a network power. The construction of China as a network power has made great progress towards the basic popularization of network infrastructure, remarkable enhancement of independent innovation capability, all-round development of digital economy, strong network security guarantee and balanced network attack and defense strength, and has made great achievements. The number of netizens ranks first in the world, and the development of the mobile Internet of Things has achieved "superman", building the world’s largest and technologically advanced fiber-optic broadband and mobile communication network, and 5G has achieved comprehensive leadership in technology, industry and application. The digital economy has a strong development momentum. In 2021, the scale of the digital economy reached 45.5 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world. New Internet technologies are deeply applied in the fields of education, employment, social security, medical and health care, sports, housing, transportation, helping the disabled and providing for the elderly, etc. internet plus operates healthily according to law, forming the largest and most vibrant digital society in the world.

-promoting the comprehensive implementation of the rule of law in cyberspace. China adheres to the principle of governing the country according to law, applies it to cyberspace, deeply implements the construction plan of China ruled by law, constantly promotes the construction of network rule of law, adheres to scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for the whole people, and deepens the practice of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in cyberspace. The basic construction of "four beams and eight pillars" in network legislation has enriched and improved the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. Network law enforcement has been continuously strengthened, and network violations have been severely cracked down. The network ecology and network order have continued to improve, promoting a safer and more harmonious social order. The rules of online judicial adjudication are gradually improved, and the handling of online cases is constantly increasing. Fairness and justice are strongly demonstrated in cyberspace. In-depth promotion of network law popularization, respect for law-abiding usage of law has gradually become the common pursuit and conscious action of cyberspace, and the people’s awareness and literacy of the rule of law have been comprehensively improved.

-Contribute China’s experience, China’s wisdom and China’s plan to global Internet governance. Cyberspace is a common space for human activities, which needs to be jointly built and governed by all countries in the world. China has been exploring scientific ways and schemes to govern the Internet according to law, and has formed a unique way to govern the Internet in China in the process of legislation, law enforcement, judicature and popularization of law, which has provided China experience for global Internet governance. China actively participated in global Internet governance, promoted the launching of many initiatives and declarations such as the G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative and the Global Data Security Initiative, creatively put forward the principle of cyber sovereignty, advocated that the principle of sovereign equality established in the UN Charter should be applied to cyberspace, and contributed to China’s wisdom and China’s plan.

Second, consolidate the legal foundation of cyberspace

Law is the most important instrument of governing the country, and good law is the premise of good governance. China grasps the law of Internet development, insists on scientific legislation, democratic legislation and legal legislation, and vigorously promotes the construction of network legal system. The systematization, integrity, coordination and timeliness of network legislation are constantly enhanced.

With the development of Internet, China’s network legislation has gone through the development process from scratch, from less to more, from point to surface and from surface to body. The first stage, from 1994 to 1999, was the stage of accessing the Internet. The number of Internet users and devices has increased steadily. At this stage, network legislation mainly focuses on the security of network infrastructure, that is, computer system security and networking security. The second stage, from 2000 to 2011, is the PC Internet stage. With the gradual increase in the number of computers and the gradual reduction in internet access fees, users are increasingly popular on the Internet, and network information services are developing rapidly. At this stage, network legislation turns to focus on network service management and content management. The third stage, from 2012 to now, is the mobile Internet stage. At this stage, network legislation gradually tends to comprehensively cover network information services, information development and network security protection. In this process, China has enacted more than 140 pieces of legislation in the field of network, basically forming a network legal system based on the Constitution, relying on laws, administrative regulations, departmental regulations, local regulations and local government regulations, based on traditional legislation, and focusing on network-specific legislation such as network content construction and management, network security and informatization, which has provided a solid institutional guarantee for the construction of a network power.

(A) the establishment of a legal system for the protection of network rights and interests

Scientific construction of the legal system for the protection of network rights and interests provides sufficient legal basis for realizing the all-round protection of people’s legitimate rights and interests online and offline.

Protect citizens’ freedom and privacy of communication. Freedom of communication and protection of communication secrets are prerequisites to ensure that citizens can independently express their demands and thoughts in cyberspace. As early as 1997, the Administrative Measures for the Security Protection of International Networking of Computer Information Networks was formulated to implement the constitutional protection of the basic rights of freedom of communication and communication secrets. In 2000, the Telecommunications Regulations were enacted, which stipulated that the freedom of telecom users to use telecommunications according to law and their communication secrets were protected by law. In 2016, the Regulations on Radio Management was revised to further strengthen the protection of communication secrets in the radio field and realize the all-round protection of this basic right in cyberspace.

Protect personal information rights and interests. Through civil law, criminal law and special legislation, the legal barrier of the whole chain protection of personal information rights and interests is constructed. In 2020, the Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress deliberated and passed the Civil Code, which made systematic provisions on the protection of personal information in the civil field on the basis of previous legal provisions. In 2009 and 2015, the Criminal Law was amended to establish the crime of infringing citizens’ personal information and strengthen the criminal law protection of personal information. In the special network legislation, the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Strengthening the Protection of Network Information was passed in 2012, which clearly protects electronic information that can identify citizens’ personal identity and involve citizens’ personal privacy. In 2016, the Cyber Security Law was enacted to further improve the rules for the protection of personal information. In 2021, the personal information protection law was enacted, the principles of personal information protection and rules of personal information processing were refined and improved, the activities of state organs in handling personal information were regulated according to law, the personal information subjects were given many rights, the obligations of personal information processors were strengthened, the working mechanism of personal information protection was improved, and strict legal responsibilities were set, so that the level of personal information protection was comprehensively improved.

Protect citizens’ property. We will continue to strengthen legislative protection and curb the use of the Internet to infringe on property rights and interests. In 2018, the e-commerce law was promulgated, stipulating that the goods sold or services provided by e-commerce operators should meet the requirements of protecting personal and property safety. The Civil Code clearly stipulates that the acts of infringing upon other people’s property rights and interests through the Internet should bear corresponding legal responsibilities. In 2022, the anti-telecommunication network fraud law was promulgated, which provided strong legal support for cracking down on telecommunication network fraud activities and effectively safeguarded people’s property rights and interests.

Guarantee the digital rights of special groups. Through multi-level and multi-dimensional legislation, the digital divide of special groups such as minors, the elderly and the disabled can be bridged, so that they can be more equally and widely integrated into the digital society and enjoy the dividend of the digital age. The cyber security law stipulates that the state supports the research and development of online products and services that are conducive to the healthy growth of minors, and punishes the use of the Internet to engage in activities that endanger the physical and mental health of minors according to law. In 2019, the Regulations on the Protection of Children’s Personal Information Network was formulated to protect children’s personal information rights and interests. In 2020, the Law on the Protection of Minors will be revised to make special provisions on strengthening the education of minors’ network literacy, strengthening the supervision of minors’ network content, strengthening the protection of minors’ personal information and the prevention and control of internet addiction, so as to protect minors’ legitimate rights and interests on the Internet. The Data Security Law was promulgated in 2021, which requires that the provision of intelligent public services should fully consider the needs of the elderly and the disabled, and avoid creating obstacles to their daily lives.

(2) Improve the rule of law in the digital economy

Constantly improve the data infrastructure system, maintain the order of the digital market, standardize the new format and new model of the digital economy, provide a good institutional foundation for the healthy development of the digital economy, and help the economy shift from high-speed growth to high-quality development.

Promote the construction of a data-based system. Pay attention to the role of data as the basic resource and innovation engine. The Data Security Law provides for the implementation of big data strategy, support for data-related technology research and development and business innovation, promotion of data-related standard system construction, and cultivation of data trading market, so as to improve the level of data development and utilization and promote the development of digital economy with data as the key element.

Clarify the operating system of digital market. Adhere to the development of the digital market in accordance with the law, resolutely oppose monopoly and unfair competition, improve digital rules, and vigorously safeguard the market environment of fair competition. The E-commerce Law comprehensively regulates the business behavior of e-commerce, clarifies the responsibilities of the operators of e-commerce platforms and those in the platforms, and requires the e-commerce operators with dominant market position not to abuse their dominant market position to exclude or restrict competition and maintain a fair market competition order. In 2013, the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests was revised, and the system of "seven days no reason to return goods" for online shopping was established, so as to strengthen the main responsibility of network operators for consumer rights protection. In 2017, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law was revised, and Internet articles were added to prohibit the use of technical means to engage in unfair competition. In 2021, the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Online Transactions was formulated to refine the relevant provisions of the e-commerce law and further improve the system of online transaction supervision. In 2021, the Anti-monopoly Guide of the State Council Anti-monopoly Committee on Platform Economy was issued, and the anti-monopoly supervision was strengthened and improved according to the development status, characteristics and laws of platform economy. In 2022, the anti-monopoly law was amended to improve the anti-monopoly system of platform economy, stipulating that operators should not engage in monopolistic behaviors prohibited by the law by using data and algorithms, technology, capital advantages and platform rules.

Standardize the new format and new mode of digital economy. The rapid emergence of new formats and new models of digital economy has brought great impetus and potential to economic and social development, but also posed new challenges to social governance and industrial development. China focuses on specific areas and special problems of new business forms and new models, and insists on combining "big-headed" legislation with "small-quick-acting" legislation to prevent and resolve risks. The Civil Code improves the rules for the conclusion and performance of electronic contracts, and brings data and network virtual property into the scope of legal protection to promote the development of digital economy. Interim Measures for the Administration of Online Taxi Reservation Service, Provisions for the Administration of Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation, Provisions for the Administration of Blockchain Information Service, Interim Measures for the Administration of Business Activities of Information Intermediaries in peer-to-peer lending, Interim Provisions for the Administration of Online Tourism Service, etc., standardize new technologies and new formats such as online car rental, algorithms, blockchain, internet finance, online travel, etc., and enrich the legal basis for the governance of internet plus in various fields.

(3) Delineating the legal red line of network security

Network security is a new topic and new content of national security, and it has become a major issue concerning the overall situation. By enacting national security law, network security law, data security law and other laws, China has systematically established a network security legal system, enhanced its network security defense capability, and effectively responded to network security risks.

Establish network security rules. In 1994, the Regulations on the Security Protection of Computer Information Systems was promulgated, and the security protection system and security supervision system of computer information systems were established. In 2000, "the NPC Standing Committee’s Decision on Maintaining Internet Security" was issued, which divided Internet security into Internet operation security and Internet information security, and established a trinity network security responsibility system framework of civil responsibility, administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. The network security law clearly maintains the systems of network operation security, network products and services security, network data security and network information security. "Network Security Review Measures" and "Regulations on the Management of Network Product Security Vulnerabilities" further refine the relevant systems of the network security law. Through years of hard work, a set of systematic and comprehensive legal rules for network security has been initially formed, so as to improve the national network security guarantee ability through system construction.

Ensure the security of key information infrastructure. Key information infrastructure is the nerve center of economic and social operation and the top priority of network security. Ensuring the security of key information infrastructure is of great significance for safeguarding national network sovereignty and national security, ensuring healthy economic and social development, and safeguarding public interests and citizens’ legitimate rights and interests. In 2021, the Regulations on the Security Protection of Key Information Infrastructure was formulated, which clarified the scope of key information infrastructure and the principles and objectives of protection work, improved the identification mechanism of key information infrastructure, and made specific provisions for key information infrastructure operators to implement network security responsibilities, establish and improve network security protection systems, set up specialized security management institutions, carry out security monitoring and risk assessment, and standardize the procurement activities of network products and services, providing legal basis for accelerating the improvement of the security protection capabilities of key information infrastructure.

Construct the legal system of data security management. Based on the reality of data security work, focusing on outstanding problems in the field of data security, we will strengthen data security protection through legislation and enhance the national data security guarantee capability. The Data Security Law clearly establishes and improves the systems of data classification and classification protection, risk monitoring, early warning and emergency response, and data security review, and makes provisions for supporting measures to promote data security and development, and promoting the security and opening of government data, so as to ensure development with security and promote security with development.

(D) Improve the norms of network ecological governance

Cyberspace is the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people. Cyberspace is clear and the ecology is good, which is the people’s beautiful yearning for online homes. With the attitude of being responsible to society and people, China takes the content of network information as the main regulatory object, establishes and improves the legal norms of comprehensive network management, and continuously purifies cyberspace.

Standardize the order of network information dissemination. Facing the worldwide problem of network information governance, laws and regulations such as the Civil Code, the Network Security Law, and the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services have been formulated to clarify the norms of network information content dissemination and the responsibilities of relevant subjects, providing a legal basis for the governance of illegal information that endangers national security, harms public interests and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of others.

Create a legal weapon against cyber terrorism. Resolutely curb the threat of terrorism in cyberspace according to law. The Criminal Law, the Criminal Procedure Law, the Anti-Money Laundering Law and other laws have stipulated the criminal responsibility of terrorist crimes, the litigation procedures for punishing terrorist crimes, and the monitoring of terrorist-related funds. In 2015, the anti-terrorism law was enacted to make special provisions on the objects, measures and mechanisms of cyber counter-terrorism.

Third, ensure that cyberspace is standardized and orderly.

Strict law enforcement is the key link of managing the internet according to law. China adheres to strict and standardized fair and civilized network law enforcement, strengthens law enforcement in key areas related to people’s vital interests, comprehensively protects people’s legitimate rights and interests, safeguards social public interests, promotes the formation of a healthy and standardized cyberspace order, and creates a clear network ecology.

(1) Protecting the rights and interests of personal information

With the rapid development of digital economy, illegal activities such as illegal collection, sale, use and disclosure of personal information are increasing day by day, which seriously infringes on people’s personal and property safety and affects the normal social and economic order. Personal information protection is not only related to the legitimate rights and interests of the broad masses of the people, but also related to public security governance and the development of digital economy. In view of the characteristics of personal information infringement, such as density, concealment and technicality, China has adopted new supervision ideas, methods and means, intensified the handling of illegal acts, and continued to carry out special treatment on illegal collection and use of personal information by mobile Internet applications (App), effectively rectifying the illegal handling of personal information. Since 2019, a total of 3.22 million mobile Internet applications have been tested, and nearly 3,000 illegal mobile Internet applications have been notified and removed. Through special treatment, violations of laws and regulations against users’ personal information rights and interests have been effectively curbed, the awareness of personal information protection has been significantly enhanced, the compliance level of personal information protection has been significantly improved, and a good situation in which the whole society respects and protects personal information rights and interests has taken shape.

(B) the protection of network intellectual property rights

Strengthening the protection of network intellectual property rights is the key to support network scientific and technological innovation. The continuous emergence of new technologies and applications makes the means of online intellectual property infringement more hidden, more diverse and cheaper, and law enforcement faces problems such as difficulty in tracing the source, obtaining evidence and implementing it. China continues to explore and accurately grasp the characteristics and laws of the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights under the network environment, and continuously strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights on the network by establishing and improving the supervision mechanism, building a new pattern of social co-governance of intellectual property protection, promoting the establishment of a cooperation mechanism for intellectual property protection on the platform, and launching special actions to crack down on online infringement and piracy. Promote online and offline integrated law enforcement, strike hard, and severely crack down on online trademark infringement and patent counterfeiting. Regularly organize and carry out law enforcement activities such as the "Sword Net" special action to crack down on online infringement and piracy, the centralized action to crack down on the illegal recording and dissemination of cinema films, and the special rectification of copyright in key markets, severely crack down on all kinds of infringement and piracy, and focus on rectifying the copyright order in key areas and key markets. During the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games, we launched a centralized campaign for copyright protection in the Winter Olympics, and promoted the online platform to delete more than 110,000 infringing links related to the Winter Olympics. After years of law enforcement, the protection environment of online intellectual property rights has been significantly improved.

(C) standardize the order of the online market

The rapid rise of the online market has played an important role in stabilizing the economy, promoting consumption, ensuring employment and benefiting the people. China actively explores the law enforcement mode suitable for the new format of the online market, and helps the healthy and sustainable development of the online market through a series of actions, such as standardizing the development of fair competition in the market and cracking down on illegal new trading behaviors.

Network market environment to ensure fair competition. With the continuous expansion of the size and strength of network platform enterprises, the problems that hinder fair competition in the market, such as "pinching mergers and acquisitions", blocking links without justifiable reasons, "choosing one from the other", killing big data and traffic hijacking, have gradually become prominent. China actively responded to the people’s demands, while supporting the innovative development of online platform enterprises, standardized and guided the healthy development of capital according to law, and adopted various law enforcement measures to control the disorderly competition of platforms. Focus on key issues such as price fraud and low-price dumping on large-scale online platforms, and rectify monopoly and unfair competition through various regulatory means such as administrative interviews, administrative guidance, and rule guidance. Focusing on key industries such as people’s livelihood, finance, science and technology, media, etc., we will review cases involving the concentration of platform operators according to law, prevent mergers and acquisitions that may hinder market competition and innovation and development, guide online platform enterprises to enhance their awareness of compliance, and standardize their own business practices. Through a series of actions, the market environment of platform economy has been continuously optimized, the industry ecology of fair competition has steadily improved, small and medium-sized enterprises have gained broader development space, and a unified, open, fair, competitive and orderly network competition environment is taking shape.

Standardize online trading activities. It is an inevitable requirement to create a good network market environment and safeguard the rights and interests of the majority of online trading entities to make online trading activities run in a standardized way. Carry out the "Net Sword Action", focus on the illegal activities of selling infringing, fake and shoddy goods online, and crack down on illegal online trading of wild animals and plants and their products. Strictly implement the responsibility of the network platform and strengthen the supervision of Internet advertising. In view of the new forms of online transactions such as "live broadcast with goods" and micro-store marketing, we will strictly control the network solicitation channels and investigate and deal with a number of users of websites and platforms suspected of violating the law. Carry out special actions against online pyramid schemes, and focus on cracking down on online shopping pyramid schemes, online investment and wealth management pyramid schemes, and online entrepreneurial pyramid schemes. Through a series of law enforcement, online trading activities in key areas, key subjects and key forms have been effectively regulated.

(4) Maintaining national network security

Building a strong network security defense line is an important premise and foundation for the healthy development of the Internet. China continues to carry out safety law enforcement work in the fields of network basic resources, important network systems and network data, effectively preventing and resolving security risks, and systematically building a security environment in the network era. In the field of network basic resources, strengthen the management of basic resources such as websites, domain names and IP addresses, and strengthen security by strengthening the construction of technical means and improving early warning mechanisms. In the field of important network systems, we will deepen the security protection of network systems, continuously monitor network security threats, and effectively prevent major security incidents such as large-scale service attacks on network systems. In the field of network data, improve the ability of data security protection and supervision, and strengthen data security law enforcement in the fields of industrial Internet, vehicle networking and 5G applications by establishing a security monitoring system and implementing classified management.

(E) Create a clear cyberspace

Focusing on the new expectations and requirements of the people, we will standardize the order of network information dissemination and rectify all kinds of network ecological chaos. Focus on the prominent problems that the people have strongly reflected, such as obscenity and pornography on the Internet, false information, cyber violence, and algorithm abuse, and continue to carry out a series of special actions of "cleaning the net" and "clearing up", and take various measures such as interviewing, ordering correction, warning, suspending information updates, and fines for website platforms that disseminate all kinds of illegal and illegal information. Supervise the website platform to perform the main responsibility, manage the information released by users according to the law, establish a complaint and report mechanism for network information security, and form a joint effort of governance. The network ecology has been continuously optimized, the quality of network civilization in the whole society has been effectively improved, and the network environment has been effectively purified.

Adhere to the priority protection and special protection for minors, and build a good environment for minors to surf the Internet. By carrying out actions such as "protecting seedlings" and special treatment of minors’ network environment, we will focus on rectifying problems such as illegal network and bad information, addiction to online games, and bad social networking, so as to purify minors’ network environment. Strengthen the network safety education of minors, punish the activities that endanger the physical and mental health of minors by using the network according to law, form a multi-faceted protection force of families, schools and society, and create a good and safe network environment for minors.

Fourth, defend the fairness and justice of cyberspace

Fair justice is the last line of defense to maintain social fairness and justice. China adheres to judicial justice and justice for the people, actively responds to the judicial needs in the network era, empowers traditional justice by using network information technology, improves network judicial rules, innovates network judicial mode, solves new network disputes according to law, combats cyber crimes, protects the rights and interests of cyberspace subjects, and enables people to obtain more fair, just, open, transparent, efficient, convenient and universal judicial services.

(A) innovative network judicial rules

With the rapid development of new technologies, new applications and new formats on the Internet, the legal relationships carried by cyberspace are richer and more diverse, which brings new challenges to the judicial guarantee of cyberspace, and it is necessary to construct more perfect network judicial rules. China promptly formulated civil and criminal judicial interpretations in the fields of online intellectual property rights, personality rights, online transactions, unfair online competition, and telecommunication network fraud. Through the trial of a large number of new types of judicial cases involving network infrastructure security, algorithm rules, data ownership transactions, personal information protection, network platform governance, etc., the applicable standards of laws are refined, and the standards of adjudication are unified, and the rules of cyberspace, behavioral norms, rights boundaries and responsibilities and obligations are increasingly clear. Rules for online litigation, online mediation and online operation of people’s courts were formulated, rules for electronic data evidence were refined, procedures for handling cybercrime cases were standardized, and a system of rules for online judicial procedures was gradually established. The systematization and systematization of online judicial rules provide rules guidance and system guarantee for online judicial work, so that online justice has rules to follow.

(B) explore the network judicial model

Actively explore new paths, new fields and new modes of deep integration of judicial activities and network technology, so as to "speed up" social justice. Actively promote the deep application of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other modern technologies in litigation services, trial execution, judicial management and other fields, and try to build a network judicial model with China characteristics first. Encourage local courts to adapt to local conditions, combine the development of local Internet industry and the characteristics of online disputes, and explore new Internet trial mechanisms with regional characteristics. Internet courts in Hangzhou, Beijing and Guangzhou have been set up one after another to explore the implementation of "online trial of online cases". Vigorously promote digital procuratorial work, adhere to the legal supervision of big data empowerment, systematically integrate all kinds of case-handling data, actively explore the construction of big data legal supervision model and platform, and strive to promote the combination of case-handling supervision and case-based governance supervision to improve quality and efficiency for legal supervision in the new era. The new model of network justice marks the further development and perfection of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s judicial system in the network field, and has gradually become a bright business card of China’s judicial system.

(C) safeguarding the rights and interests of online justice

China actively carries out online judicial activities, resolutely cracks down on illegal and criminal activities on the Internet, and strives to make people feel fair and just in every judicial case.

Strengthen the judicial protection of citizens’ network civil rights and interests. Handle civil and commercial cases in the fields of personal information protection, online intellectual property rights, online transactions, online infringement, etc. according to law, and protect the network civil rights and interests of all parties. In terms of personal information protection, we focus on online platforms that handle large-scale personal information, file civil public interest lawsuits against online platforms that infringe citizens’ personal information, clarify the rules and boundaries of commercial use of users’ personal information through case trials, and urge online platform enterprises to collect and use data legally and legally. In terms of network intellectual property protection, for cases involving patents, layout design of integrated circuits, technical secrets, computer software, etc., we will explore the introduction of the technical investigator system and gradually build a "protective fence" to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens in cyberspace.

Increase the punishment of cyber crimes. With the rapid development of Internet technology, traditional crimes have accelerated to non-contact crimes with the Internet as the medium, and network-related crimes such as telecommunication network fraud, online gambling and online obscenity and pornography are frequent. China handles new cybercrime cases according to law. For many years, the "Net Action" was launched to severely crack down on illegal and criminal activities such as hacking, damage and infringement of citizens’ personal information, which were strongly reflected by the masses. We will continue to carry out special actions such as "Yun Jian", "Cut off the card", "Cut off the flow" and "Pull out the nails", crack down on telecommunication network fraud crimes such as routine loans, campus loans, "housing for the elderly" and "investment for the elderly", and punish the black and gray industry that provides services such as Internet access, domain name registration, server hosting, mobile Internet application development, online payment, drainage and promotion for telecommunication network fraud criminal gangs according to law. We will improve the national anti-fraud big data platform and anti-fraud mobile Internet application programs, build a national fraud-related black sample database, and improve the quick stop payment freezing mechanism and the fraud-related fund return mechanism. Resolutely crack down on online gambling crimes and strictly control online obscenity and pornography. Cybercrime control has achieved remarkable results, people’s sense of security has been effectively improved, and society has become more harmonious and stable.

Explore the new path of network judicial protection for minors. Focusing on punishing and preventing cyber crimes, we will accurately crack down on cyber crimes such as "obscenity from a distance" in accordance with the law, and increase the crackdown and punishment on cyber fraud crimes targeting minors. Combine punishment according to law with accurate help and education to educate and save minors involved in cyber crimes to the maximum extent. Actively promote the public welfare protection of minors in the network field, taking typical cases such as handling drug-related audio and video dissemination, infringing on minors’ personal information rights and interests, and high online rewards as a breakthrough, and promoting the network platform, society and government to jointly protect minors’ healthy network environment through various forms such as public interest litigation, procuratorial suggestions, supporting prosecution, and briefing.

Fifth, enhance the awareness and literacy of the rule of law in the whole society.

The publicity and education of network rule of law needs the participation of the whole society. With the help of the Internet, the contents, forms and means of publicity and education on the rule of law in China have been constantly innovated, the netizens’ concept of the rule of law has been comprehensively improved, the main responsibility of the network platform and the self-discipline of the industry have been effectively implemented, and respecting the law and abiding by the law has increasingly become a broad consensus and basic norm in cyberspace, and the socialist spirit of the rule of law has been fully demonstrated in cyberspace.

(A) to expand the "internet plus law popularization" new model.

Internet has increasingly become a new space for people to study, work and live, a new platform for obtaining public information and services, and a new channel and means for popularizing the law. "Popularizing Law in internet plus" has transformed one-way rule of law propaganda into interactive, service-oriented and scene-oriented communication, and specialized legal terms have been transformed into popular and easy-to-understand life words and online words, and the audience’s sense of participation, experience and acquisition has been continuously improved.

Make full use of the internet to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law. Government websites and WeChat official account have set up special columns on popularizing the law, focusing on important laws and regulations such as the Constitution, the Civil Code, the National Security Law and the Cyber Security Law, as well as issues that people are concerned about, such as ecological civilization construction, food and drug safety and personal information protection, to carry out online publicity on the rule of law and popularize legal knowledge in an all-round way. Make full use of China’s "one network with two micro ends" to strengthen the construction of intelligent legal popularization platform, publicize the practical experience of China’s legal construction, push the legal popularization information, guide the whole society to establish the concept of the rule of law in which rights and obligations, individual freedom and social responsibility are unified, cultivate the awareness and code of conduct of the rule of law in finding ways to solve problems and resolving contradictions, and guide all the people to be loyal advocates, conscientious followers and firm defenders of the socialist rule of law.

Actively use online media to carry out online legal popularization activities. Internet media give full play to the advantages of content, channels and resources, and combine the needs of different groups to create a large number of online legal popularization works in various forms, such as diagrams, animations, short videos, webcasts and online music, and provide legal knowledge and interpret laws and regulations to the public through forums, blogs, microblogs, public accounts, instant messaging tools, webcasts, search engines, Q&A communities and other channels. Network popularization of law has opened up the "last mile" between popularization of law and the masses, promoted the popularization of law to be more fully integrated into market operation, community life, campus study and rural construction, and significantly improved the arrival rate, popularization rate and awareness rate of legal knowledge.

The offline legal popularization activities extend to the online. With the extensive integration of the Internet with economic and social production and life, traditional legal popularization activities such as offline lectures on the rule of law, grassroots legal popularization activities, legal consulting services, and legal literature and art exhibitions have been expanding their influence and coverage with the help of the Internet. More "key-to-key" online activities and "face-to-face" offline legal popularization, such as learning and training, micro-video competition and Internet legal knowledge contest, are integrated, complementary and complement each other, attracting more people to participate in the publicity and education of the rule of law, so that online publicity and education of the rule of law can benefit a wider social group.

(B) the popularization of network laws and regulations

Publicity and popularization of network laws and regulations is the key content of publicity and education of network rule of law. The comprehensive popularization of network laws and regulations has improved the people’s concept of network rule of law and provided important support for cultivating a healthy, progressive, civilized and rule-of-law network ecological environment.

The popularization of network laws and regulations is integrated into the whole process of network legislation. In the process of formulating network laws and regulations, such as network security law, data security law and personal information protection law, we have widely listened to and fully absorbed the opinions of citizens, legal persons and other organizations through online and offline channels, public solicitation of opinions, discussion and demonstration, etc. When the network laws and regulations are promulgated and implemented, the public will be guided to understand the network legal knowledge and abide by the network laws and regulations by holding a press conference, answering reporters’ questions and interpreting by experts, so as to build a solid mass foundation for governing the network according to law.

Popularize network laws and regulations in a timely manner in network law enforcement and judicial activities. Around the use of the Internet to spread illegal and bad information, infringement of personal information rights and interests, telecommunication network fraud, network protection for minors and other issues of concern to the people, typical cases of network rule of law were released, and the case interpretation method was concentrated. Through the four platforms of China trial process information disclosure network, China trial disclosure network, China judgment document network and China execution information disclosure network, online judicial cases are made public. People understand the knowledge of network law in a more vivid and intuitive way, and the public has changed from bystanders to participants, supporters and propagandists.

(C) for key objects to carry out network law popularization

The authority of the law comes from the people’s inner support and sincere belief. China has carried out publicity on the rule of law around young people, Internet enterprise employees and other important legal popularization targets, guided young netizens to surf the Internet in accordance with the law, in a civilized way and safely, urged Internet enterprises to operate in compliance with laws and regulations, and raised awareness of legal risk prevention.

Strengthen the publicity and education of teenagers’ online rule of law. Teenagers are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation. The proportion of young netizens among netizens in China is increasing gradually. As the "aborigines" of the Internet, teenagers are the most active participants and practitioners in online learning, communication and life, and their legitimate rights and interests are more vulnerable to illegal activities on the Internet. Starting from protecting teenagers’ online rights and interests, promoting teenagers’ healthy growth and all-round development, China follows the law of teenagers’ physical and mental development, is close to the reality of teenagers’ study and life, and focuses on key issues such as internet addiction, cyber bullying and pornographic information on the internet. Through lively and colorful forms such as micro-variety, children’s drama, online story broadcast, online classroom, knowledge contest on learning and usage of law, vice president of rule of law coming to campus, and writing online books on law popularization, the publicity and education pattern of rule of law combining government, society, schools and families has gradually formed, which provides a comprehensive guarantee for improving the awareness of rule of law and network security literacy of young netizens.

Strengthen the awareness of Internet enterprises to operate according to law. Internet enterprises are important market players to promote the healthy development of digital economy, and law-abiding and honesty are the basic code of conduct they should abide by. China has strengthened the education and training of Internet enterprises on the rule of law, and incorporated the network laws and regulations, especially the e-commerce law, network security law, data security law, personal information protection law, anti-monopoly law, anti-unfair competition law and other laws and regulations closely related to business activities and industry development into enterprise induction training and daily training. Support Internet industry organizations to provide various forms of legal publicity and education for Internet enterprises and their employees, encourage Internet industry organizations to urge enterprises to adhere to the value orientation of paying equal attention to economic and social benefits, and guide Internet enterprises to actively fulfill their legal obligations and social responsibilities, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers according to law, and maintain a fair competitive market environment by improving industry norms, issuing industry standards, and issuing integrity initiatives.

(D) Strengthen the research and education of network rule of law

Network legal education and network legal talents are the important support and innovation power for building a network power. Facing the major theoretical problems and talent demand in the practice of network rule of law, China has initially formed an education research and talent training mechanism that combines theory with practice and adapts to system and development, providing intellectual support and talent guarantee for the construction of network rule of law.

Comprehensively improve the research ability of network rule of law. Universities and scientific research institutions have established new think tanks for the study of network rule of law, and successively established several comprehensive research bases for network rule of law. By June, 2022, there were more than 90 online legal research institutions in China. The network think tank of rule of law gives full play to the important role of "think tank", "think tank" and "talent pool", and conducts research on frontier issues such as data, algorithms and platform governance, forming a large number of academic research results. Experts and scholars deeply participate in the activities of network rule of law, strengthen investigation and research around important planning, major legislation and key reforms of network rule of law, and put forward constructive suggestions.

Strengthen the training of talents in the field of network rule of law. China systematically integrates the education of traditional law disciplines with the education of network-related disciplines. On the basis of establishing the first-class discipline of cyberspace security, some colleges and universities offer two disciplines courses such as network and information law, digital law and artificial intelligence law. Colleges and universities independently set up undergraduate majors related to network rule of law, such as network security and law enforcement. A working team engaged in the research and teaching of network law has been set up, and interdisciplinary courses integrating legal knowledge with computer science and statistics, such as network and information security, law and artificial intelligence, network law, blockchain and electronic evidence, and legal data analysis, have been taught. A series of cutting-edge, universal and practical teaching materials in the fields of network law, calculation method, data law and personal information protection law have been compiled, and a large number of compound talents with both legal professional knowledge and technical background have been trained, which has provided a foundation for the construction of a strong network country.

Sixth, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in the rule of law on the Internet.

Cyberspace is the common activity space of human beings. The global desire to promote the development of digital economy is the same, the challenges to deal with cyber security risks are the same, and the needs to strengthen cyberspace governance are the same. China actively carries out international exchanges and cooperation on the rule of law on the Internet, adheres to the principle of independence, complete equality and mutual respect, and participates in the reform of the global network governance system together with other countries in the world, so as to promote the global sharing of opportunities and achievements in the development of the Internet and work together to build a community of cyberspace destiny.

(A) actively participate in the construction of rules

China firmly upholds international fairness and justice, the international system with the United Nations at the core, the international order based on international law and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. Support all countries to participate in international governance of cyberspace on an equal footing, and formulate universally accepted international rules for cyberspace.

Support the role of the United Nations as the main channel in international network governance. Support the United Nations to formulate a global convention against cybercrime, propose and promote the adoption of a resolution by the United Nations General Assembly, set up an intergovernmental ad hoc expert committee, and constructively participate in the negotiation of the convention, calling for an authoritative and universal convention to be reached as soon as possible, so as to provide a legal basis for the international community to cooperate to meet the challenges of cybercrime. Pay attention to the key role of the United Nations in responding to international information security threats, and jointly submit the "International Code of Conduct for Information Security" to the United Nations with other member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and submit the updated text in 2015. Put forward the Global Data Security Initiative, and published the China-Arab Data Security Cooperation Initiative and the "China+Five Central Asian Countries" Data Security Cooperation Initiative with the League of Arab States and the five Central Asian countries in March 2021 and June 2022 respectively, providing a blueprint for discussing and formulating global data security rules. Participate in promoting the United Nations to reach a "code of conduct framework for responsible countries in cyberspace", and make it clear that important principles of international law, such as sovereign equality, peaceful settlement of disputes, prohibition of the use of force and non-interference in other countries’ internal affairs, are applicable to cyberspace, and that global and objective security standards for information technology product supply chains should be established. Expand cooperation with United Nations specialized agencies in network affairs, participate in UNESCO’s formulation of the Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence Ethics, and conduct extensive cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization in the field of domain name rule formulation and domain name dispute resolution.

Actively participate in the formation of regional network governance rules. Signed the Agreement on Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, and together with other 14 member countries, formed regional rules around the fields of electronic authentication and signature, online consumer protection, online personal information protection, network security, cross-border data flow, intellectual property protection, etc. At present, the chapter on e-commerce has become the international rule on e-commerce with the widest coverage, comprehensive content and high level in the world. Actively promote the accession to the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement, and participate in the formulation of high-standard rules in the field of digital economy.

(2) Conduct extensive exchanges and cooperation.

China has always supported international exchanges and cooperation in the field of cyber rule of law, actively carried out dialogue, consultation, exchanges and mutual learning, and constantly expanded and deepened the global partnership of equality, openness and cooperation, taking common progress as the driving force and win-win as the goal, and jointly promoted international governance of cyber.

Conduct bilateral and multilateral dialogues and exchanges on the rule of law on the Internet. Establish dialogue mechanisms such as Sino-Russian information security consultation mechanism, China-EU network working group mechanism, China-ASEAN network affairs dialogue mechanism, and China-Japan-ROK tripartite network consultation mechanism, and jointly hold activities such as "2019 Sino-German Internet Economic Dialogue", "China-Korea Internet Roundtable", "Medieval (Brazil) Internet Roundtable Forum" and "China-Pakistan (West) Internet Governance Seminar", and carry out practical work with relevant countries in network policies, regulations and network governance practices. Sign memorandums of cooperation on cybersecurity with Thailand and Indonesia, strengthen the exchange and sharing of cybersecurity policies and regulations, and jointly promote cybersecurity capacity building.

Strengthen international law enforcement and judicial cooperation in network security. China has reached a consensus with many countries on cooperation in the field of cyber security, and carried out in-depth and pragmatic cooperation in combating cyber terrorism and telecommunication network fraud. In the fight against cyber terrorism, through joint anti-terrorism exercises, joint border defense operations, police cooperation, judicial assistance and other forms, we will continue to deepen exchanges and cooperation with relevant countries, work together to meet threats and challenges, and jointly safeguard world peace and regional stability. In combating telecommunication network fraud, we have carried out international law enforcement and judicial cooperation, and jointly investigated major cross-border cases with many countries, and achieved remarkable results. From March to June, 2022, under the framework of Interpol, it participated in "Operation Dawn" with 75 other member countries, arrested more than 2,000 criminal suspects and intercepted illegal funds of more than 50 million US dollars, effectively curbing transnational telecommunication network fraud activities.

Work together to protect minors’ online rights and interests. Actively cooperate with international organizations such as UNICEF and the International Internet Hotline Federation, as well as relevant departments in Britain, Germany, United Arab Emirates and other countries to control online underage pornography. Join the "WePROTECT Global Alliance to End the Sexual Exploitation of Online Children" and work with more than 200 governments, enterprises and civil society organizations around the world to combat online sexual exploitation and abuse of children and create a safer online environment for children.

(C) efforts to build a dialogue platform

China has demonstrated its role as a responsible big country, actively built an international platform interconnected with the world and a China platform jointly built and shared by the Internet, which has played a positive role in keeping close contact, enhancing understanding and promoting mutual trust among countries in the field of cyber rule of law.

Build a network rule of law exchange platform through world internet conference. Since 2014, China has hosted the world internet conference for nine consecutive years, inviting representatives from governments, international organizations, Internet companies, think tanks, industry associations, technical communities and other sectors to participate. The organizing committee of the Congress issued the concept document "Building a Community of Cyberspace Destiny Together", proposing that "respect for cyberspace sovereignty and the principle of sovereign equality established in the Charter of the United Nations are the basic norms of contemporary international relations, which are also applicable to cyberspace". We issued the Action Initiative for Building a Community of Cyberspace Destiny together, proposing international exchanges and cooperation on data security and personal information protection and related rules and standards, and promoting international mutual recognition of personal information protection rules and standards in line with the purposes of the UN Charter. We will exchange legislative experience on the protection of minors, crack down on cyber crimes and cyber bullying against minors, and further improve the mechanism for cracking down on cyber crimes and cyber terrorism. Support and actively participate in the negotiation of the United Nations international convention against cyber crime, effectively coordinate the legislation and practice of various countries, and work together to deal with the threat of cyber crime and cyber terrorism.

Build a multi-form, multi-channel and multi-level network international exchange platform for the rule of law. Through multilateral platforms such as the BRICS Cooperation Mechanism, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization and the ASEAN Regional Forum, we will exchange in-depth views, experiences and practices on the construction of network rule of law, such as network legislation, law enforcement, justice and law popularization. The World Internet Rule of Law Forum was held and the Wuzhen Declaration of the World Internet Rule of Law Forum was issued to build a bridge for sharing experiences, enhancing understanding and learning from each other in the field of online justice. Support Internet industry organizations to establish international exchange platforms such as the China Internet Governance Forum, and conduct exchanges and discussions on topics such as digital inclusion and data governance, so as to promote consensus among Chinese and foreign Internet communities and jointly solve the problems faced by the development of the Internet industry. Experts and scholars are encouraged to carry out academic exchanges and share research results with international counterparts through academic forums, seminars and exchange meetings and other platforms around the frontier issues of network rule of law such as digital economy, data security and artificial intelligence governance.

Concluding remarks

In the practice of Internet development and governance, China, based on its own national conditions and drawing lessons from world experience, has formed a way of governing the Internet according to law with distinctive China characteristics. On the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, China will always adhere to the concept of governing the country and the internet according to law, promote the orderly and healthy operation of the Internet according to law, escort the high-quality development of digital China with the power of the rule of law, and provide a solid guarantee for the construction of a network power.

The Internet development dividend benefits the whole world, and it is in the interests of people all over the world to promote the development and prosperity of cyberspace according to law. Network rule of law is not only an important way of digital governance, but also an important achievement of digital civilization construction. Facing the opportunities and challenges brought by digitalization, China is willing to work with the international community to practice the concept of global governance, jointly promote the legalization of global Internet governance, make the achievements of digital civilization better benefit people of all countries, work together to build a community of cyberspace destiny, and jointly create a better future for mankind.

　　BEIJING, June 30 (Reporter Zhang Xu) The new fire safety regulations for high-rise civil buildings are coming! It is related to the safety of the owners, and the maximum fine for seven acts is 10 thousand yuan. Look quickly!

　　Recently, the Order of the Emergency Management Department (No.5) was issued: "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings" came into effect on August 1, 2021, clarifying that electric bicycles are prohibited in the corridors of high-rise civil buildings, and so on.

　　Keywords: "forbidden"

　　Fire safety must not be taken lightly, and prohibiting all kinds of unsafe behaviors is the top priority.

　　It is found that "prohibition" has become a high-frequency keyword in the Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings, and the full text has appeared 20 times in total.

　　Such as:

　　It is forbidden to install, modify or dismantle gas equipment and appliances without authorization in violation of the provisions on the safe use of gas.

　　Prohibit the use of liquefied petroleum gas in the underground part of high-rise civil buildings.

　　It is forbidden to produce, store and deal in Class A and Class B fire dangerous goods in high-rise civil buildings in violation of state regulations.

　　It is forbidden to occupy cable wells and pipe wells, or pile up sundries in vertical pipe wells such as cable wells and pipe wells.

　　It is forbidden to set obstacles that affect escape and fire fighting and rescue in the external windows of high-rise civil buildings.

　　It is forbidden to set up overhead pipelines, billboards, decorations and other obstacles that hinder the operation of fire engines above the passage of fire engines and on the climbing operation surface.

　　It is forbidden to occupy the refuge floor (room) and the refuge walkway of high-rise civil buildings or pile up sundries, and it is forbidden to lock the refuge floor (room) and the entrance and exit of the refuge walkway.

　　It is forbidden to park or charge electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation walkways, stairwells and safety exits of high-rise civil buildings..

　　… …

　　"No parking of battery cars in the corridor" has become popular.

　　After the publication of "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings", it is forbidden to park battery cars in corridors, which has become the focus of network attention.

　　In recent years, due to irregular parking and charging and technical problems, battery car fires frequently occur, causing great losses to people’s lives and property safety. Since the beginning of this year, several fire incidents that occurred in the battery car upstairs have become hot topics, such as "five people were injured by fire in the elevator of the battery car" and so on.

　　It is forbidden to park or charge electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation walkways, stairwells and safety exits of high-rise civil buildings. How to park electric bicycles for residents? What about charging?

　　"Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings" proposes that:

　　"Encourage the establishment of centralized storage and charging places for electric bicycles in high-rise residential quarters. Electric bicycle storage and charging places should be set up independently and keep a safe distance from high-rise civil buildings; If it is really necessary to set it in a high-rise civil building, it should be separated from other parts of the building by fire prevention. "

　　"The storage and charging places of electric bicycles should be equipped with necessary fire-fighting equipment, and the charging facilities should have full automatic power-off function."

　　In order to ensure safety, there should be encouragement and punishment, and the Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings also clarifies the relevant legal responsibilities.

　　Seven kinds of behavior, the maximum fine of 10 thousand yuan.

　　According to the Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-rise Civil Buildings:

　　(a) in high-rise civil buildings, electric welding, gas welding and other open flame operations, failing to perform hot work approval procedures, making an announcement, or failing to implement fire scene monitoring measures;

　　(2) Outdoor billboards and external decorations set up in high-rise civil buildings hinder smoke control, escape and fire fighting and rescue, or change or destroy the fire prevention structure of the building facade;

　　(three) the prompt and warning signs of the external wall insulation materials are not set, or the damaged, cracked and detached external wall insulation system is not repaired in time;

　　(four) failing to implement the duty system of the fire control room in accordance with the provisions, or arranging personnel who do not have the corresponding conditions to be on duty;

　　(five) failing to establish a full-time fire brigade, volunteer fire brigade and other fire control organizations in accordance with the provisions;

　　(six) due to maintenance and other needs to stop using the building fire protection facilities without announcement, failure to formulate emergency plans or failure to implement preventive measures;

　　(seven) in the high-rise civil buildings in the public hall, evacuation corridors, stairwells, emergency exits to park electric bicycles or charge electric bicycles, refused to correct.

　　The above seven acts shall be ordered by the fire rescue agency to make corrections, and the business units and individuals shall be fined between 2,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan, and the non-business units and individuals shall be fined between 500 yuan and 1000 yuan.

　　In addition, other fire safety violations in violation of these provisions shall be punished in accordance with the Fire Protection Law and relevant laws and regulations; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. Fire rescue institutions and their staff abuse their powers, neglect their duties or engage in malpractices for selfish ends in the fire control supervision and inspection of high-rise civil buildings, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Fire safety should not be underestimated, so please pay attention to it. (End)

CCTV News:The State Council Press Office held a press conference at 10: 00 a.m. on July 16th. Liu Aihua, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics and director of the National Economic Statistics Department, introduced the national economic operation in the first half of 2020 and answered questions from reporters. Liu Aihua said that the decline in investment in fixed assets has narrowed significantly, and investment in high-tech industries and social sectors has rebounded.

Liu Aihua introduced that in the first half of the year, the national investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) was 28,160.3 billion yuan, down 3.1% year-on-year, with a decrease ratio of 1-mdash; It narrowed by 3.2 percentage points in May, which was 13.0 percentage points lower than that in the first quarter. In terms of fields, investment in infrastructure decreased by 2.7%, while investment in manufacturing decreased by 11.7%, which was 17.0 and 13.5 percentage points lower than that in the first quarter respectively. Investment in real estate development increased by 1.9%, down by 7.7% in the first quarter. The national commercial housing sales area was 694.04 million square meters, down 8.4%; The sales volume of commercial housing was 6,689.5 billion yuan, down 5.4%, and the decline rate was narrowed by 17.9 and 19.3 percentage points respectively compared with the first quarter. In terms of industries, investment in the primary industry increased by 3.8%, and decreased by 13.8% in the first quarter; Investment in the secondary industry decreased by 8.3%, and investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 1.0%, which were 13.6 and 12.5 percentage points narrower than those in the first quarter respectively. Private investment was 1,578.67 billion yuan, down 7.3%, and the decline rate was 11.5 percentage points narrower than that in the first quarter. Investment in high-tech industries increased by 6.3%, down by 12.1% in the first quarter; Among them, investment in high-tech manufacturing and high-tech service industries increased by 5.8% and 7.2% respectively. In high-tech manufacturing, the investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing, computer and office equipment manufacturing increased by 13.6% and 8.2% respectively; Among the high-tech service industries, the investment in e-commerce service industry and scientific and technological achievements transformation service industry increased by 32.0% and 21.8% respectively.Investment in social fields increased by 5.3%, down by 8.8% in the first quarter; Among them, investment in health and education increased by 15.2% and 10.8% respectively, and decreased by 0.9% and 4.0% respectively in the first quarter. From the ring comparison, investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) increased by 5.91% in June compared with the previous month.

1905 movie network news Recently, a family comedy film starring Tommy Tam, the golden horse winner, and Jessica Hester Hsuan, a popular actress, held a national premiere in Beijing. Tommy Tam attended and shared his experience and interesting things with fans.

The domestic family comedy "I’m from new york" stars Tommy Tam, the Golden Horse winner, and Jessica Hester Hsuan, the best actress, and children actors Chen Qinlin, Chen Zhishen and Ding Hailun from Yongzhe culture participate in the performance. The film tells that Lin Sijia, a little girl, lived in new york since she was a child, and was later sent to her grandfather Agan’s residence because of her mother’s job transfer — Guangzhou. Grandpa is an old man in China with traditional ideas, which is totally opposite to his granddaughter’s ideas from new york. From the beginning of their conflict with each other, the two men have a warm story of mutual understanding and companionship.

Tommy Tam, the golden horse winner, once again challenged the action drama after 32 years.

When it comes to Tommy Tam, he is a household name. He once won the "Best Actor Award" in the 23rd Golden Horse Award for Taiwanese Film with his wonderful performance in the film. Playing a grandfather in the south of China in the movie "I’m from new york" looks rigid and stern, but in fact he is hard-spoken and soft-hearted, and extremely loving. Interestingly, Tommy Tam plays a retired old Chinese doctor in this film, who specializes in treating traumatic injuries and practicing Wing Chun boxing. After 32 years, I saw Tommy Tam’s action drama on the big screen again, which also made the audience shout.

Tommy Tam, who is famous for his martial arts action drama, can he control emotional films? This is also a concern of most viewers who haven’t watched the movie. After watching the movie at the premiere, Dillon used exquisite performances to dispel this concern and praised: "It’s really an old opera bone"!

At the premiere, fans celebrated Tommy Tam’s 73rd birthday in advance. Tommy Tam was moved to share with you: after many twists and turns in filming this play, there is a saying in Guangdong that "peaches, reds, willows, greens and flowers are all irrigated". Ding Yongzhe, the producer and chief producer, especially loved this play, made many arrangements and promotion, and sincerely thanked him. And use a poem to express the mood at the scene. "The fire tree and the silver flower are combined, and the star bridge is opened." The crowd surged, the dust float in the sky under the hoofs of the horses; Moonlight all over every corner, where people can see the moon overhead. "It can be seen that Tommy Tam has deep feelings for this work.

Domestic quality masterpieces are more socially responsible.

The premiere of the film I’m from new york was well received, but what is even more touching is its profound sense of social responsibility. Ding Yongzhe, the producer and chief producer, admits that it is his pursuit to be meticulous and strive for perfection, and it is the responsibility of a filmmaker to carry forward positive values that can guide most people to correct values.

Ding Yongzhe summed up "I’m from new york" with the word "innovation". The film started to understand China’s traditional cultural values from the perspective of overseas Chinese, and penetrated the three family structure forms that China needs to pay attention to at present-the elderly living alone, single-parent children and divorced mothers, and explained the value of family and family and the establishment of children’s family concept from a very unique perspective. The reality close to reality reproduces the current situation of most families in China. Director Zhang Juexi injected the spiritual core into the film with subtle expression and simple but not simple emotional concepts. This is also a big reason why the audience is moved silently in the process of watching movies.

In addition, the audience can feel the excellent quality of the film, and in this respect, producer Luo Deming contributed. With his rich experience and control of film language, he made a deep check on the film I’m from new york. It is such a strong team and conscientious United struggle that the audience can see today’s I’m from new york.

Pay attention to the topic of family relations and carry forward Chinese traditional virtues

The movie "I’m from new york" doesn’t use grand scenes, but focuses on the real family life, giving the audience the enlightenment and feeling that is closest to themselves. As Tommy Tam said at the premiere: "The film is to give the audience a kind of spiritual enjoyment, as well as a kind of emotional resonance, rational understanding and intellectual enlightenment. Simply put, after watching a good movie, I will think about it, read it, and tell my good friends that this is a movie that should not be missed. "

As we all know, a good film core must have temperature and positive energy, and carry forward our traditional Chinese virtues. We are delighted to see that I’m from new york has done it at this point. I believe that with the release of the film and being seen by more and more people, this film core with temperature will also infect more people.

The family comedy "I’m from new york" will be released nationwide on August 18th.

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Changan Auchan X5 has a stylish and dynamic design. The front face adopts a hexagonal large-size air intake grille, and the interior is filled with a diamond grid, which brings a strong visual impact. Sharp LED headlights on both sides are connected with the air intake grille, creating a wide visual effect. The body lines are smooth, and the slip-back design is adopted to show the sports style. The design of the rear part is simple and powerful, and the penetrating taillights echo the front face, making the whole car look more fashionable and young.

Changan Auchan X5 has a body size of 4490*1860*1580mm and a wheelbase of 2710mm, showing a compact and dynamic appearance. The side lines of the car are smooth, with the front wheel track of 1580mm and the rear wheel track of 1595mm, which makes the car more stable when driving. Tyre size is 225/50 R18, with fashionable rim design, which further enhances the sense of movement of the vehicle.

Changan Auchan X5′ s interior design is simple and full of science and technology, focusing on modernity and comfort. The steering wheel is wrapped in leather material, which is comfortable to hold and supports manual adjustment up and down to meet the needs of different drivers. The size of the central control panel is 10.25 inches, with smooth operation and rich multimedia functions. The car is equipped with USB and Type-C interfaces to facilitate charging and data transmission. The seat is made of leather and fabric. The main seat supports front and back, backrest and height adjustment, while the auxiliary seat supports front and back and backrest adjustment. At the same time, the rear seat supports proportional tilting, which improves the flexibility and practicability of the space.

Changan Auchan X5 is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine, with a powerful power of 188 horsepower, a peak power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300 N m.. This engine is matched with a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, which brings excellent acceleration performance and smooth shifting experience to the driver.

Said: "The appearance is definitely the biggest highlight. The front of the car is high, the whole body is relatively low, and the body lines are also very sporty. The headlights and the front face are very domineering, but the lights are a little darker. "