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Original: Wang Zhongxin Weekly

How long has it been since you watched a TV series at normal speed? /"Sweet honey is heavy as frost"

No more than 40 episodes, can not save the "water injection TV series."

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

The end of the summer, in addition to the "school month", there are dramas chased in the summer vacation.

A Cui, a junior girl who is both a "rice circle girl" and a "drama master", this summer, in addition to her internship, she also chased three TV dramas that were highly discussed on the Internet.

She calculated that the three dramas add up to more than 150 episodes, which is longer than the two Empresses in the Palace’s combined.

If you carefully count the number of domestic dramas in recent years, you will find that it seems that you haven’t seen a short and pithy domestic drama for a long time, whether it is a big explosion or a silent broadcast.

There are also 42 episodes of "Dear, Dear", which has become a new slogan. /Figure "Dear, Dear"

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

Giant system is not necessarily "high quality", but it is really long enough! It is not uncommon to take off in 50 or 60 episodes, even the length of 70 or 80 episodes. This huge number alone makes people lose the courage to follow the drama.

Biography of the Harem Zhen Huan, 76 episodes; Story of Yanxi Palace, 70 episodes; Sweet honey is as heavy as frost, 63 episodes; Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace has reached an astonishing 87 episodes …

Not long ago, the topic "# The General Administration plans to stipulate that the drama series should not exceed 40 episodes #" detonated the network. According to the report, the State Administration of Radio and Television is studying the policy of limiting the number of TV dramas and soliciting opinions from the industry. It is proposed to stipulate the upper limit of the number of episodes, and the upper limit is 40 episodes.

Can 40 episodes really prevent water flooding? /Caixin. com

Limiting the maximum number of episodes to 40 episodes can save domestic dramas that are flooded with water, but at least it can save domestic drama audiences who are forced to chase long dramas every day.

Contemporary human pursuit of drama daily life

Catch up with 100 episodes in one breath

Little friends who have chased domestic dramas know a "hidden rule", and now domestic dramas have a "fixed number of episodes".

There are no seventy or eighty episodes of costume drama, but forty or fifty episodes are the basic discs of modern drama. When did these series get longer and longer?

According to the "Recording of National TV Drama Production" published by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, the average number of episodes of domestic TV dramas has gradually increased since 2012, and in December 2015, it exceeded 40 episodes for the first time (40.95 episodes). From 2016 to 2018, the average number of episodes exceeded 40 frequently.

There are 74 episodes recorded and filmed in July 2019 alone. /SARFT website

Domestic dramas generally exceed 40 episodes, mainly after 2015.

The latest "Notice of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on the Filing and Publicity of National TV Series Shooting and Production in July 2019" updated the figures: In July 2019, there were 74 plays and 3,030 episodes of national TV series shooting and production.

74, 3030 episodes! A little calculation, the result is really amazing: the average number of episodes is 40.95, which has exceeded the envisaged upper limit of 40 episodes.

As the saying goes, "You have Zhang Liangji and I have a wall ladder". The "big production" of 70 or 80 episodes can’t slow down the speed of people’s drama pursuit, and thus a variety of new black technologies and skill guides for drama pursuit have been born.

One of the most familiar interface operations for drama girls.

It is only the first step for a qualified domestic drama audience to get used to using major video websites instead of TV sets. Xiaochao, a girl in the rice circle, summed up her three-step pursuit of drama-

The first step is to skip the beginning and end of the film; Step 2, start double-speed playback; The third step is to select only the selected single clip version you want to see.

Such an operation is as fierce as a tiger. Usually, a 45-minute episode can be finished in 15-20 minutes. Three steps down, chasing dozens of episodes of so easy in one day.

It is no exaggeration to say that double-speed playback has become the standard for young people to watch dramas nowadays. But when to play at double speed, when to watch at double speed, or even when to skip directly, there are many skills behind it.

If you can’t watch the TV series, just watch the barrage.

Ruyu, who claims to be a tenth-class fan of domestic dramas, often teaches others her "three axes necessary for double speed": memories, empty mirrors and slow motion, inner monologues or meaningless dialogues. As long as you encounter the above content, you can choose double-speed playback or even skip it directly without hesitation.

There are two kinds of memories, one is "Previously on Life", so skip it directly. The other is "flashback", such as the memories of the protagonist at the critical moment. Originally speaking, flashback can help the audience understand the plot, but most of the time, it is used by post-editing to piece together the plot, so it can also be skipped.

Not to mention an empty mirror. Lots of natural scenes, empty scenes without characters and slow-motion scenes without dialogue-unless you want to enjoy the background soundtrack at the moment, you’d better skip it.

I’m here to see people, not beautiful scenery. /"to the sky kingdom"

The last one is a bit difficult to judge, and it depends on personal preference. For example, in the TV series "Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5", such a typical meaningless dialogue, I believe it is difficult for someone to bear to watch it-

"How many associates are there here?"

"Here is a person."

"Eleven people?"

"Not eleven people, but one person."

"Twenty-one people? Say! Where are they hiding? "

"You heard wrong, actually alone."

"Seventy-one people, you think I’m stupid, such a small place!"

"Fool, you heard wrong again. Here is a person."

"ninety-one people!" "250, it’s one person."

"251 people, you really think I’m stupid!"

Excuse me, are you dizzy?

If it’s still too long, you can watch pictures and follow dramas in Weibo, Douban and WeChat official account, or open bilibili and choose xx minutes to watch the xx series.

The audience really saw a fire. /"Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5"

Why has the double-speed pursuit of drama become the daily pursuit of drama for contemporary young people? That’s because there is no triple or quadruple broadcast.

The latest news is: Now, all major video platforms have launched triple speed playback, triple speed! Is this speed rushing out of Asia and walking in the forefront of the world?

I just don’t know if you look at it this way. Are you watching movies or just watching a movie?

What are you doing so fast? It’s not a race against time. /"Lola Run"

Waist or continue life, see the real chapter by quality.

Film and television, a world-wide art, is of course deeply loved by people all over the world. After all, "couch potatoes" became popular in the United States as early as the 1960s.

How do foreigners chase dramas?

People who have seen American TV shows are familiar with the word "season". American TV shows are usually divided into seasons, and the number of episodes per season usually does not exceed 24.

The memories of countless people’s youth will always stay in the 12th season. /Figure "The Big Bang Theory" screenshot

The broadcast of American TV series is indeed characterized by "seasons". The dramas broadcast in autumn usually run from September to May of the following year, and the first half of each season is usually 10-13 episodes. After three months of broadcast, it will usher in the winter break (Hiatus).

During the winter break, TV executives can get ratings survey data and audience feedback, and they will use these indicators to evaluate the value of the new drama, whether to renew it or cut it? Speak entirely on the data that has been broadcast.

English dramas are even tougher. Although it is also a season, the number of episodes per season is about 3-9. Sherlock and Black Mirror, which are familiar to the audience in China, have only three episodes each season-obviously, unlike the long masterpieces of domestic dramas, overseas dramas pursue simplicity and liveliness.

Let’s look at Japan and South Korea next door.

After a lapse of seven years, the phenomenal drama Naoki Banze will finally usher in its second season next year. /"Naoki Nakazawa"

Japanese dramas, which are famous for their brevity, usually have 11-12 episodes. Even the most popular TV series will usually only launch an SP (Fanpian) with a length of about 50 minutes as a follow-up, and there are few sequels, "Never bow to the length". Korean dramas are slightly longer than Japanese dramas, and the total number of episodes of a single drama is usually around 20 episodes.

As we all know, Korean dramas had a period called "foot-binding cloth". For example, many childhood memories of the post-80s and post-90s "Dae Jang Geum" were as long as 54 episodes, and the duration of each episode was actually one hour.

In terms of broadcast mode and the length of episodes, there is no absolute difference between good and bad, not to mention that applying the production mode of overseas dramas to China will definitely have a good broadcast effect.

The longest-lived American TV series "Our Days" even has more than 10,000 episodes, and it is still not over. /"Our Days"

The most important and only responsibility of a TV series is to tell the story well.

In order to control the quality, overseas dramas are usually broadcast while shooting. Whether there is a next season or even an episode depends on the quality. It may be halved at any time, and it can also be a long-lived drama.

The classic American drama Lie to Me also stopped for three seasons because of quality problems. "Don’t Lie to me" solved the case through the eye-catching micro-expression polygraph method, and its novel setting attracted people’s attention at home and abroad, which once set a brilliant record in psychological drama. Up to now, there are many traces of paying tribute to it in film and television works at home and abroad.

However, after entering the third season, the ratings of "Don’t Lie to me" continued to be low, and received comments such as "lost freshness". In the end, it was mercilessly cut down by the TV station on the grounds of "audience aesthetic fatigue"-you know, Fox TV, which belongs to this series, is a character who is so determined that he can not hesitate to cut his back even the "entry-level drama" Prison Break.

The most classic "mind-reading detective" /"Don’t lie to me"

It can be seen that the quality of the series is not directly related to the length, and the length is only the most basic indicator.

In the final analysis, a 40-episode "water-injected TV series", even if compressed into 20 episodes, should be filled with water.

Some plays have too many episodes.

Some plays are 400 episodes.

If it is true, a good drama is not afraid of length, and 80 episodes of "Legend of Wulin" are not too tired to watch every day.

The top ten domestic dramas in Douban are many excellent works with more than 40 episodes of word-of-mouth and length. 46 episodes of Ming Dynasty 1566, 59 episodes of Towards the Republic and 80 episodes of Legend of Wulin are among the top five masterpieces.

I even want to watch 800 episodes. /"Wulin Biography"

The problem of "water injection TV series" is not "length", but "water"

However, why is it "water injection", which has become an unavoidable disease of the times in domestic dramas?

The root of this problem lies in that "episode" is not only the time node of TV drama creation, but also the basic unit of cost accounting and trading exchange: the more episodes a TV drama with a fixed cost can finally be edited, the more the cost is diluted, and the higher the income of the producer will naturally be.

This has also led to an endless stream of ways of "water injection" in film and television dramas.

From the simplest and rudest adding useless dialogues and useless scenes, repeating flashbacks, to adding supporting characters and over-rendering subplots, injecting water from the source of the script, and then inserting frequent oral advertisements, using clips to forcibly lengthen the duration, the water injection of film and television dramas has penetrated into all levels of editing, content creation and income return.

Previously, it took up a third of the length. /"Do you know if it should be green, fat and thin?"

In 2017, "Ode to Joy 2", although the ratings were good, was vomited by many viewers. Some viewers counted down and found that the producers stuffed as many as 51 brands in the play! Others spit out: the drama constantly pieced together the number of episodes with unnecessary plots such as music, characters’ memories and quarrels, and the whole drama was expanded to 55 episodes.

Ode to Joy 2 is not a case. Sun Li’s "The Full Moon Blossoms That Year" showed 50 episodes in the shooting and the previous press release, but it was 74 episodes in the final broadcast, which was a full "note" of 24 episodes.

For film and television dramas, the increase or decrease of the number of episodes may change the narrative way of the whole drama. If the drama is so bad, the masterpiece can’t escape the suspicion of water injection.

As an anti-corruption drama, the phenomenal work "in the name of people" triggered a ratings frenzy. However, the screenwriter admitted that for the sake of commercial benefits, the content of the original 40 episodes was finally "watered" by 15 episodes and written into 55 episodes.

A really good drama even dares to take a "waist cut" to shame itself. /"Kua Times"

The length of a long drama is to make it more handsome and atmospheric, not to facilitate "water injection". Hong Kong TV series, which is good at shooting long dramas, is a good example. Taking TVB as an example, it has produced 107 episodes of Genesis, 65 episodes of Men in Heaven and Earth, and 62 episodes of Passion in Heaven and Earth. Although the length of these plays is long, they all achieve high plot density, large amount of information and exciting.

2017 is the 50th anniversary of the establishment of TVB, and the drama "Kuadai" was the heavyweight drama of that year. At the press conference of Kua Times, starring Bobby Au—Yeung mentioned that the first boast of the play was that it was 50 episodes long.

The "length" of the drama series is not the original sin. Fans, no one wants to catch up with a long series full of water at double or triple speed. What they really want is to catch up with any good drama worth thinking easily without any double speed-it’s really not a big problem if it doesn’t grow long.

Author | Wang Zhongzhong

The new weekly was originally produced, and it is forbidden to reprint without permission.

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Original porridge medical digestive liver disease channel included in the topic #2020 CGC18.

I’ve heard of many kinds of vaccines. Is there an Hp vaccine?

Speaking of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), I think everyone is familiar with it. Hp is a gram-negative spiral bacteria, which mainly spreads from person to person through oral route [1]. The infection rate of Hp in Chinese is very high, exceeding 50%, and the current research proves that Hp has an ambiguous relationship with gastric cancer, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified it as a grade I carcinogen of gastric cancer.

Traditional treatment has always relied mainly on acid inhibitors combined with antibiotics to eliminate Hp to treat related diseases caused by it, but the abuse of antibiotics has led to the rising drug resistance rate of Hp. So, can we eradicate Hp? I’ve heard of many kinds of vaccines. Is there an Hp vaccine?

At the just-concluded 20th National Academic Conference on Digestive Diseases of Chinese Medical Association, Professor Zou Quanming from the Biopharmaceutical Teaching and Research Section of the Department of Pharmacy of Army Military Medical University gave a wonderful report on the theme "How far is Hp vaccine from us?".

Do we need Hp vaccine?

First of all, Professor Zou Quanming raised a question: Do we need Hp vaccine?

▎Hp is closely related to gastric cancer and has serious harm.

At present, there are three different views on Hp in the medical field:

1. The pathogenicity of Hp is serious, and vaccine is needed for radical cure;

2. Hp is still helpful to the human body, even probiotics;

3. Hp and human beings have coexisted for a long time, and their existence is reasonable.

These different viewpoints have seriously affected the research and appearance of Hp vaccine.

According to the data released by the National Cancer Center in 2017, there are about 680,000 new cases of gastric cancer in China each year, accounting for nearly one-third of all cancers in China, accounting for about 50% of the total incidence in the world, and the mortality rate also accounts for about 50% of the world total. Hp infection can almost always cause active inflammation of gastric mucosa. On the basis of chronic inflammation, some patients can also develop a series of diseases such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer (1%).

Hp infection has brought great disease burden and economic loss to people, but at present, people pay insufficient attention to Hp. Professor Zou Quanming emphasized that Hp is very harmful and we need Hp vaccine.

▎ At present, antibiotics are used to treat Hp, but the symptoms are not cured.

Traditional treatment has always relied mainly on acid inhibitors combined with antibiotics to eliminate Hp to treat related diseases, but antibiotics can only eliminate the existence of individual Hp or suppress its proliferation, and can not achieve the goal of eradicating Hp for the whole society. And the drug resistance caused by frequent use of antibiotics, such as clarithromycin and metronidazole, has become a serious problem in some countries. In addition, the use of antibacterial therapy to eradicate Hp is not sustainable. In some countries, the annual recurrence rate of Hp is as high as 15%-30%.

Professor Zou Quanming said that China, Japan, South Korea and other countries in the Far East, including many countries in Eastern Europe, have a high incidence of gastric cancer. Under the condition of extensive vaccination, even if the hidden Hp infection of patients is not detected, the incidence of gastric cancer can be reduced. In developed countries, it is calculated that a 10-year vaccination program can greatly reduce the prevalence of ulcer and gastric cancer caused by Hp, and also reduce the incidence of related diseases and economic losses.

Basic questions to be answered in Hp vaccine research

However, the research of Hp vaccine is not smooth sailing. Professor Zou Quanming pointed out that it is very difficult to study Hp vaccine and the following problems need to be solved:

1. Why is the immune response caused by natural infection of the host not protective?

2. What are the mechanisms and differences between immune protective response and pathological injury?

3. Screening and transformation of vaccine effective antigen?

In addition, the immune mechanism of Hp infection is very complicated.

Figure 1: Infection immune mechanism of 1：Hp

Research progress of preventive Hp vaccine

Next, Professor Zou Quanming introduced the research progress of Hp vaccine at home and abroad:

Figure 2: Research progress of Hp vaccine at home and abroad.

Professor Zou Quanming and his research team established the strategy of "intramolecular adjuvant mucosal vaccine of Hp", which has been verified by practice. This technique can produce sIgA antibody in gastrointestinal mucus (which is completely different from serum IgG antibody), thus blocking Hp infection.

Fig. 3: Mechanism of action of intramolecular adjuvant mucosal vaccine of 3：Hp.

Animal experiments show that the protective rate of the oral recombinant Hp vaccine in mice, rats and rhesus monkeys is more than 80%.

In addition, Professor Zou Quanming and his research team established an efficient system for screening components of Hp vaccine for the first time, and successfully constructed an engineering strain of Hp vaccine that can be used for production. More than 300 strains of Hp and more than 1,500 candidate protein components were collected from patients in 20 provinces and cities in China, and finally the Hp vaccine components were selected, and an efficient and stable vaccine purification process was established. The purity of the produced vaccine protein was over 80%, and the output was 400,000 mg/time (reaching the production scale).

In 2015, the clinical research results of "Oral Helicobacter pylori vaccine phase III" conducted by Professor Zou Quanming and his research team were published online in the top medical journal The Lancet.

Figure 4: The research results are published online in The Lancet.

In this study, more than 30 technical specifications, standards and experimental detection technologies necessary for human clinical trials of Hp vaccine I, II and III were established. And through the invention and creation of the above key technologies, more than 4,000 volunteers aged 6-15 have been developed and completed in phase I, II and III human clinical trials.

Figure 5: Distribution and shedding of subjects

Figure 6: Analysis results of infection prevention effect

The results showed that there were 64 cases of Hp infection during the follow-up period, that is, 14 cases were infected in the vaccine group (2025 people) and 51 cases were infected in the control group (2058 people). The total protection rate of oral recombinant Hp vaccine against infection was 71.8%.

In terms of safety, 157 (7%) people in the experimental group and 161 (7%) people in the control group had one or more adverse reactions during the study. Among them, 5 (< 1%) people in the experimental group and 7 (< 1%) people in the control group had serious adverse reactions, but they all thought it had nothing to do with vaccination [2].

This shows that oral recombinant Hp vaccine is "effective, safe and immunogenic" among children who are not infected with Hp, which can significantly reduce the incidence of Hp infection.

Professor Zou Quanming said that he also took the Hp vaccine at that time. Up to now, he has been tested for Hp once a year, and the results have been negative.

This study is the first phase III trial of Hp vaccine in the world. Professor Philip Sutton of Melbourne University in Australia made a special comment on this study: "The successful development of this vaccine has taken an important step towards preventing gastric cancer caused by Hp. This will rekindle human passion for this important topic, further encourage more investment, and promote continuous progress in this field through in-depth clinical trials. "

The Hp vaccine is still in the approval stage and has not been approved for marketing. At the scene, Professor Zou Quanming also expressed his expectation and called on academic organizations and Hp study groups to jointly promote the listing of Hp vaccine.

Reference source:

[1] Chinese Medical Association, et al. Guidelines for primary diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection (2019). Chinese Journal of General Practitioners .2020,5 (19) 5.

[2]Ming Zeng,Prof Xu-Hu Mao,et,al.Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of an Oral Recombinant Helicobacter pylori Vaccine in Children in China: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial.The Lancet.2015,6(30).

Review of this article

Professor Cao xiaocang

Chief physician, professor, master tutor of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital of Gastroenterology.

Member of Digestive Endoscopy Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group of Digestive Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Vice Chairman of the Youth Committee of Behavioral Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association

Member of Clinical Epidemiology Collaboration Group of Digestive Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Member of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Committee of Gastroenterology Branch of China Medical Equipment Association.

Member of anorectal difficult disease Committee of inflammatory bowel disease Committee of anorectal physician branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association

Member of Expert Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gastroenterology Professional Committee, China Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.

Member of the Expert Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease of Beijing Medical Award Foundation.

Standing Committee of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Alliance of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation, Standing Committee of Intestinal Microecology Professional Committee

Standing Committee of the Committee of Stem Cell Engineering Technology Branch of China Biomedical Engineering Society

Vice Chairman of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group of Gastroenterology Branch of Tianjin Medical Association

This article starts: medical digestive liver disease channel

Author: CGC report group porridge

Original title: Helicobacter pylori vaccine, how far is it from us? 》

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　　Zhang Shaobo (left), head of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang, is observing the growth of crops. Information picture

　　Ten thousand mu of paddy fields in Qixing Farm of Great Northern Wilderness. Gao Pengfei photo/bright picture

　　Liao Yongxia investigated the growth process of soybean in the field. Information picture

　　Xu Xide (middle) looks at the growth of seedlings in the experimental field. Information picture

　　[New Journey of Strengthening the Country with Talents]

　　The spring is chilly, and the black land on both sides of the road in the hinterland of Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province is still covered with snow as far as the eye can see. Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation Group Co., Ltd. (formerly known as "Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau") is located in laboratories all over the country, but it is already in full swing and full of vitality.

　　In the laboratory of Jiangchuan Branch of Kenfeng Seed Industry of Beidahuang Group, technicians are conducting a sampling germination test of rice seeds to ensure that growers can "safely plant" during spring ploughing. In Qixing Agricultural Technology Extension Center, the post-doctoral innovation practice base of Heilongjiang Province has just settled here, which will provide more talent support and scientific research motivation for increasing grain production and income.

　　In September, 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the modernization of China cannot be separated from agricultural modernization, and the key to agricultural modernization lies in science and technology and talents. It is necessary to put the development of agricultural science and technology in a more prominent position, vigorously promote agricultural mechanization and intelligence, and insert the wings of science and technology into agricultural modernization. On September 28th of the same year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, when presiding over the symposium on further promoting the revitalization of Northeast China, pointed out that various measures should be taken to create the conditions for keeping people in mind, so that all kinds of talents can feel at ease, settle down and work in peace.

　　Over the years, Beidahuang Group has kept in mind the entrustment, made every effort to create a talent environment of "keeping people in mind", cultivated a high-level agricultural science and technology talent team, took root in Beidahuang’s innovation and entrepreneurship, and helped increase grain production and income. In 2022, the grain output of the Great Northern Wilderness reached "19 consecutive harvests", with a total grain output of 45.13 billion Jin, making the national grain safety ballast stone more stable.

　　1. Make every effort to break through the "neck-stuck" technology of provenance.

　　"You must plant this year &lsquo; Longken 2021&rsquo; Rice, the effect is very good. Last year, I had a bumper harvest after trial planting, with an average yield of more than 1,300 kilograms per mu. " At present, it is the season of preparing for farming, and Zhang Jinghui, a big planter in Qixing Farm, will recommend it to everyone.

　　In Nanfan Base of Kenfeng Seed Industry, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 4,000 kilometers away, Xu Xide, the chief rice breeding expert, wore rain boots, camouflage clothes and a big straw hat to observe the growth of rice with the research team in the scorching sun. "Conventional breeding of a new variety takes about 10 to 12 years from hybridization to test to variety approval. Southern breeding can speed up breeding and shorten breeding time." Xu Xide took off his straw hat and wiped a handful of bean-sized sweat on his forehead.

　　Seed is the "chip" of agriculture. In order to solve the technical problem of "sticking the neck" of provenance, Kenfeng Seed Industry of Beidahuang increased investment in scientific research, built a high-level R&D talent team and introduced high-level scientific research personnel through various channels. In 2013, Xu Xide joined Kenfeng Seed Industry to form a rice breeding innovation team.

　　"Here, we don’t talk about heroes by the number of papers, but by the achievements of scientific research and innovation. We put all our energy into scientific research, relying on the rich germplasm resources bank of enterprises and modern breeding laboratories to combine conventional breeding with biological breeding, with remarkable results. At present, the team can approve 10 to 15 varieties a year." Rooted in the land of three rivers, in the past 10 years, Xu Xide led the scientific research team to cultivate more than 20 high-quality rice varieties.

　　In order to encourage researchers to industrialize scientific research achievements, Kenfeng Seed Industry will give certain rewards to researchers according to the transformation amount of scientific research achievements and variety sales. This incentive policy enables "Longken 2021" to be quickly transformed into "Kenchuanxiang" brand.

　　"Ken is made up of roots and soil, Sichuan represents water, and incense is made up of grain and sun, which means the vast Sanjiang Plain at the foot of Wanda Mountain in the south of Xiaoxing ‘an Mountains. The rivers are vertical and horizontal, and the soil is fertile, which is fertile ground for the growth of high-quality rice." From the design of brand name, it shows Xu Xide’s intention and love. "In the future, we will &lsquo; Kenchuanxiang &rsquo; It has become the core product of high-quality rice in the Great Northern Wilderness Group, which has promoted the industrialization of rice in the central and eastern parts of Heilongjiang Province and made the rice in the Great Northern Wilderness float across the country and even the world. "

　　Xu Xide has been engaged in rice breeding for 35 years since he joined the work in 1988. "A grain of rice not only provides life energy for human beings, but also is the basis for breeding the next generation. In the future, we will cultivate more high-yield and high-quality varieties, so that China rice bowls can contain more China grain. " Xu Xide said that year after year, seeing the seeds he cultivated flourish in the fields, his heart is full of vitality and strength.

　　2.“&lsquo; Tukela &rsquo; It’s full of high technology. "

　　In the Soil Laboratory of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang, Han Bangdong, the head of the fertilizer testing project, is making a "soil testing formula fertilization card" for growers: "After the autumn harvest, we collect black soil samples from different plots to test and analyze the organic matter content. Not only can accurate fertilization be achieved, but also soil hardening caused by excessive fertilization can be avoided, thus protecting black land. "

　　Han Bangdong, born in 1994, can be regarded as "three generations of cultivation". Seeing the hard work of grandfather and father, Han Bangdong was determined to learn advanced agricultural technology from an early age to make farming less hard. He volunteered for the college entrance examination, and he filled in the agronomy major.

　　Soil testing, formula fertilization, variable fertilization, and non-stirring technology for drought leveling & HELIP; &hellip; Han Bangdong has worked in the construction of Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Beidahuang for 6 years, and participated in more than ten scientific research experiments and popularization. "Don’t underestimate farming, now this &lsquo; Tukela &rsquo; The school is full of high technology. " He said.

　　Qixing Farm of Beidahuang Group attaches great importance to the reserve of scientific research talents and team building, builds Sanjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park on the basis of Beidahuang, selects outstanding scientific and technological talents, makes job planning for young scientific researchers, and realizes the best use of talents. Over the past ten years, the park has completed more than 750 scientific research projects, introduced more than 800 new varieties, popularized 29 practical new technologies such as leaf age diagnosis, lateral deep fertilization and blanket seedling raising, and trained more than 50,000 farmers.

　　The park is not only a place to promote agricultural science and technology research and development, but also a reservoir for the growth of scientific and technological talents. "Park and &lsquo; Green super rice &rsquo; Academician Workstation, China Agricultural University, Northeast Agricultural University and other research institutes have cooperated in joint research, which has built a very good platform for young researchers to participate in major project research and development. " Zhang Shaobo, the person in charge of the park, is also a native of the Great Northern Wilderness. "The average age of the team is only 33 years old. In recent years, new people have been joining in, and everyone is working hard, full of energy and making rapid progress."

　　"Inheriting the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness and continuing to struggle, I hope that through the efforts of our generation, children can see an intelligent and modern Great Northern Wilderness." Han Bangdong often thinks like this.

　　3. The vast world makes talent learning useful.

　　A year’s plan starts with spring. Liao Yongxia, deputy director of agricultural development department and director of agricultural science and technology service center of Daxijiang Farm Co., Ltd. of Beidahuang Group, is busy planning this year’s scientific research project these days.

　　"There are more than ten items such as the renewal of planting varieties, the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and the optimization of fertilization technology in low-yield fields, mainly to solve the problems encountered in agricultural production last year." Liao Yongxia said.

　　"Yongxia, this is a good opportunity to stay in Beijing. Not only is it well paid, but it can also solve the Beijing hukou." When she graduated from college, her tutor felt sorry for Liao Yongxia when she learned that she had given up a Beijing enterprise she recommended and chose to work in a grass-roots farm in Beidahuang.

　　"The Great Northern Wilderness, as the vanguard of agricultural modernization in China, represents the direction of agricultural development in China, where the vast world can give me a stage to display what I have learned." This is Liao Yongxia’s prudent decision.

　　When he first arrived at the Agricultural Department of the Farm, Liao Yongxia was sent to the Science and Technology Park to participate in scientific research and experiments, and was responsible for insect monitoring. He got up at 5 o’clock every morning and went to the field to observe and record the number of adults. The dew in the morning soaked the pants, and the hot sun at noon made people sweat.

　　It’s nothing to suffer a little, but I’m most afraid of being distrusted by growers when doing technology promotion. "Is it possible to have fewer seedlings and higher yields?" When Liao Yongxia first began to promote the technology of sowing and density reduction on farms, growers questioned: "It’s okay for you college students to do research in the laboratory, but we have decades of experience in farming."

　　"speak with data and output." Liao Yongxia and the research team concentrated on the comparative experiment of planting density, and compared the output data before and after the application of technology to farmers, which won everyone’s recognition: "You can plant it in the future."

　　Engaged in agricultural science and technology for more than ten years, Liao Yongxia has collected more than 10,000 pictures of pests and diseases and crop growth, accumulated more than 20 agricultural diaries, and led scientific and technological teams to carry out more than 50 key scientific and technological research projects. In 2022, the output of the three main crops of soybean, corn and sorghum in Daxijiang Farm all set a record in the field.

　　"In recent years, farms have seized the &lsquo; Niubi &rsquo; Strengthen the construction of agricultural technicians, set up professional teams, recruit college graduates to enrich scientific research strength, purchase advanced experimental equipment, improve office conditions, and let us invest in scientific research experiments and technology promotion with more peace of mind. " Liao Yongxia said, "No, two college students we recruited from Bayi Agricultural University are studying for master’s degree. The vast world of the Great Northern Wilderness has witnessed my growth, and I believe they will certainly make a difference here. "

　　(Reporter Zhang Shiying)

Gao Yuanyuan and Mark Chao: After nine years of marriage, their ending is already doomed.

Recently, Gao Yuanyuan Mark Chao and his wife, who haven’t heard any new news for a long time, were once again surrounded by the news of the marriage change, and their marriage was once again pushed to the forefront of public opinion with the revelation of the entertainment reporter’s sentence.

As usual, not explaining is their best explanation. Even after the storm, they joined hands again and held hands in the street. This time, people will still say that they are deliberately "whitewashing", but they still haven’t explained half a sentence.

This may be the helplessness of being a star. After the outside world finds something, whether they explain it or not can be evidence that they are "guilty".

It has been nine years since they got married in 2014. In these nine years, they have repeatedly passed on marriage changes. The reason is that they each had a rich love history before marriage. The outside world does not believe that these two "playing coffee" will accept their hearts and live a stable life.

But it was their "colorful" past experiences that made them meet, know each other and fall in love, and their ending was doomed from the beginning.

In fact, Gao Yuanyuan and Mark Chao are really alike. It seems inevitable that they will embark on the road of performing arts, but in fact they are full of all kinds of accidents.

Gao Yuanyuan is five years older than Mark Chao. On October 5, 1979, she was born in an ordinary family in Beijing. Her parents were both intellectuals. Originally, her life should be similar to that of her parents. She studied hard and changed her destiny by knowledge.

But she has a beautiful face that is hard to ignore. In 1996, when she was still in high school, she just went to Wangfujing with her classmates and bought a reference book. As a result, her beautiful face was discovered by a talent scout.

Then she was dragged to shoot an advertisement for ice cream, and officially entered the advertising industry. After that, she took many advertisements and became a "little rich woman" in the eyes of her classmates, most famous for the advertisement for Qingzui buccal tablets.

Because Gao Yuanyuan was not well-known at that time, everyone didn’t know her name, but she liked her very much, so she was given a nickname called "Qingzui Girl".

In fact, before she became a "girl with a clear mouth", Gao Yuanyuan had already stepped into the film and television circle. In 1997, her advertisement was seen by the director Zhang Yang, so she was dragged to make a movie called spicy love soup again with her high face value.

Although after this, Gao Yuanyuan also participated in the filming of some film and television works one after another, but at that time she had no interest in acting, and she didn’t consider art schools at all when she signed up for the college entrance examination.

Instead, she entered the China Institute of Labor Relations and majored in secretarial studies, because for her, her dream is to become an ordinary white-collar worker, then get married and have children as soon as possible and live a stable life.

But fate is a very "hanging" thing. The more you want something, the more you miss it. In 2003, Gao Yuanyuan was invited to participate in the TV series "Eternal Dragon Slayer".

In the play, she changed her former pure appearance and played Zhou Zhiruo, who would be "blackened" in the later period. Perhaps it was the change of her role that made Gao Yuanyuan suddenly interested in acting, and then she decided to continue this road of acting.

At that time, she must have imagined that she could find true love in the entertainment industry and then quickly enter the marriage hall. Unfortunately, the fact is that the original intention of getting married as soon as possible has involved her in one emotional storm after another.

When filming "The Dragon Slayer with Eternal Feelings", Gao Yuanyuan actually found his lover in the entertainment circle. This person is Zhang Yadong. They met in 2000 and fell in love with each other after meeting in the recording studio by chance.

But at that time, Zhang Yadong was married, and his wife was Dou Ying, the sister of singer Dou Wei. However, after he decided to stay with Gao Yuanyuan, he quickly divorced Dou Ying, which made Gao Yuanyuan bear the nickname of "Little Three" from now on.

Gao Yuanyuan’s love is to get married this time. In 2005, she said in front of the media that she wanted to marry and have children with Zhang Yadong. At that time, everyone thought it was a signal. It seems that they are going to make a positive result.

But the story developed in the opposite direction. A year later, the two of them broke up officially. As for the reason for the break-up, some people say that Gao Yuanyuan failed to urge marriage, so she could only stop loss in time, while others say that Xu Jinglei intervened.

But the reason is not important. The most important thing is that the result is a foregone conclusion. Zhang Yadong is not the only thrill that Gao Yuanyuan is looking for. Getting married and having children is still an unfinished dream for her at that time.

Just when Gao Yuanyuan, the "goddess", was secretly saddened, Mark Chao, who was far away from Canada, was also very confused. He was born in Taiwan Province in 1984, and his parents were both entertainers in Taiwan Province.

Especially his father Zhao Shuhai, who is both an actor, singer and host, is highly respected in the entertainment industry in Taiwan Province. Supposedly, as the "second generation of stars", the best way for Mark Chao is performing arts.

But it happened that his father was firmly opposed to his son following in his father’s footsteps. In order to stop him from thinking about it, he was sent to Canada to study at the age of 12, and this year Gao Yuanyuan was discovered by scouts and began to shoot advertisements.

Originally, Mark Chao wanted to study in Canada with peace of mind, but he inherited his parents’ excellent genes perfectly. He was born with a handsome appearance and was pursued by a group of girls since he was a child.

Therefore, Mark Chao, who lives in Canada, had a sweet campus love although his studies were a little boring for him. However, the campus love was always short-lived. It is said that after Mark Chao was admitted to the business department of Columbia University, they parted ways.

After that, Mark Chao finished his business studies step by step. After graduating from college in 2007, he also found a white-collar job, which was regarded as helping his future wife Gao Yuanyuan from a distance and fulfilling his dream.

But unlike Gao Yuanyuan, he didn’t yearn for a stable job. Since he was a child, he was still full of illusions about the entertainment industry, so he resigned and returned to Taiwan Province, and he also showed his cards to his father.

Zhao Shuhai had to temporarily agree, but only gave him two years, two years can’t make any achievements, he will go back to Canada to continue to be his white-collar worker.

I have to say, Mark Chao is really lucky. With his father Zhao Shuhai’s fame and his handsome appearance, he was just about to enter the entertainment circle in Taiwan Province, and the TV series "Rogue Hero" came to you and let him play the leading role.

And because the director of the play, Cai Yuexun, is also a second-generation star, he took care of Mark Chao in the cast and hoped that Mark Chao could prove himself by this play, so the surprise happened.

At the 44th Taiwan Golden Bell Awards held in 2009, Mark Chao unexpectedly overwhelmed the popular candidate Vic Zhou and won the "Emperor-depending" award.

Although with this award, my father could not stop him from becoming an actor, but he was also labeled as "fighting dad", and Mark Chao was not very upset about it. After all, he was in love at that time.

It is reported that during the filming of "Rogue Hero", Mark Chao had an affair with two actresses, Chen Yihan and Zhang Junning. I thought this was just the usual means to promote TV series, but the affair between Mark Chao and Zhang Junning was true.

Zhang Junning is two years older than Mark Chao. Not only is he beautiful, he has a high degree of education, but his family conditions are also very good. His parents are both senior intellectuals. Supposedly, they are talented and beautiful, and even if they are officially announced, they will be blessed by fans.

However, this relationship has been going on in secret. It is said that Zhang Junning didn’t want to announce it, and Mark Chao had to compromise. After seeing his son so humble in this relationship, Zhao Shuhai began to have some dissatisfaction with Zhang Junning.

Therefore, under the influence of various factors, Mark Chao finally broke up with Zhang Junning. At the same time, Gao Yuanyuan, who is far away from Beijing, has a messy love life.

After breaking up with Zhang Yadong, Gao Yuanyuan met Xia Yu while participating in the drama "Affair", and then they were photographed by reporters going home together.

To the outside world, Xia Yu and Yolanda have always been a couple. Their love began on campus, and their feelings were very beautiful and stable. Therefore, when the news broke, everyone began to attack Gao Yuanyuan.

Coupled with her history with Zhang Yadong, at that time, Gao Yuanyuan’s comments fell to the bottom, and the label of "Usual Three" was also affixed.

But Gao Yuanyuan is also very wronged, because Xia Yu and Yolanda did break up at that time, but they didn’t announce it to the outside world. She has been waiting for Xia Yu to give a reasonable explanation to the outside world and help her get rid of the trumped-up charges.

However, Xia Yu remained silent all the time, and Xia Yu’s attitude eventually led them to break up. After breaking up, Xia Yu returned to Yolanda’s arms, leaving her with a stigma and never being forgiven by the outside world.

Although Zhuo Wei, a well-known entertainer, later clarified the truth of this matter for her, for most people, they don’t care what the truth is. They only enjoy the process of "eating melons", so Gao Yuanyuan has been "carrying the pot" for many years.

Fortunately, this incident did not affect her acting career. After that, she successively filmed Nanjing! Nanjing! Excellent films such as "Driverless" and "Unmanned Driving", and when she worked hard for her career, another relationship came quietly.

This time, Gao Yuanyuan fell in love with the actor Calvin. Their relationship was not complicated or controversial. Since it was exposed by reporters in 2009, their relationship has been very stable.

Supposedly, this blessed love affair should bear fruit, but this time it still backfired. After two years of love, they broke up because they got together less and left more, and Gao Yuanyuan became a loner again.

It was also from this time that the gear of fate finally began to rotate rapidly. In October 2011, the two people who had their own arrangements finally met in the "Search" crew.

At that time, their last relationship had just ended, and in Search, they were going to stage a love story, but under the contrast of the plot, they were full of ambiguity in the crew.

So that we can’t tell which is the feature film and which is the shooting tidbits, and the whole group also picked up their CP conveniently. After the film was released, the two people who were full of CP have always been the focus of netizens’ attention.

But what we didn’t expect was that just when we were all expecting them to really get together, they really talked about love and quickly announced it.

Although there are many people who object to this relationship, especially Gao Yuanyuan’s male powder, after all, Gao Yuanyuan is a "tiger goddess". She has a lot of male powder and treats her as a wife. Mark Chao can fall in love with her, and for them, it is only "the hate of taking his wife".

But calm down, in fact, they are really a good match, and they are really suitable. Even if Gao Yuanyuan is five years older than Mark Chao, it is not a problem at all to put age before true love.

And Gao Yuanyuan and Mark Chao, they are each other’s true love, Gao Yuanyuan is willing to announce their love affair, which makes up for the regret of Mark Chao’s last love affair, while Mark Chao, who was single before falling in love with her, keeps Gao Yuanyuan away from the fate of "being the third".

But what delighted Gao Yuanyuan the most was that when she fell in love with her, Mark Chao also rushed to get married. After two years of love, they entered the marriage hall hand in hand.

Supposedly, after the marriage is completed, the outside world should put away the questioning voice, but in fact, it didn’t. On the contrary, it became louder. At first, they didn’t like this marriage because they didn’t like the relationship between Gao Yuanyuan and her husband’s family.

In front of the media, Mark Chao’s father, Zhao Shuhai, always looks like he has the final say at home. When he marries into his house, he must strictly abide by the family rules. He is not easy to get along with at all.

Plus, after five years of marriage, there was no news of Gao Yuanyuan’s pregnancy, which naturally lowered her position in her husband’s family, but this was broken in 2019. Gao Yuanyuan successfully gave birth to a daughter for Mark Chao, and her husband’s family naturally had nothing to say.

Since giving birth to her daughter, Gao Yuanyuan’s acting career has been put on hold for the time being, while at the same time, Mark Chao’s acting career has developed very hot, and he has become a popular actor since shooting the hit drama to the sky kingdom.

After that, he co-starred with Sun Li in the TV series "The Ideal City" and with Gong Li in the movie "Lanxin Grand Theatre". Obviously, at this time, he has already enjoyed a prosperous domestic entertainment, which is far more popular than his wife Gao Yuanyuan.

At this time, the career gap has become the evidence that the outside world has ruined their marriage. Some people even took photos of Gao Yuanyuan’s serious postpartum aging as a basis to overthrow the fact that their marriage is very happy.

For these rumors, Gao Yuanyuan and Mark Chao have never explained anything. They just hold hands outside as usual, and as usual, a picture of a happy couple will be staged. Under such an atmosphere, the doubts from the outside world are naturally much smaller.

But every once in a while, doubts will get louder. Not long ago, rumors about Gao Yuanyuan and Mark Chao’s suspected marriage changed again on the Internet. This time, of course, they have no reason to explain. After all, people who believe or don’t believe will not change anything.

After nine years’ marriage, their ending has already been doomed. Gao Yuanyuan has always been a family-hungry person. After marrying Mark Chao, she consciously became the little woman behind Mark Chao, and it was her own choice to return to the family.

But she didn’t give up her career completely. She had her own company, and in 2022, she returned briefly and starred in a TV series called Perfect Companion.

Gao Yuanyuan has always been sober. She knows that she is not a talented actress. After many years of debut, her acting career can only be regarded as quite satisfactory, not amazing, so even if she really reduces the frequency of filming, it is normal.

But as long as she wants to film, her husband Mark Chao will give her the greatest support, that is, stay at home and look after her daughter, so that she has no worries, as Mark Chao did when filming Perfect Companion.

Therefore, we can see a phenomenon, that is, since the birth of her daughter, not only Gao Yuanyuan has not worked as hard as before, but Mark Chao has also relatively slowed down the pace of progress.

This happens to reflect the importance they attach to their families. They have always been in the same frequency or complementary mode, and they will certainly continue to be happy.

As for their means of maintaining happiness, they naturally summed it up from their previous feelings, so their happy ending has long been doomed.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 7 th Question: What are the profound meanings of time nodes and theme selection? &mdash; &mdash; Focus on Five Highlights of Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference in 2018

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter Pan Jie Li Jinhong

　　From April 8 to 11, the 2018 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia will be held in Boao, Hainan. The Chairman of the Supreme Leader was invited to attend the opening ceremony of the annual meeting of the forum and will deliver an important keynote speech.

　　The theme of this annual conference is "Open and Innovative Asia, a Prosperous World". More than 2,000 guests from all over the world will gather together. What are the highlights to look forward to?

　　Aspect 1: The time node is unusual.

　　This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up, and it is also the first year to implement the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress. At this important historical moment, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader will be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the annual meeting of the Forum and deliver an important keynote speech, which has attracted much attention from the outside world.

　　What great achievements has China made in reform and opening up, what important experience and enlightenment have it had, and what world significance and influence have it had? At the new historical juncture, how will China open wider to the outside world, deepen reform and start again? The Chairman of the Supreme Leader will give the most authoritative explanation on these issues, and the outside world will also hear a series of new important measures of reform and opening up.

　　"The process of deepening reform and opening up initiated by China in the new era is not only an upgrade of the original reform and opening up, but a further expansion in open ideas, structural layout and institutional mechanisms." Wang Jun, member of the Academic Committee of China International Economic Exchange Center, said.

　　Yang Xiyu, executive vice president of Boao Forum for Asia Research Institute, believes that China’s reform and opening up has changed from "crossing the river by feeling the stones" to paying more attention to top-level design. "The new round of reform and opening up initiated by China will play a demonstration, enlightenment and leading role in solving the structural reform problems facing the world."

　　Aspect 2: Theme selection has profound meaning.

　　"Openness" and "innovation" are the two key words of the theme of this year’s annual forum. Experts said that there are many uncertainties in the current world economic instability, and Asian countries should fully tap the driving force of innovation, promote regional cooperation and economic integration, and make contributions to world economic development.

　　"A new round of global scientific and technological revolution is gestating. Both developed and developing countries should seek breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation, constantly liberate and develop social productive forces and improve labor productivity, which is the only way to achieve sustained prosperity and development. " Wang Jun said.

　　He Maochun, director of Tsinghua University Center for Economic and Diplomatic Studies, believes that in recent years, China has taken many actions in the field of opening up and innovation, such as fully implementing the negative list system of market access, greatly relaxing the restrictions on the proportion of foreign capital entering the financial industry, and vigorously implementing the innovation-driven development strategy. This forum will help all parties to exchange experiences and practices, stimulate a new round of growth potential with scientific and technological innovation, and promote a wider and higher level of regional cooperation in Asia.　　　　

　　"In the context of anti-globalization and the rise of protectionism, Asia and the world need more openness and linkage, and we also expect China to play a greater role." He Maochun said.

　　Aspect 3: Heavy guests gather

　　It is understood that more than 2,000 guests attended this year’s annual forum, from heads of state and government to heads of international organizations, from business leaders, experts and scholars to media elites, which can be described as a gathering of heavy guests.

　　The Supreme Leader attended the annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia for the third time as president, China. In addition, Austrian President Vanderbilt, Philippine President Duterte, Mongolian Prime Minister Huzle Surh, Dutch Prime Minister Rutte, Pakistani Prime Minister Abasi, Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, UN Secretary-General Guterres and IMF Managing Director Lagarde will also be invited to attend the annual meeting.

　　Zhou Wenzhong, Secretary-General of the Forum, said that the leaders of China personally attended the meeting and delivered important speeches. More than 100 of the world’s top 500 enterprises sent representatives to attend the annual meeting, and many well-known large enterprises in China will also attend the meeting.

　　"The guests attending this year’s annual meeting are more geographically distributed and the sectors are more diverse." Yang Xiyu said that this is an opportunity to observe and understand the future policy direction of China from a distance, and it is also a platform for business people to find business opportunities and seek cooperation.

　　Aspect 4: The topic setting reveals many "China opportunities"

　　This year’s annual meeting plans to set up "Globalization and &lsquo; Belt and Road &rsquo; " More than 60 formal discussions were arranged in four sections, such as "open Asia", "innovation" and "reform and start again" The annual meeting will also set up special discussions on the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and xiong’an new area and the construction of ecological civilization.

　　"Urban Agglomeration" Mode of Urbanization in China, Property Market and RMB Internationalization &hellip; &hellip; Many topics at the annual meeting are about China. Wang Jun believes that this reflects the expectation of all parties to catch a ride on the development of China and share development opportunities with China.

　　"China’s economy has maintained rapid growth for decades, making it the second largest economy in the world. China contributes more than 30% to global economic growth. The sustained and healthy development of China’s economy itself is a contribution to the world economy. " Wang Jun said that China is also constantly playing its role in global governance and the supply of public goods, showing the image of a responsible big country.

　　This year marks the fifth anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. In the past five years, the initiative has not only been recognized by the whole world, but also implemented many projects. It is understood that this year’s annual meeting will hold a round table on "One Belt, One Road: Successful Cases and Experience Sharing". Relevant government and business representatives of major "One Belt, One Road" projects such as Gwadar Port and China-Europe Train will introduce the specific practice of "One Belt, One Road" and share their experiences.

　　Aspect 5: Deepen the concept of the community of human destiny

　　During this annual meeting, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader will give a clear voice to China and clarify China’s position on further promoting the building of a community of Asian and human destiny and creating a bright future for Asia and the world.

　　"Today’s world is in a period of great development, great change and great adjustment. The concept of a community of human destiny has pointed out the direction for international relations and is of historic epoch-making significance." Yang Xiyu said.

　　He believes that for many practical problems such as current trade frictions, the concept of community of human destiny is also highly targeted. Mankind has become a community of destiny in which you have me and I have you. Every country has the right to development, and should consider its own interests at a broader level, not at the expense of other countries’ interests, otherwise it will only harm others and harm itself.

　　Experts said that countries need to establish the concept of a community of destiny, help each other in the same boat, promote the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, and push economic globalization towards a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction.

　　Cctv newsWith the sound of crying, a baby born less than 24 hours will be vaccinated with his or her first vaccine &mdash; &mdash; Hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccination is a common memory of 1.3 billion Chinese, and every China citizen has enjoyed the National Immunization Program for free since the day of birth.

　　2018 is the 40th year for China to implement the immunization planning policy. Since the implementation of the planned immunization policy in 1978, relevant policy documents have been issued continuously, the investment of central government funds has been continuously increased, the service system has been gradually improved, and remarkable achievements have been made in immunization planning. The national immunization program has expanded from 4 to 14 vaccines, and the number of preventable infectious diseases has expanded from 6 to 15. At present, a four-level immunization program monitoring and management system covering the country, province, city and county and a three-level vaccination service network covering the county, township and village have been established, and the incidence of infectious diseases has been effectively controlled. Among them, smallpox was "eliminated" in China in 1961; After 1994, there were no new cases of polio. In 2014, the carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen among children under 5 years old in China dropped to 0.32%; In 2017, the incidence of measles decreased to 4.3/1 million &hellip; &hellip;

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to implement the strategy of healthy China, improve the national health policy, and provide all-round and full-cycle health services for the people. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed at the National Health and Wellness Conference that it is necessary to unswervingly implement the policy of putting prevention first and adhere to the combination of prevention and control, joint prevention and control, and group prevention and control. Focusing on immunization planning is to provide people with the first disease prevention barrier and the most systematic health protection in the life cycle.

　　Vaccination has lasted for more than forty years.

　　Since the birth of mankind, it has always been in the struggle against infectious diseases. In this battle, human beings suffered heavy losses. In history, there have been many records that entire villages, towns and even the whole country ceased to exist because of the ravages of infectious diseases.

　　During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty in China, human vaccinia was invented to prevent smallpox. During the Qin Long period of the Ming Dynasty, acne pulp was used &mdash; &mdash; The focus of smallpox patients is made into vaccine and sprayed into the nose to prevent smallpox. Chinese invented human pox vaccination, though primitive, but it became the first time that human beings invented vaccine to prevent and treat infectious diseases. This method of "starting from Jiangyou, reaching Yanqi, and traveling all over the north and south" was later spread to Europe. Two hundred years after Chinese invented vaccinia, the British invented vaccinia at the end of 18th century. In June 1961, the last case of smallpox infection in China was discharged from hospital, which was nearly 20 years earlier than the last case of smallpox in Somalia on October 26, 1977.

　　The achievement shows the remarkable effect of different immunization strategies for different diseases. In 1950, the Chinese government put forward "autumn vaccination campaign". "Vaccination" refers to vaccination and door-to-door "sweeping" immunization in the early stage. At that time, the identification method was very simple, that is, to see if there were any spots on the outside of the upper arm after smallpox vaccination, and if not, to "vaccinate". TongFu.kabu, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and former director of Beijing Institute of Biological Products, said that after three years of implementation of autumn vaccination strategy, the number of reported cases of smallpox dropped from nearly 70,000 in 1950 to more than 400 in 1954. After that, through regular routine immunization and missed inoculation, there were no more cases of smallpox in China after 1962.

　　Planned immunization forms a complete cold chain system and a preliminary immune barrier.

　　From 1978 to 2000, this period is called "planned immunization" stage. At this stage, a complete cold chain system has been established, and the goal of 85% planned immunization coverage rate in provinces, counties and townships has been achieved successively, and the immune barrier of children’s planned immunization-related diseases has been initially established, and the planned immunization against diseases has been gradually effectively controlled.

　　Establishing a complete vaccine cold chain system is the key to ensure vaccine quality. The vaccine contains artificially treated pathogens or pathogenic components, which not only retains its characteristics (antigenicity) that can be recognized by the immune system, but also makes it lose its pathogenicity. As a biological product, vaccine is sensitive to temperature, and it has to go through many links such as storage and transportation from production to inoculation. In order to ensure the quality of vaccine, vaccine should be stored and transported within the standard temperature range.

　　The landmark achievement of this stage is that China has achieved the goal of no polio. Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, introduced that in order to quickly establish an immune barrier among children and realize polio-free status as soon as possible, China has set up national intensive immunization days since December 1993, namely December 5 -6 and January 5 -6. During the National Intensive Immunization Day, two doses of polio vaccine were given to children aged 0-3 nationwide. Up to 2000, seven times and 14 rounds of intensive immunization activities were carried out nationwide, and the cumulative number of children vaccinated reached 800 million. The coverage rate of supplementary immunization report remained above 95%. After 1994, there were no more polio cases in China through immunization strategies such as routine immunization, supplementary immunization and emergency immunization, and the establishment of sensitive acute flaccid paralysis monitoring system.

　　Immunization program further builds immune barrier.

　　"What is the purpose of our vaccination? It is to control the disease. Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the incidence of major infectious diseases has dropped to the lowest level in history. " Wang Huaqing told reporters about his achievements, but there was no joy on his face. In his view, every day starts from scratch and we can’t relax for a moment.

　　Compared with the planned immunization stage, the planned immunization stage has realized the rule of law management on the basis of scientificity and standardization. Vaccine varieties are adjusted and updated in a timely manner. In 2007, there were 14 kinds of vaccines in the national immunization program. In 2016, the polio vaccine was adjusted, with bivalent live attenuated vaccine replacing trivalent live attenuated vaccine, and inactivated vaccine replacing live attenuated vaccine in the first dose of polio vaccine. At this stage, the vaccination rate reached the goal of 90% by taking the township as the unit. Among them, the incidence of preventable diseases among children in China has dropped significantly, and the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen among children under 5 years old has dropped from 9.67% in 1992 to 0.32% in 2014, with a drop of 97%. In 2017, the incidence of measles decreased to 4.3/1 million, and the incidence rate decreased to the lowest level in history.

　　At the same time of timely adjustment and updating of vaccine varieties, China began to establish a monitoring system for vaccine adverse reactions in 2005. At present, the sensitivity and quality of vaccine adverse reaction monitoring have been recognized by WHO. The establishment and application of the vaccine adverse reaction system enabled China to pass the WHO evaluation of the vaccine supervision system twice with excellent results in 2011 and 2014, which eliminated the bottleneck of domestic vaccines going global and laid the foundation for China’s vaccines going abroad. It is worth mentioning that four vaccines produced in China, such as inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, influenza split vaccine, bivalent polio vaccine and inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, have passed WHO pre-certification, which means that the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines have been recognized by WHO, and the four vaccines will enter the procurement list of United Nations agencies and can be used for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in developing countries.

　　Achievements are hard-won, and the road ahead is inspiring. In 2017, the "Outline of Healthy China 2030 Plan" issued by the CPC Central Committee and the the State Council guided the work of immunization planning, which mentioned that it is necessary to "provide fair, accessible and systematic health services based on the whole population and the whole life cycle to achieve a higher level of national health." Wang Huaqing pointed out that from a technical point of view, the expanded immunization program needs to consider disease factors, vaccine factors and capacity factors, and a series of preparatory work should be done. This is a scientific systematic project, which needs systematic evidence and comprehensive consideration and demonstration.

　　Co-construction and sharing is the basic way to build a healthy China. At present, people’s confidence in vaccination has been continuously improved, and their sense of active participation in vaccination has also been continuously enhanced, and the concept of immunization planning has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts. As the most economical and effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, "immunization program" needs to continue to coordinate the three levels of society, industry and individuals, form a strong joint force to maintain and promote health, do a good job in routine vaccination of children, emergency vaccination, missed vaccination and vaccination of high-risk groups, establish a prevention and control network to control infectious diseases, and play its due obligations and responsibilities to protect people’s health! (Text/Zhang Ke correspondent/Zhou Ying)

　　Thanks to the strong support of the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention for this article. )

CCTV News:When can children and adolescents be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine? The question that the public is generally concerned about has finally been answered. In today’s special attention, we focus on the topic of COVID-19 vaccination for teenagers. The reporter learned from Sinopharm Group that on July 16th, the Covid-19 inactivated vaccine of China Biological Beijing Institute of Biological Products of Sinopharm Group was approved in 3&mdash; Emergency use in 17-year-olds.

How is it different from adult COVID-19 vaccine? What is the protective effect?

3&mdash; What’s the difference between the 17-year-old population, that is, children and adolescents, and adults? What is the clinical protective effect?

How to vaccinate? Any adverse reactions?

For 3&mdash; How to inoculate the inactivated vaccine of Covid-19 in 17-year-old population? Are there any adverse reactions?

Wang Guiqiang, a member of the State Council’s expert group on tackling scientific research problems of COVID-19’s joint defense and joint control mechanism:The specific inoculation method is the same as that of adults, and it is also two needles, with an interval of 21 to 30 days. Adverse reactions are mainly a local pain and redness, mainly local reactions, with few systemic reactions, and individual (people) may have fever, which is completely controllable and safe.

Will it conflict with other vaccinations?

We know that children and adolescents need different vaccines at different ages, so will the vaccination of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 conflict with other vaccinations? How to arrange it reasonably? Let’s listen to the interpretation of experts.

Wang Guiqiang, a member of the State Council’s expert group on tackling scientific research problems of COVID-19’s joint defense and joint control mechanism:For adults, it is suggested that the interval between vaccination and other vaccinations in COVID-19 should be at least 14 days, and so should children and adolescents. However, if trauma, dog bites, etc. occur and tetanus or rabies vaccine is needed, it is not limited by the 14-day interval.

Xinhua News Agency, Zhengzhou, October 21st Title: Innovation of Science and Technology Broadens the Road to High-quality Employment

Xinhua News Agency reporter Han Chaoyang

In 2020, there will be 278,000 high-tech enterprises in China, which will provide 38.588 million jobs. During the National Mass Entrepreneurship Innovation Week in 2021, innovation and entrepreneurship in the field of science and technology promoted high-quality employment, which became the consensus of experts attending the main venue in Zhengzhou.

Zhang Mu, a second-level researcher at the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said at the High-quality Development Forum of Science and Technology Innovation in the New Era held recently that since 2014, all kinds of science and technology entrepreneurial service institutions have sprung up all over the country, achieving a leap-forward growth, and it will grow to 14,500 in 2020, serving nearly 680,000 entrepreneurial teams and enterprises, and its support for science and technology innovation is increasing day by day.

At the same time, the integration mechanism of scientific and technological achievements transformation and innovation and entrepreneurship has gradually taken shape. By the end of 2020, more than 2,100 new R&D institutions with R&D, transformation and incubation functions have been established nationwide to accelerate the commercialization of scientific research results and support industrial technological innovation.

At present, high-tech enterprises account for 25.2% of the total number of industrial enterprises in China, achieving 33.4% of operating income and 40.3% of total profits. In 2020, domestic invention patents authorized by high-tech enterprises accounted for 49.2% of the country.

Experts attending the meeting generally believe that after opening up the chain of application research and development, transfer and transformation, business incubation and industrialization, the main position of technological innovation of enterprises has been greatly improved, and the role of technological innovation in driving high-quality employment has become increasingly prominent.

"Technological innovation drives the migration of occupations, industries and even social structures." Mao Daqing, founder and chairman of Youke Workshop, said at the "Science and Technology Innovation China" new era entrepreneur talk activity that the technological revolution promotes the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and technological innovation is the core of the industry transformation and upgrading. In this process, some low-creative jobs will be replaced, a large number of new jobs will be created, and at the same time, knowledge and technology upgrading of some jobs will be promoted.

It is reported that high-tech enterprises will provide 38.588 million jobs in 2020, among which 516,000 new college graduates will start businesses.

Participants pointed out that in the process of technological innovation, financing difficulties are still the shortcomings of technological innovation. "Scientific and technological innovation needs ecological environment, innovative talents are seeds, venture capital is sunshine, and market environment is soil." Yuan Hongwei, the founding partner and chairman of Zhuo Yuan Capital, believes that the long-term continuous positive movement of the three elements can create a good innovation ecology, but the low proportion of long-term capital is the shortcoming of the current innovation ecology.

China Science and Technology Innovation Work Development Report 2020 issued by Torch Center of Ministry of Science and Technology also points out that the financing difficulties of start-ups are more serious. After the epidemic, venture capital funds, bank credit and other financing channels pay less attention to start-ups and lack capital support channels.

Yuan Hongwei said that he hopes that more social resources can be allocated to this field and contribute to creating a good innovation and entrepreneurship ecology.

　　According to official data, as of August this year, the cumulative sales of the Song family has exceeded 1.67 million. It can be said that in the current new energy A-class SUV market, the Song family has reached the top flow level in terms of attention and sales volume, and completed the full coverage from DM-i hybrid to EV pure electricity. Among the models in the Song family, I think everyone is equally equal in terms of quality and intelligent performance, but if I have to let who has the highest value, then I personally think it must be right.

　　Although BYD has not been around for a long time, it has its own place in the hearts of the public with its rich configuration and excellent intelligent performance. It is also known as the most beautiful B-class pioneer hunting SUV of BYD Dynasty Network with its excellent face value. At the 2024 Chengdu Auto Show, BYD’s 2025 Song L EV was officially launched. The new car was not only optimized and upgraded in appearance and interior details, but most importantly, it was equipped with DiPilot 100 "Eye of God" advanced intelligent driving assistance system, which also made up for the regret that there was no advanced intelligent driving before.

　　Continue the dynamic and elegant appearance and add the appearance color matching.

　　BYD Song L series has the elements of hunting car in appearance, and the low-lying and wide-body body looks very sporty. It is the first car to use such design elements in BYD Dynasty. In fact, there is basically no change in the appearance of the 2025 model this time. Personally, I don’t think it is necessary to change anything, because it is already very handsome.

　　The front grille uses a relatively sharp design, and the dragon face design plus 3D dragon beard looks very three-dimensional. The daytime running lights with dragon beard shape run through the whole front face, which is very recognizable. The long and narrow LED headlights are in proportion to the front of the car. The appearance of the new car has added aurora blue color matching.

　　There is no difference between the body size of the new car and the cash, and the wheelbase of 2930 mm makes the seating space in the car very spacious. The frameless door design can also give people a very elegant feeling, and the double-layer glue glass increases the quietness of the car. The slight slip back design makes the rear of the car look very full.

　　The biggest highlight of the rear of the car this time is the addition of an electric tail that can be opened and closed. The tail can be opened or closed through the screen and voice control of the car. You can also set the automatic mode, which will automatically rise when the speed reaches 90 km/h, increasing the downforce at the rear of the car at high speed. The taillights with Chinese knots have also become the unique logo of BYD Dynasty.

　　The 2025 Song L EV is equipped with DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" high-order intelligent driving assistance system. The system uses a visual perception scheme, and high-definition cameras are arranged in front of the external reflector, on the side of the fender and inside the front windshield. The specific arrangement includes high-precision millimeter-wave radar *5+ forward-looking camera *2+ rear-looking camera *1+ side-looking camera *4+ panoramic camera *4+DMS camera *.

　　This set of central computing platform is designed, developed and produced by the whole automobile factory, which improves the driving safety and convenience in high-speed and expressway, urban roads, parking lots and other scenarios. Provide a number of driving assistance functions including driving assistance, parking assistance and safety assistance. We will experience it in detail later.

　　In terms of handling, the new car uses the combination of front double wishbone and rear independent suspension, and is also equipped with Yunqi -C intelligent damping body control system. According to official data, the vibration isolation rate of 60 km/h pulse pavement is 96%, the pitch angle of 100 km/h brake is reduced by 28.5%, and the roll angle speed of 100 km/h double lane is reduced by 41.2%. The overall experience is as follows, in a nutshell.

　　The four-wheel drive version of this experience is equipped with a special 20-inch five-star rim, and the front and rear unequal width design is used, which can improve the tire grip in a targeted manner. Golden self-developed custom four-piston calipers have good braking efficiency and linear braking foot feeling during driving. The braking response speed is 20% higher than that of the floating pliers. The perforated ventilation disc brake pad has high heat capacity and heat dissipation is about 21% higher than that of the conventional disc, which makes the braking effect of the 2025 Song L EV outstanding, and the braking distance is within 36 meters.

　　New interior color matching intelligent voice upgrade

　　Sitting in BYD’s 2025 Song L EV car, the first feeling is that the shiny chrome decoration on the previous models has become less, and it has been replaced by a large area of suede. The simple and impetuous interior design is full of sports and the workmanship is also up to standard. The experienced model provides multi-color atmosphere lights and fragrance system, and the wilderness gray is the exclusive color matching of the four-wheel drive model. This time, the interior color of the 2025 model has also added a mysterious gray color scheme.

　　Commonly used buttons are designed around the cutting bar, which will be familiar to those who are familiar with BYD models. A 50-watt mobile phone wireless charging panel is provided in front. A total of four screens are provided in the car, namely, 15.6-inch high-definition central control panel, 10.25-inch full LCD instrument, 5.8-inch rear air conditioning control panel and 50-inch AR-HUD head-up display screen, which highlights the car’s advanced sense and sense of technology.

　　The latest version of the car UI desktop and secondary menu looks very neat, you can get used to it with a little habit, and you can download rich apps through the application market. On the 2025 model, the intelligent voice assistant has been upgraded, and the wake-up response time is as fast as 400 milliseconds. More than 1000 core car control functions greatly improve driving convenience, and the canopy mode switching, electric tail lifting and driving mode selection can all be linked by voice. 4-tone recognition can meet the precise needs of different people in the car; Continuous dialogue in the whole scene, one wake-up can identify multiple instructions, and Xiao Di can also intelligently distinguish between in-car chatting and car control instructions, which does not disturb normal communication and can respond in time.

　　There is nothing to say about the comfort of the seat, and the performance of the front and rear rows is good. The front seat driver and passenger both support the functions of electric adjustment, heating and ventilation, and the massage and boss key are not left behind. The back of the rear seat has a certain shape, which can properly fix the back. The backrest of the seat can also be completely leveled forward, which expands the space of the luggage compartment. With the electric tailgate with large opening, it is very convenient to take things.

　　DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" has been tuned into vehicle control, which is remarkable.

　　The 2025 Song L EV benefited from the development of E platform 3.0, and performed very well in driving texture and handling. The golden power combination structure of front-induction asynchronous motor and rear-permanent magnet synchronous motor is adopted. Under the acceleration condition, the front and rear motors simultaneously exert force, and the maximum output power of the system reaches 380 kW, the peak torque reaches 670 Nm, and the zero-hundred-speed acceleration is 4.3 seconds. Even in comfort mode, you can still have a good acceleration performance with a little body accelerator pedal.

　　The adjustment of DiPilot 100 "Eye of the Gods" advanced intelligent driver assistance system is radical in my experience, and in short, it is very decisive. In the navigation state, you can start the high-speed navigation mode by pulling the steering wheel steering lever. In this mode, the vehicle can realize the functions of automatic lane selection, shifting the lever to change lanes, and automatically getting on and off the ramp. When executing the above orders, the system makes a decisive decision, and can complete the lane change when the distance between the front and rear cars is small, and the timing looks like an old driver.

　　When there is a slow train ahead, the vehicle will automatically change lanes to the adjacent lanes and overtake them, and the action will be skillful in one go. Up and down ramps can also be advanced, and lane-changing operations can be carried out to the rightmost lane in advance, so that the deceleration up and down ramps can move smoothly. When there is a traffic jam in front of the car, it will not slow down sharply. The car will slow down and follow, or find the opportunity to change lanes and overtake. Generally speaking, I think the adjustment of intelligent driving is quite comfortable.

　　The remote parking function, developed on the basis of automatic parking, is connected with the vehicle through the Bluetooth of the mobile phone. After the parking space is selected at the vehicle terminal, the driver can leave the vehicle and start parking through the mobile phone terminal. The system controls the vehicle to park or leave the parking space automatically, which effectively solves the pain point in the situation of narrow parking or inconvenient getting on and off.

　　Full text summary:This time, the 2025 Song L EV not only upgraded its appearance and configuration, but also added DiPilot 100 "Eye of God" advanced intelligent driving assistance system, which made up for the regret that the previous Song L model did not have advanced intelligent driving. At present, the car has been listed. The most surprising thing is that the price of the new model is consistent with that of the 2024 model after it is added. This is enough to show that BYD is very sincere to users. If you are satisfied with the performance of this car, just rush directly.

　　A new study on the time and load of virus in different tissue samples of patients with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by medical college of Zhejiang University shows that the duration of virus in feces is much longer than that in respiratory tract and serum samples, and the peak of virus load in feces appears later.

　　On April 21st, local time, the top international medical journal BMJ (British Medical Journal) published the research article "Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang Province, China, January-March 2020: Retrospective Cohort Study ",the research team includes many medical research teams in Zhejiang, including the Clinical Laboratory Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Pharmacy Department, Respiratory Diseases Department and other departments; Institute of Laboratory Medicine; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang pancreatic disease research and innovation center, etc.

　　The correspondent of this article is Liang Tingbo, a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Zhejiang University and a winner of the National Natural Science Foundation’s Outstanding Youth Fund.

　　At present, the relationship between the changes of viral load and the severity of diseases in different tissues such as lower respiratory tract, feces, serum and urine in Covid-19 is still unknown, and this information is very important for the formulation of disease control strategies and clinical treatment.

　　Through retrospective cohort study, the authors systematically evaluated the viral load of 3497 samples collected from 96 inpatients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College from January 19 to March 20, 2020, and analyzed the temporal variation of viral load and the correlation between viral load in different sample types and disease severity.

　　The research team found that,The duration of SARS-CoV-2 in fecal samples was significantly longer than that in respiratory tract and serum samples.This highlights the risk of fecal transmission of virus, indicating that it is necessary to strengthen the management of fecal samples in the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.

　　In addition, it is worth noting that in critically ill patients, the virus persists in the respiratory system and feces for a longer time and with a larger load, and the peak time may be later than known.

　　The duration of virus in feces is long, and the viral load in respiratory tract samples is the highest.

　　The sample of the study included 22 mild patients and 74 severe patients. The research team collected their epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment and outcome data through the patients’ electronic medical records.

　　The results showed that Covid-19 RNA was detected in feces of 55 patients (59%) and serum of 39 patients (41%), and there was no difference in the detection rate of fecal virus between mild patients and severe patients.

　　It is worth noting that the detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory tract samples of confirmed patients gradually decreased from 95% in the first week to 54% in the fourth week, and subsequent respiratory tract samples were negative. However, the positive rate of stool and serum samples gradually increased from the first week, and then began to decrease from the third week.

　　Although the detection rate of viral RNA was as high as 50% in the urine of SARS patients, in this study, researchers only found Covid-19 RNA in the urine of one critically ill patient.

　　The detection rate of virus RNA in serum is also obviously different from that of SARS. Some previous studies found that as many as 79% of serum samples contained SARS virus RNA in the first week of symptoms, and the proportion was about 50% in the second week. However, in this study, the detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in patients’ serum was only 41%.

　　The number of virus-positive patients in respiratory tract, feces, serum and urine samples of patients diagnosed with mild or severe COVID-19 at different stages after the onset of symptoms. The figures in the figure are the number of COVID-19-positive patients in a certain organization/the total number of patients tested.

　　The researchers found that confirmed patientsThe duration of virus in feces (22 days, quartile range 17-31 days) was significantly longer than that in respiratory system (18 days, 13-29 days) and serum samples (16 days, 11-21 days)..

　　In addition, the duration of virus in respiratory tract samples of patients with severe diseases is significantly longer than that of patients with mild diseases; However, there was no significant difference in viral load in stool and serum samples between mild patients and severe patients.

　　Different kinds of tissue samples and different viral loads

　　There are significant differences in viral load in different tissues. Among the research samples, respiratory tract samples have the highest viral load, followed by fecal samples, and serum samples have the lowest viral load.

　　Through local weighted regression analysis, the researchers found that in the mild group, the viral load in patients’ respiratory tract samples reached its peak from the second week of disease onset; In the severe group, the viral load in the respiratory tract samples of patients continued to increase in the third and fourth weeks.

　　Similar to the change trend of viral load in respiratory tract samples of severe patients, the viral load in stool samples of patients was the highest in the third and fourth weeks after the onset of the disease.

　　Changes of viral load in respiratory tract samples of mild and severe patients and all stool samples since symptoms appeared. Purple represents respiratory tract samples of severe patients, yellow represents respiratory tract samples of mild patients and pink represents stool samples of all patients.

　　The duration of virus in lower respiratory tract samples was longer than that in upper respiratory tract, and the peak appeared later.

　　The researchers found that the researchers found that,The type and duration of antiviral treatment have no overall effect on the duration and viral load of the virus..

　　In critically ill patients, the virus duration of patients who received glucocorticoid treatment for more than 10 days was much longer than that of patients who received glucocorticoid treatment for less than 10 days, and other different treatment methods had no effect on the virus load.

　　At present, the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoid and antiviral drugs on SARS-CoV-2 patients is still unclear. The researchers stressed that it is impossible to evaluate the effects of antiviral drugs and glucocorticoids at present because the types and doses of antiviral drugs and glucocorticoids have not been analyzed.

　　The authors said that in the next step, the effectiveness of antiviral drugs and glucocorticoids needs to be verified by more multicenter randomized studies.

　　After stratified analysis of critically ill patients, the researchers found that,The duration of the virus in men is significantly longer than that in women, and the duration of the virus in patients over 60 years old and male patients is longer..

　　The reasons for the gender difference in virus duration are not only the differences in immune status between men and women, but also the differences in hormone levels. The reason why the virus lasts longer in the elderly patients is partly due to immune aging, and another reason is that the content of Covid-19 "receptor" angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in the alveoli of the elderly is higher.

　　Previous studies have found that the peak load of SARS-CoV-2 in patients’ upper respiratory tract samples appears in the early stage of the disease. However, the researchers found that in the lower respiratory tract samples, Covid-19’s "viral shedding" lasted longer, and the peak appeared later, and the peak amount of detoxification did not appear until about two weeks after the onset of symptoms.

　　The researchers believe that these findings are very important for effectively controlling and preventing the COVID-19 epidemic, because it shows that the whole disease process of SARS-CoV-2 patients must be strictly managed.

　　Based on the research results, the authors believe that the role of fecal excretion in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 can not be ignored. However, in the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, the feasibility of large-scale detection of fecal samples also needs comprehensive and careful evaluation.