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When buying a notebook computer, once the purpose, budget and size are determined, the CPU (Central Processing Unit) model is undoubtedly the top priority screening condition. After all, it is the "brain" of the notebook.

A more powerful CPU can help users process tables, load web pages, edit photos and play games faster. But at the same time, a high-performance processor also means that its battery life will be worse.

Therefore, when choosing the key components of notebook — — Before CPU, we should first determine what we are going to do with the notebook.

What kind of CPU should I use for different purposes?

At present, the notebook CPU is still dominated by Intel. In view of the fact that the notebook equipped with AMD Ryzen mobile processor has not been officially listed, and AMD has no mobile products at present, this article only introduces Intel’s products.

So, which CPU is the best for you? As long as the purpose and budget are clear, it’s easy to do it. Qiushi Lab has compiled a table for everyone, and it’s clear at a glance which series of CPU to buy for what purpose:

What do you think of the CPU model?

Intel processors seem to be various, but it is not difficult to distinguish them. Let’s take the common Core I series CPU as an example: first, the brand series, with performance of i7>i5>i3, but generally i5 can meet the needs of most users (except Y series, which will be discussed below).

The brand series is followed by the specific model, and the first one represents algebra (only Core applies this rule). Here, it is recommended that office users try their best to purchase the newly launched 8th generation products within the budget.

Two to four digits are SKU digits (Y series is the last two digits). The larger this number, the higher the performance of the CPU. For example, the performance of i5-7300U is better than that of i5-7200U.

If the suffix is u, it means that the product is a low-voltage version. U series is the most mainstream and common type, which is more suitable for office users.

If the suffix is Y, it means that the product is a Y series with ultra-low power consumption. In fact, it is renamed from the Core M series, which is different from the conventional Core products in performance.

Users with game and high performance requirements choose products with HQ and HK suffixes, which are signs of standard voltage, while the former does not support overclocking, but the latter allows users to overclock.

As for the M suffix refers to the mobile version of the product, which appears in the Xeon E series, other suffixes are rare in the new CPU models in recent two years, so I won’t repeat them here.

Detailed explanation of different processor series

Xeon E series: professional high-end users

Xeon E series processors mainly appear on top mobile workstations. Notebooks equipped with Xeon E can efficiently perform 3D animation, complex engineering simulation and other professional work, with very strong performance. But at the same time, this kind of notebook is not strong in endurance and very expensive.

Mainstream models: Xeon E3-1535M v6, Xeon E3-1505M v6, Xeon E3-1505M v5.

HQ/HK Standard Voltage Series: Professional Design/High-end Games

For users engaged in video production, graphic design and high-end games, the CPU with HQ and HK as the follow-up standard voltage can provide stronger performance, but it will generate more heat than the CPU with U as the follow-up, and its battery life will be much worse.

Because of the greater heat dissipation pressure, notebooks equipped with HQ and HK standard voltage series CPU are basically out of touch with the word "thin".

HQ and HK suffixes also have different meanings, both of which are standard voltage series, but the CPU following HK allows users to overclock, while HQ cannot. The topic of overclocking will involve more advanced knowledge, so I won’t talk about it here.

Mainstream models: i7-7920HQ, i7-7820HK, i5-7440HQ and i5-7300HQ.

U low voltage series: the office choice of the general public

U-series CPU is a product with average performance and endurance, such as i5-7200U and i5-8250U. For most users who just surf the Internet, watch videos, process tables and documents, and occasionally trim pictures, the performance of U-series CPU is enough.

At present, Intel has launched the 8th generation Core i5 and i7 processors, and the number of cores/threads has been increased to 4 cores and 8 threads, which is stronger in multitasking than the 7th generation Core i5 and i7 processors. Therefore, it is recommended that you give priority to purchasing products equipped with the 8th generation Core processors.

8th Generation i7, i5 and i3 Processors

Mainstream models: i7-8650U, i7-8550U, i7-7600U, i7-7660U, i5-8350U, i5-8250U, i7-7567U and i5-7200U.

Y/M series: fanless design, light and portable.

Y-series is a trap for some users. Although they also have seemingly strong names such as i5 and i7, in fact, i5 and i7 of Y-series are renamed from m5 and m7 of M-series, so although they are also i5 and i7, there is a certain gap between them and the performance of U-series.

However, the Y/M series CPU benefits from its ultra-low TDP, which can be used in ultra-thin notebooks with fanless design. Therefore, although its performance is not strong, its battery life is still not bad, and it is suitable for light users who pursue lightness and portability and have low performance requirements.

Mainstream models: Core i7-7Y75, Core m7-6Y75, Core i5-7Y54, Core m5-6Y57.

Celeron/ Pentium/ Atom series: budget shortage, light use.

Celeron and Pentium CPU series are basically low-priced representatives, while Atom is Intel’s cheapest processor product line. The first two can only meet the basic functions such as browsing the web, editing simple document forms and watching videos, while the latter can only meet the lowest level of browsing the web and watching videos.

Celeron and Pentium CPU series are suitable for users who have a very tight budget and low performance requirements. These users may not rely much on notebooks, but they do need to use them for some work.

Celeron and Pentium series processors

The Atom series only appears on ultra-cheap laptops or tablets, which are suitable for children’s computer education, or as an auxiliary and expansion of the main notebook. Of course, their advantage is that they are cheap and have a long battery life.

Atom series processor

Mainstream models: Pentium N3700, Pentium 4405U, Celeron N3060, Celeron 3855U, Atom x7-Z8750, Atom x5-Z8500.

Introduction of some technical parameters of CPU

The main parameters of CPU processor are model, instruction set and architecture, frequency, number of cores/threads, etc. As for naming rules, we have talked clearly in the last article, so this article mainly analyzes the remaining parameters.

Instruction set and microarchitecture

CPU will follow certain specifications when performing computing tasks, and programs need to be translated into a language that CPU can understand before being executed. This specification or language is called instruction set.

The hardware architecture of CPU is called microarchitecture, and microarchitecture uses hardware circuits to realize instruction sets. Different microarchitecture designs will affect the working frequency of CPU core, as well as the computation and energy consumption level at a certain frequency. Therefore, although the main frequency of CPU has not been greatly improved in recent years, thanks to the improvement of micro-architecture and process upgrade, the computing power of CPU has also been greatly improved.

For ordinary users, you can choose an updated architecture with confidence. Usually, the computing power of the new architecture CPU will be stronger than that of the old architecture products with the same positioning (simply put, buy new products instead of old ones).

frequency

Under the premise of the same architecture, frequency is a very intuitive index to measure CPU performance. The reason why the concept of architecture is introduced is that many people who don’t know the truth like to judge the performance of CPU by its main frequency, but they don’t know that the main frequency can’t be directly used to compare the performance between CPUs under the premise of different microarchitectures.

The frequency of CPU has three parts: Clock Speed, frequency doubling and external frequency, and the main frequency is equal to the product of the latter two. Intel’s CPU also has a turbo frequency, which is actually an acceleration technology, but the CPU can’t work at the maximum turbo frequency for a long time.

For example, the main frequency (fundamental frequency) of Intel Core i5 7200U is 2.5GHz, and the maximum turbo frequency is 3.1GHz, which is the maximum working frequency, but it can’t run at 3.1GHz for a long time. Moreover, there is a temperature wall on the notebook, which will actively reduce the CPU working frequency when the temperature reaches a certain level, so we should choose the one with high basic frequency instead of the one with high maximum core frequency.

Number of cores/threads

CPU has two main parameters: core and thread, such as Intel Core i7-7820HQ, with 4 cores and 8 threads. Core refers to the physical core of CPU, while thread is the smallest unit of program execution flow. Through hyper-threading technology, one physical core can handle two threads at the same time, which further improves the running efficiency of CPU.

This year, the 8th generation Core i7-8650U, i7-8550U, i5-8350U and i5-8250U have all been upgraded to 4 cores and 8 threads, with better multi-tasking performance. It is recommended that daily office users who do not need games and professional applications choose the 8th generation Core.

TDP

Some netizens may mistake TDP for the actual power consumption of CPU or GPU, but this is not the case. TDP, that is, thermal design power, refers to the maximum heat generated by computer chips or components (usually CPU or GPU) dispersed by computer cooling system under typical workload.

TDP does not represent the actual power consumption of CPU/GPU, but it can estimate the calorific value of CPU according to TDP.

In addition, under the premise of the same performance, the lower the TDP is, the better. This parameter may not mean much to consumers. If you want to know the actual power consumption of CPU and GPU, you still need to go through actual tests to calculate it.

Summary: Determine the purpose and choose the strongest one within the budget.

Although there are many kinds of notebook CPU, the new products in recent two years are not so complicated. As long as you determine the good use, combine your own budget, and choose the product with the strongest performance according to the naming rules of CPU within the budget.

Contents and operation management of OBD inspection of vehicle inspection

In the field of modern automobile maintenance and inspection, OBD(On-Board Diagnostics) inspection has become a key technology, which can monitor the electronic control system of vehicles in real time and ensure the safety of vehicle operation and environmental protection standards. OBD inspection mainly involves the following aspects:

1. Reading and clearing fault codes

OBD system can record the fault information in the process of vehicle running and store it in the form of fault code. Technicians can read these fault codes by connecting the OBD interface of the vehicle with a special scanning tool, and then diagnose the problem. After the maintenance is completed, it is necessary to clear the fault code to ensure that the system returns to the normal monitoring state.

2. Real-time data flow monitoring

OBD system can also provide real-time data flow of vehicles, such as engine speed, vehicle speed and coolant temperature. These data are very important for diagnosing vehicle performance problems, and technicians can analyze these data to judge whether there is abnormality in the vehicle.

3. Emission testing

OBD system plays an important role in emission control. It can monitor the emission level of vehicles and ensure that they meet the requirements of environmental regulations. If excessive emissions are detected, the system will record relevant fault codes, prompting that maintenance is needed.

Operation and management

When carrying out OBD inspection, technicians need to follow the following operation procedures:

At the management level, in order to ensure the effectiveness of OBD inspection, maintenance enterprises need to regularly train technicians to update their knowledge and skills. At the same time, enterprises should also invest in advanced scanning tools and diagnostic equipment to improve the accuracy and efficiency of inspection. In addition, the establishment of a perfect OBD inspection record and tracking system will help enterprises to better manage vehicle maintenance and improve customer satisfaction.

In a word, OBD inspection is an indispensable part of modern automobile maintenance, which ensures the safety and environmental performance of vehicles through real-time monitoring and data analysis. Correct operation and management can help maintenance enterprises to provide higher quality services and meet increasingly stringent vehicle inspection requirements.

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

According to the spirit of "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Sustainable Development of Resource-based Cities" issued by the State Council, shangzhi city is facing the resource crisis and economic crisis, such as the decrease of total forest resources, the decrease of recoverable resources, the decrease of high-quality timber output, the decrease of the stock of precious tree species and the decrease of production per unit area. Focusing on the State Council’s proposal on how to seize the opportunity to change the mode of forestry growth and promote the sustainable development of economy and society through economic transformation, the work of transformation and sustainable development of resource-based cities in our city is summarized as follows:

First, the effectiveness of forestry sustainable development and construction in shangzhi city

(1) Present situation of forest resources.shangzhi cityLocated in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, on the northwest slope of Zhangguangcailing, it is adjacent to Hailin County in the east, Wuchang County in the south, Acheng District of Harbin City in the west and Binxian County and Yanshou County in the north.The total administrative area of shangzhi city is 8910 square kilometers. There are six forestry units in China, namely Yabuli Forestry Bureau and Weihe Forestry Bureau, Changgang Experimental Forest Farm under the Provincial Forest Resources Bureau, Shangzhi State-owned Forest Farm Administration directly under the Provincial Forestry Department, Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm directly under the Northeast Forestry University and shangzhi city Forestry Bureau directly under the leadership of shangzhi city Municipal People’s Government. The city has more than 790,000 hectares of forestry land, accounting for 88.6% of the city’s total land area, with a forest coverage rate of 73.41% and a standing stock of 47.29 million cubic meters. In terms of ownership, the forestry land area of state-owned forestry business units is more than 720,000 hectares, and the standing stock is 44.56 million cubic meters; Non-state-owned forestry land covers an area of more than 70,000 hectares, and the standing stock is 2.73 million cubic meters; From the classification of forest land, there are more than 650 thousand hectares of forest land and more than 140 thousand hectares of other forest land.The management area and stock of non-state-owned forest areas under the responsibility of shangzhi city Forestry Bureau account for 8.5% and 5.8% of the city respectively.

(2) The history of forestry management and development.The history of forestry management in shangzhi city dates back to before 1958. The Provincial General Administration of Forestry Industry set up two forestry industry bureaus and an experimental forest farm in Shangzhi, and the county government set up a forestry bureau (field building office). Under the leadership of the county people’s Committee, a forestry department was established, and forestry assistants were set up in each commune. In the same year, Yabuli and Weihe Forest Industry Enterprise Bureau were established with the approval of the Provincial Planning Commission. In 1958, the Forestry Bureau was changed to Forestry Bureau, and 20 forest farms were set up in the county, some of which were mainly logging forest farms, and some were operating forest farms focusing on tending, management and afforestation. Thus formed the most primitive forestry system pattern. In 1963, the then Forestry Department of Shangzhi County organized the second-class investigation of forestry division and forest resources, re-divided the original 20 forest farms, and designated 10 state-owned forest farms. At that time, there were 20 forestry offices under 20 communes in the county, which were responsible for the forest management work of production teams. In 1992, the forestry system reform, under the premise of separating government from enterprises, formed Shangzhi State-owned Forest Farm Administration and shangzhi city Forestry Bureau. The forestry production and construction in shangzhi city has been ups and downs for decades, and it has been constantly improved and advanced in exploration, and has made great achievements.

——Forest management.In the era of planned economy, in order to meet the needs of national construction and people’s production and living materials, forest management activities mainly focused on logging, which led to unprecedented catastrophe of forest resources, and the total forest area and standing stock decreased sharply. As a result of the inventory in 1963, the forest coverage rate was 78%, which decreased to 57.8% in 1984. After the implementation of quota logging, the situation of excessive consumption of forest resources has been controlled and natural forests have been well protected. In 1994, the auction of "Five Wastes" was implemented, which led to a large loss of collective forest resources and excessive logging. Driven by the policy mechanism such as "maturing soil", a large number of valuable natural forest resources have been changed to forest land use, and Shangzhi’s forest resources have been greatly damaged.In the past five years, a total of 262,276 cubic meters of wood was produced, which was 32,360 cubic meters less than that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, and the amount of logging was reduced by 11%, which enabled the forest to recuperate. The transformation of low-yield and low-efficiency forests was completed in 1879 hectares, and the tending area of adult forests was 24,817 hectares, which enabled young and middle-aged forests to be nursed in time, improved the sanitary conditions in the forests, expanded the nutritional space of trees and accelerated their growth.

——Planting trees.In different historical years, under different historical conditions and different management systems, afforestation has always been supported and supported by party committees, governments, workers on the forestry front and the broad masses of the people, and the cause of afforestation has always shown a good momentum of vigorous development. Afforestation organized by the government in shangzhi city began in 1958, but the climax of afforestation was set after the allocation of "two shortages" in the 1970s and 1980s, which once set a historical record of afforestation of 200,000 mu per year. The recent peak of afforestation is the promulgation of "Decision on Greening the Land of Longjiang in Twelve Years", the issuance of two telegrams by the State Council and the provincial government, the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forests, the "fourth phase" project of the Three North Areas and the national ecological construction subsidy fund, and the decision of the provincial party committee to green the land of Heilongjiang in five years. Since 2000, more than 220,000 mu of artificial afforestation has been collectively completed only by returning farmland to forests and the "fourth phase" project of Three North Areas. At present, the afforestation area of artificial forests in collective forest areas in the city has reached 656,000 mu.

——Forest protection. By the end of 2011, 18 scientific and technological achievements had been transformed, popularized and applied, and a demonstration area of 1,000 mu of berries in cold regions had been established, and the construction of forest seedlings had been strengthened. There are 560 hectares of improved seed base, 840 hectares of seed collection base and 46 hectares of nursery, with an annual seed production capacity of 62,000 kilograms and an annual output of 33 million seedlings. Forest fire prevention has been achieved for 26 consecutive years without forest fires, the forest fire risk prediction and early warning system has been gradually established, the ability of preventing and fighting forest fires has been greatly improved, the regularization of forest public security teams has been continuously strengthened, and the infrastructure construction has been significantly improved. Through a series of centralized and unified special actions, various illegal and criminal activities have been severely cracked down, and zero planting has been realized in the work of banning seeds and shoveling drugs. New progress was made in the prevention and control of forest pests. The effective prevention and control rate of main forest pests and diseases reached 95%, the incidence rate dropped from 3% to 2.5% at present, the disaster rate was controlled at 0‰, the monitoring coverage rate reached 90.3%, and the quarantine rate of seedling production area reached 100%. A relatively complete forest pest control management system has been initially formed, with 267 fixed monitoring plots. The forestry law enforcement system has been gradually strengthened, and the investigation rate of forestry cases has been greatly improved. The research and application of forest pest control monitoring system has controlled the "four rates" index of the city’s pest control within the permitted range, and the forestry administration and public security have intensified their crackdown, severely cracking down on illegal logging and other forest resources.offenders and criminalsThe arrogance, deforestation cases decreased significantly, and forest resources were fully protected.

——Actively cultivate alternative industries and increase industrial scale production and construction. 1, complete the task of forest products industry construction. The first is to realize the transformation of the management system of forestry industry. The pencil board factory in Yibanpo Forest Farm is contracted out to foreign countries, and the processing factory in Yuanbao Forest Farm is operated in a joint-stock system, which makes a bold attempt in management. Second, the task of industrial production was fully completed. In 2011, more than 100,000 cubic meters of sawn timber were completed; 2. Vigorously develop individual economy and cultivate alternative industries. Actively guide and support forestry workers to develop individual and private economy. In 2011, the city’s forestry workers developed 10 self-employed economies. 800,000 bags of edible fungi were cultivated, and the city developed more than 1.4 billion bags of edible fungi industry; 500 livestock and poultry/animal; 3. Develop the production of small berries mainly by planting raspberries, and realize the industrialized production of non-forest industries. In 2011, according to the overall goal of the development planning of resource-exhausted cities, the city achieved 75,000 mu of planting area of small berry economic forests such as raspberries, resettled more than 20,000 employees, and solved many contradictions between agriculture and forestry. It has laid a solid foundation for the development of the four pillar industries in our city.

Second,Relevant policies and measures to promote sustainable development

(A) the policy environment to promote the development of forestry. First, the social status of forestry has been greatly improved.After the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on accelerating forestry development was issued, it provided a programmatic document for guiding the current forestry work. This decision defines forestry as not only an important public welfare undertaking, but also a basic industry, shouldering the dual tasks of ecological construction and forest product supply. At the same time, it is clear that forestry has made an important contribution to the country’s economic construction and the improvement of ecological conditions, and plays an increasingly important role in promoting the development of agriculture and rural economy in the new stage, expanding urban and rural employment and increasing farmers’ income.Second, the central government has continuously increased its investment in forestry.Since 2000, the central government has continuously increased its basic investment in forestry, and has successively launched six key forestry construction projects, among which shangzhi city has organized and implemented the project of returning farmland to forests, the "four-phase" construction project of the Three-North Shelterbelt and the forest ecological benefit compensation fund project. The implementation of these three projects has brought rare opportunities for Shangzhi’s forestry development. First, during the eight years of the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests, it will increase the forestry investment for shangzhi city by nearly 100 million yuan. Eight years’ implementation of the follow-up industrial construction of returning farmland to forests will inject 90 million yuan into the construction of forestry, rural energy and alternative industries in our city. The ecological benefit compensation fund project strives for the national investment of 720,000 yuan every year, increasing to 2.5 million yuan from 2011, not including the supporting special investment. The implementation of the three projects has increased the forest area of shangzhi city by nearly 300,000 mu (excluding state-owned), and the state will extend the compensation time for returning farmland to forests, which will greatly alleviate the problem of insufficient investment in afforestation.Third, the enthusiasm of the whole society to pay attention to forestry is constantly rising.. Firstly, with forest tourism, the in-depth development of forest by-products and the supply of high-quality building decoration materials, the whole society has a new understanding of the multi-functional benefits of forestry. Secondly, the improvement of ecological environment makes people pay more attention to the ecological benefits of forests. The third is that all sectors of society actively participate in the development and construction of forestry. As far as Shangzhi is concerned, in the past 10 years, afforestation has been mainly invested by individuals, and the forest right of returning farmland to forests is basically owned by individuals. The enthusiasm of public officials to buy forest land for afforestation is also relatively high, and there has been a rush to buy forest land and compete for afforestation.

(2) We must vigorously cultivate and protect forest resources.Accelerate forest resourcesCultivation, establish a stable high-quality wood supply system and forest ecosystem. It is necessary to vigorously develop native tree species, encourage the construction of mixed forests, make barren hills suitable for forests green, and gradually change the problem of low and single tree species structure in forest quality; It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of existing forests, vigorously cultivate precious tree species such as Korean pine, Fraxinus mandshurica, pineapple and walnut autumn, and continuously increase the proportion of precious tree species. It is necessary to effectively change the management concept, realize the transformation from simply using materials to building and cultivating a stable forest ecosystem, and at the same time meet people’s diversified ecological, economic and social needs.At present, the afforestation area in shangzhi city should be more than 400,000 mu, including 50,000 mu collectively. We should strive to complete it in 3-5 years, and at the same time, we must play the role of the main battlefield of ecological construction of state-owned forestry units to achieve a "chess game" in the city.It is necessary to further reduce timber production and resolutely put an end to over-exploitation and deforestation. The amount of timber harvested by Shangzhi in the Ninth Five-Year Plan and the Tenth Five-Year Plan is more than 800,000 meters per year. After the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project, it will be reduced to more than 400,000 cubic meters, which should be further reduced to less than 300,000 meters. At the same time, we must strengthen the protection consciousness of forest resources, strictly manage measures, and resolutely put an end to over-exploitation and deforestation. In the work, we should further strengthen supervision and inspection. Once the problem of over-quota and over-planned logging is found, we will resolutely investigate the responsibility of the "top leaders" and related responsible persons in accordance with the law and will never tolerate it. Third, we should continue to implement contract management and protection to realize the organic combination of resource protection and workers’ interests. It is necessary to further strengthen the construction of resource management and protection team, improve and perfect the supervision system of management and protection contract, implement dynamic monitoring and management of forest resources and major economic plant files in the contracted responsibility area, determine special personnel to conduct regular inspection and supervision, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of forest owners and contractors according to law, and strictly monitor the over-exploitation and utilization of forest resources.

(3) Strive to achieve sustainable forest management. First, we should fully understand the great significance of sustainable forest management.. The main purpose of sustainable forest management is to maintain the health and vitality of realistic and potential forest ecosystems through scientific management and rational utilization of forests, so as to meet the needs of economic and social development for forest products and their environmental service functions, and to ensure and promote the coordinated development of population, resources, environment, society and economy.Second, we must accurately grasp the scientific connotation of sustainable forest management.. Sustainable forest management refers to the whole dynamic process from forest cultivation, management and protection, tending to utilization, and its essential requirement is to meet the needs of contemporary people without causing harm to future generations. The core task is to increase the supply of forest products and improve the service function of forests; The basic idea is to pursue the coordination, unity and sustainable development of ecological, social and economic benefits; The goal model is to meet the continuous and diverse needs of human beings for forest resources through strict protection and scientific management.Third, we should vigorously promote the implementation process of sustainable forest management.. To solve the long-term development of forest areas, we must strictly protect the existing natural forests and control the excessive consumption of natural forest resources by stopping logging and reducing production in accordance with the principle of "strict protection, active development, scientific management and sustainable utilization". Further increase forest vegetation through artificial afforestation, closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and aerial seeding afforestation; By strengthening the cultivation of young and middle-aged forests and the transformation of low-yield forests, the forest quality and woodland productivity will be continuously improved.

(4) Accelerating the pace of industrial restructuring and development. First, we must persist in scientific and technological innovation and lead industrial development.. Using modern scientific and technological means to improve the overall quality and strength of forestry industry. In 2011, the total output value of social forestry economic construction in shangzhi city was 1.38 billion yuan, the profit was 560 million yuan, and the tax paid was 80 million yuan, with an annual growth rate of more than 10%. There are mainly forest tourism, northern medicine development, green food, wood processing, willow weaving and seedling and flower industry. Among these six industries, forest industry and green food forest tourism have become the leading industries of the five industries in shangzhi city’s regional economic construction.Second, we should make full use of rich forest resources and human resources to develop characteristic tourism.. Tourism is a new leading industry in recent years. There are four national forest parks in shangzhi city, namely Maoershan tourist scenic spot centered on Lvjiaweizi, Yabuli ski resort windmill villa, a ruined tourist area and Wanfoshan tourist area. There is the first village to commemorate Zhou Libo’s Yuanbao land reform culture. There are a large number of unique tourism resources, such as the Anti-Union Base Area represented by the place where Zhao Yiman was arrested. Especially, skiing tourism in winter brings great economic and social benefits to Shangzhi every year.Third, we should support and cultivate a number of pillar industries with strong competitive strength..Taking the wood processing industry as an example, Shangzhi has 328 wood processing enterprises, with an annual output value of 290 million yuan, profits of 10 million yuan and taxes of 15 million yuan. There are more than 20 wood processing enterprises above designated size, mainly concentrated in Weihe Town, Yabuli Town, Shangzhi Town and Yuanbao Town. The development of these enterprises has formed a certain scale, and has formed a certain demonstration and driving role in the local and surrounding areas, but the product grade and competitiveness in the international market are still in a weak position, and the in-depth development and utilization of products are still at a latent level, especially the comprehensive utilization of waste has not yet reached the goal of eating dry and squeezing clean.

(5)Create a good internal and external development environment. First, we must give financial support.. The active preferential tax policy has been implemented. At present, the taxes on agricultural and forestry specialties have been abolished, and the income tax should be gradually reduced or exempted for enterprises, especially for processing enterprises that use wood residues as raw materials. Policy banks actively provide financial services in line with the characteristics of forestry, appropriately extend the term of forestry loans, broaden the types of support loans, lower the threshold of loan access, and extend the length of loans, so that enterprises and farmers can enjoy the preferential policies of state financial support, and solve the problem of insufficient investment in forestry.Second, we should further deepen the reform of the forestry system.. As far as Shangzhi is concerned, the forestry system can be called the management pattern of "three gangs and five countries". The state-owned forestry units in China occupy more than half of Shangzhi and belong to different higher authorities, so it is difficult to implement a unified pace in the overall planning and implementation of ecological construction, the unified allocation of resources and the systematic development of industries. Especially in the construction of ecological environment, it failed to give full play to the main battlefield role of construction. Therefore, in order to strengthen environmental construction, improve the relationship between forest and farmers, promote the adjustment of industrial structure, and speed up the pace of forest areas and farmers getting rich, it is necessary to continuously increase the government’s macro-control and give local governments corresponding rights.Third, we must continuously increase infrastructure construction.. We should only focus on the overall goal of establishing a complete ecological system and a developed forestry industrial system, increase basic investment around law enforcement, fire prevention and pest control, forest development through science and technology, management and protection network and resource cultivation. Through the establishment and improvement of various infrastructures, we will continue to deepen forestry construction and promote the great and rapid development of forestry.

Third, the problems and contradictions faced

Realizing the release of rural potential and promoting rural economic development by deepening the reform of forest right; Increase farmers’ income, promote farmers’ employment and maintain rural stability; Improve the ecological benefits and the supply capacity of forest products and forest by-products; Promote the transformation from traditional forestry to modern forestry. To promote this reform, it is necessary to establish the dominant position of farmers, clarify the ownership and use rights of trees, liberalize the management rights, implement the disposal rights and guarantee the income rights on the premise of keeping the ownership of rural land unchanged. In a short period of time, set up on the basis of individual contract management,Management mechanism of forest region with coexistence of various economic forms and unity of responsibility and rights.First, the reform of collective forest rights can enrich and improve the rural household contract responsibility system.Woodland, like cultivated land, is an important land resource of the country, an important production factor of forestry and an important livelihood guarantee for farmers. We will promote the reform of collective forest rights, give farmers the right to use forest land, and let farmers enjoy the ownership, use and income rights of forest land according to law. Realize "the mountain has its owner, the owner has its right, the right has its responsibilities, and the responsibility has its benefits", so that the production relations of forestry can better meet the development requirements of productive forces and further liberate and develop rural productive forces.Second, the reform of collective forest rights can expand the space for agricultural development.Through the reform of forest right, various production factors such as capital, technology and labor will be attracted to forestry and forest areas, and the ecological, economic, cultural and social multi-functional benefits of forestry will be continuously developed, the social supply capacity of forest products and forest by-products will be increased, the field of forestry management will be extended in depth and breadth, and the diversity and versatility of forestry will be developed.Third, the support and means to enhance the competitiveness of forestry through the reform of collective forest rights.The development of industry depends on the market mechanism. Only by adjusting the forestry structure to the market can we continuously improve the quality and efficiency of forestry. Only by fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of market players can we continuously improve the comprehensive forestry capacity and management level. Through the reform of forest right, the market mechanism is introduced into forestry economy and ecological construction, the property right relationship is clear, the market subject is clear, the market system is cultivated, and the market transaction is standardized, so that forestry has inherent development vitality and a virtuous cycle development mechanism is established.Fourth, the reform of forest rights can provide guarantee for ecological construction.To protect and manage the forest ecological environment well, only by protecting in development and protecting in development can we realize the benign interaction between development, utilization and protection, and only by further clarifying the relationship between property rights, income and distribution can we achieve people’s concentration and take root in the mountains, and can we better play the ecological and economic benefits of forestry.

In short, according to the requirements of the State Council’s "Several Opinions", there is a big gap in building a resource-based city and realizing sustainable development in our city. It is difficult to get rid of the accumulated disadvantages for many years, and it will take a long time to repair the excessive damage. However, the people of the city will make concerted efforts to overcome difficulties and unswervingly follow the road of sustainable development.

Four, 2012 and the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period of sustainable development.

Strive to increase the forest coverage rate to74%more thanBreakthrough progress has been made in ecological management, soil erosion in major river basins and desertification in major sandstorm areas have been alleviated, the overall deterioration of ecological conditions has been initially curbed, and the forestry industrial structure has become more reasonable. The area of ecological public welfare forest protected by the state has reached 109,000 hectares, accounting for 55.9% of the forest area; The nature reserve covers an area of 2,591 hectares. The average productivity of forest land increased from 73.4 to 80 cubic meters/hectare; The supply rate of commercial timber in plantation reached over 35%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of timber reached.　 90%, basically realize the transformation from cutting natural forests to cutting artificial forests; The seed supply rate of afforestation base will reach over 30%, the utilization rate of improved varieties will reach 65%, the qualified rate of seedlings leaving the nursery is 90%, the rate of first-class seedlings leaving the nursery is 85%, the self-sufficiency rate of seedlings is 100%, and the rate of container seedling raising is 10%. The incidence of forest pests and rodents will be controlled below 5%, the disaster rate will be controlled below 4.5‰, the monitoring coverage rate will reach over 90%, and the effective control rate will reach over 80%. The fire rate of forest land should be controlled below 1‰. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress reached 60%.

(Source: National Rural Economic Dynamic Monitoring Point, shangzhi city Development and Reform Commission, Heilongjiang Province)

Compared with the 217-issue new car access catalogue, which just released all the information, the 218-issue is almost a foil. It seems that there are five new car numbers. Try to figure out carefully that only two new models, Daida and Shanghai Facelift, can barely cope, although there are fewer new faces, it is still necessary to see which models are included in the current access catalogue.

● CA7600

Speculation model: FAW

Car number has its strict fixed pattern, in which CA is the manufacturer’s number, 7 represents the car classification in the car, and the second and third Arabic numerals represent the displacement of the car itself. With this explanation, we can understand the meaning of CA7600. A car with a displacement of 6.0L can be matched with a car with a displacement of 6.0L in a red flag car without much thought. Naturally, it is the HQE model that appeared in the auto show as an identity.

Positioning luxury high-end red flag HQE without camouflage spy photos exposure
http://www.autohome.com.cn/news/201009/138771.html

● DFM7160/7161

Predicted vehicle type: energy saving declaration of S30 car series

They are all registered models. Why do they appear in the catalogue again? The first thing that comes to mind is the declaration of the energy-saving catalogue. At present, the self-owned brand models can be said to be completely annihilated, including S30 models, and even the second-phase energy-saving catalogue has no models of its own, which is even worse for S30, an unpopular model. Dongfeng’s urgent delay is to make S30 all up to standard.

Of course, another possibility is the upcoming CROSS model in S30, which is not very likely from the relationship of relevant declaration numbers. S30 version is DFM7160B1, while S30 version is DFM7160B2. The latest number indicates that both numbers appear. You should know that S30 sedan version has no CROSS model plan. From one aspect, it is an energy-saving declaration model and has nothing to do with CROSS.

● SVW6440

Presumptive model: Touran +1.4

The revised Touran, which appeared in this issue, still continues to use the catalog number of the current models. After all, it is not a replacement, but only a chief mate’s modification is made for the front end, which brings a new atmosphere to the sales level with a brand-new family style, but a larger gold signboard of 1.4TSI+ is added in the kernel.

"New Touran spy photos exposed before"

There is no need to introduce the powertrain too much. The golden combination of 1.4TSI+7-speed DSG has been fully rolled out on many models owned by Volkswagen. The kerb quality of Touran itself is not too big, and the kerb quality of Touran is only 1570Kg. Although the lighter 1.4TSI is slightly inferior to 1.8T in power performance, it is still capable of pushing Touran around 1.55 tons, at least stronger than the old 8V 2.0L naturally aspirated engine.

Two new models of New Touran/Shanghai Volkswagen will be launched at the end of the year.
http://www.autohome.com.cn/news/201009/139386.html

● DN7152

Estimated vehicle type: 1.5L energy-saving declaration

V3 revision is not new, it has appeared in the 215 issue of the catalogue, with the number of DN7150, and it appears in this issue of the catalogue with the brand-new number of DN7152.I’m afraid its purpose is to save energy.Similar to the situation of most independent brands, it also failed in the energy-saving catalogue, and re-applied the energy-saving preferential catalogue with a brand-new number.

"Re-declaration of modified V3 Lingyue may be for the sake of energy-saving catalogue"

The vehicle number, engine model, transmission and other aspects are completely consistent with DN7150. The only difference is the interchange of the Arabic numerals 0 and 2.

　　On the 12th, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons released a summary of the investigation report on the poisoning incident of a former Russian intelligence officer and his daughter in Britain, and determined that the two men were involved in a high-purity "Novichok" nerve agent.

　　The summary of the investigation report did not specify the specific model of this poison, nor did it indicate which party should be responsible for the "poisoning" incident.

　　[Recognized the British argument]

　　According to the abstract, at the request of the British side, the OPCW collected samples in Salisbury, England, and sent them to four laboratories associated with this international supervisory body. "The environmental and biomedical samples collected by the OPCW expert group were analyzed by the laboratory designated by the OPCW, and the conclusions obtained proved the results of the British investigation on the characterization of chemical agents."

　　Sergei Skripal, a former Russian intelligence officer, and his daughter You Liya fell into a coma on the streets of Salisbury on March 4th. The British side decided that Krippahl’s father and daughter had won the "Novichok" developed by the Soviet Union, and asked the OPCW to investigate the incident independently to verify the British conclusion. An expert group of OPCW went to the incident site to collect multiple samples on March 21.

　　DPA mentioned in the report that the summary of the OPCW’s investigation report only said that the British conclusion was "correct" and did not specify the specific model of the poison. Earlier, Alexander Jakovenko, Russian ambassador to Britain, said that the poison should be Novichok A-234.

　　The OPCW’s summary also said that this chemical preparation is of high purity and "almost no impurities".

　　[Not confirming the responsible party]

　　In the summary of the report, the OPCW did not identify which party should be responsible for the poisoning incident in Krippahl.

　　British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson told reporters on the 12th that the OPCW confirmed that this poison "is the military-grade nerve agent Novichok. There is no need to question who uses this kind of thing, and there is no other explanation, that is, only Russia has this means and motivation. "

　　The Russian side denied the British identification, referring to the British "self-directed and self-performed." The Russian side has been asking the British side to provide samples of poison for joint investigation, which was rejected by the British side. The Russian government submitted a list of questions to the OPCW on the 1 ST, involving the investigation process.

　　A research center under the Russian Ministry of Defense previously said that the poison used by former spies for "poisoning" may have been developed by Americans. Will Mi Erzha Yanov, a Soviet chemist who has emigrated to the United States, once recorded Novichok’s "formula" in his book.

　　This incident triggered a diplomatic storm between Britain and Russia. The two sides expelled diplomats from each other and many western countries joined the British camp. At the request of the British side, the OPCW is scheduled to hold an emergency meeting next week to discuss the laboratory analysis results. The results of laboratory analysis are scheduled to be circulated among representatives of member States on the 12th.

　　It is not clear how the OPCW will respond to this incident. Reuters reported that the executive board of this organization has been unable to make a decision on the "poisoning" incident in Krippahl due to the disagreement between western countries and Russia. (Du Fu) (special feature of Xinhua News Agency)

　　A chemical plant in Xiantao City, Hubei Province leaked toxic substances and polluted tap water, causing more than 20 villagers to be poisoned.

　　On October 11th, Mr. Xu, a villager from Magou Village, pengchang, Xiantao City, Hubei Province, told The Paper that on October 1st, his parents had "vomiting and diarrhea" after dinner, and his father also had symptoms of "unable to move his limbs and unclear consciousness" and was taken to the hospital for rescue. Mr. Xu revealed that on the night of the incident, many villagers in the same village and nearby daling village also had the same symptoms, and the hospital initially judged it as "food poisoning".

Poisoned villagers in hospital

　　On the morning of 11th, a staff member of Xiantao Municipal Government confirmed to The Paper that many people were poisoned by toxic substances leaking from a chemical plant in pengchang. After preliminary investigation, a toxic substance leaked from Hubei Zhanpeng New Materials Co., Ltd., a company involved, which caused tap water pollution and exceeded the standard of barium metal. After the incident, the enterprises involved were ordered to stop production. At present, the relevant departments of the local government are investigating the specific situation.

　　According to Mr. Xu, according to his mother’s memory, the tap water used that day was no different from usual, but the dishes made were bitter. "My father has the behavior of drinking tap water directly, so the symptoms are much heavier than those of my mother." Mr. Xu said that his father had been treated in ICU for 10 days. During the period, the hospital issued several critical notices. At present, his father is still in a coma

　　The doctor-patient communication record provided by Mr. Xu on October 3 showed that his father was diagnosed as "acute respiratory failure, toxic encephalopathy, hypokalemia" and so on, and his condition was critical.

　　Xu Hai (a pseudonym), a villager in the same village, told The Paper that in the evening of October 1, he also developed symptoms of "vomiting and diarrhea, and his limbs could not move" after dinner, and he was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment in the early morning of October 2. After five days of treatment, she was discharged from the hospital and is in good health.

　　"On October 2, the hospital also opened a green channel to receive patients with the same symptoms." Xu Hai said that on the second day after the incident, the tap water supply in Magou Village and daling village stopped until October 7. "We all dare not use tap water and drink pure water we bought ourselves."

　　In this regard, on October 11, a staff member of Xiantao Municipal People’s Government introduced that the poisoning accident was caused by the leakage of toxic substances from Hubei Zhanpeng New Materials Co., Ltd., causing tap water pollution, and 24 people went to the hospital for treatment. At present, 22 people have been discharged from the hospital, and the remaining 2 people have no symptoms of poisoning and are still receiving treatment for their own basic diseases in the hospital.

　　The aforementioned staff said that after the incident, the enterprises involved were ordered to stop production. At present, the enterprise has resumed production after rectification. As for the specific situation, relevant departments of the local government are still investigating.

　　According to the upstream news, officials involved in the investigation in pengchang said that the police had controlled the relevant personnel.

　　Eye-catching shows that Hubei Zhanpeng New Materials Co., Ltd. was established in August 2004, and its main business is research and development, production and sales of various electronic-grade and nano-grade functional ceramic powder materials (mainly barium carbonate and titanium dioxide at present). The main products are high-purity barium carbonate and titanium dioxide basic powder.

　　The Paper noted that the company had been punished by the local environmental protection department for discharging water pollutants exceeding the national or local water pollutant discharge standards for three consecutive years. On August 22, 2017, Xiantao Environmental Monitoring Station cooperated with Pengchang Environmental Protection Station of Xiantao City to sample and monitor the total wastewater discharge outlet of the company. The monitoring data showed that the ammonia nitrogen emission concentration of the total discharge outlet was 153mg/L (the discharge standard was 15mg/L), which exceeded the standard by 9.2 times. Xiantao Environmental Protection Bureau imposed a fine of 17,241 yuan on the company, which was five times the amount of sewage charges paid.

　　(The Paper reporter Liao Yan intern Jiang Longqing)

　　Reporter Fang Liang, Shi Dongbai and Zhao Jing reported that from May 19th to 20th, the second reading class of the provincial party committee to study and implement the theme education of the supreme leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era and the learning seminar of the theoretical learning center group of the provincial party committee were held in Shenyang. The theme of this reading class is to thoroughly study and understand the important exposition of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party, to firmly implement the important requirements of "stressing honesty, understanding rules and observing discipline", to remain absolutely loyal to the Party, to keep the true nature of politics forever, to deeply reflect on the root causes of a series of corruption cases in Liaoning, to continue to clean up and repair the political ecology, to make the Party strong and the political ecology clean, and to provide a strong political guarantee for Liaoning’s comprehensive revitalization of new breakthroughs. Hao Peng, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Li Lecheng, Deputy Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee and Governor, and Zhou Bo, Chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, attended the reading class and presided over group exchanges and discussions respectively.

　　During the reading class, provincial leaders concentrated on the important speech made by the Supreme Leader at the Second Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the spirit of relevant documents of the Central Committee, carefully studied the important exposition of the Supreme Leader on comprehensively administering the Party strictly, carefully studied the selected readings of the Supreme Leader’s works, the Outline of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era of the Supreme Leader, and On the Party’s Self-Revolution by the Supreme Leader, and achieved solid results in building souls, enhancing wisdom, rectifying morals and promoting cadres through learning. The reading class spent one day in group exchange and discussion. Everyone deeply reflected on the root causes and serious harm of a series of corruption cases in Liaoning, put their own responsibilities into it, put their work in charge of the field into it, and talked about understanding, experience and improvement measures. They said that they should resolutely implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, pay attention to high-quality development on the one hand, strictly manage the party in an all-round way on the other, take the lead in assuming the political responsibility of managing the party and the party, and constantly improve the level of managing the party.

　　Hao Peng said in the exchange seminar that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made a series of important speeches and made a series of important instructions on comprehensively administering the Party strictly, clearly put forward the general requirements for Party building in the new era, made clear the direction path from the aspects of the fundamental principles, policies, main line foundation, overall layout and overall objectives of Party building, and scientifically answered the major questions of "what kind of Marxist party to be in power for a long time and how to build it". General Secretary Supreme Leader’s important exposition on comprehensively and strictly administering the Party has provided us with fundamental follow-up for strengthening Party building in the new era and comprehensively and strictly administering the Party. We should conscientiously study and implement, do a solid job in implementation, continue to carry forward the spirit of self-revolution, resolutely "stress honesty, understand rules and observe discipline", persist in strict tone, strict measures and strict atmosphere for a long time, promote the comprehensive and strict development of the party, continuously purify the political ecology, and provide a strong political guarantee for winning the "Liaoshen Campaign" in the new era and building a Chinese-style modern new Liaoning.

　　Hao Peng said: Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our province has successively held the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Provincial Party Committee, the Fifth Plenary Session and the Plenary Session of the Provincial Discipline Inspection Commission, formulated and promulgated the Opinions on Unswervingly Advancing the Comprehensive and Strict Administration of the Party and Focusing on Building a Clean and Upright Political Ecology, and the "1+5+2" series of documents on curbing the increase of corruption and eliminating the stock of corruption, held the conference on continuously purifying the political ecology and warning education in the province, and made systematic arrangements and careful arrangements for the management of the party and the party in the province, which was released. Strictly administering the party in an all-round way is always on the road, and the party’s self-revolution is always on the road. We should always put the party’s political construction in the first place, firmly support the "two establishment", resolutely achieve the "two maintenance", strengthen political supervision, and resolutely correct the problems such as the weakening of the party’s political construction and the lack of political responsibility. We should persist in using the Party’s innovative theory to build a soul, make great efforts in deep study, careful understanding and perseverance, truly master Marxist housekeeping skills, and consciously use them to arm our minds, guide practice and promote work. We must firmly grasp the clear orientation of selecting and employing people, highlight the principle of party management of cadres, strictly implement the standards of good cadres in the new era, and strive to improve the accuracy of selecting and employing people and the matching between people and posts. It is necessary to take system construction as a fundamental solution, tighten the cage of the system, highlight the responsibility mechanism of "top leaders" and the supervision mechanism of "top leaders".Effectively strengthen the enforcement of laws and regulations within the party. We should persevere in rectifying the wind and discipline, conscientiously implement the spirit of the eight central regulations and the detailed rules for the implementation of the provincial party committee, continue to deepen the rectification of "four winds", always maintain a good work style, strive for high morale, and promote the three-year action to achieve solid results. We should punish corruption with a zero-tolerance attitude, maintain the courage to face up to the problem and the firmness of the blade inward, and promote it as one, not daring to rot, not wanting to rot. Provincial leading cadres should take the lead in self-examination and self-examination, consciously accept supervision, and be builders and defenders of beautiful political ecology.

　　During the exchange seminar, Li Lecheng said that it is necessary to thoroughly implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on comprehensively and strictly administering the Party, firmly grasp the political direction of comprehensively and strictly administering the Party in accordance with the work requirements of the provincial party committee, firmly defend the "two establishment" and resolutely achieve the "two maintenance" in implementing the political responsibility of managing the Party and the Party, and consciously stress honesty, understand rules and observe discipline, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the implementation of the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing and breaking through. It is necessary to give full play to the political leading and political guarantee role of strictly administering the party in an all-round way, adhere to the foundation of high-quality party building, and push the high-quality economic development to a new level; Break obstacles and clear obstacles with high-quality party building, and promote reform and innovation into the fast lane; Build a cohesive force with high-quality party building to promote new achievements in people’s livelihood work; Knowing the danger by high-quality party building, and promoting risk prevention and control to be more solid and powerful; With high-quality party building, we will promote the development of the party’s work style and clean government, actively participate in theme education, continue to work hard to start businesses, and promote new progress and breakthroughs in all work of the government system with new weather and new actions.

　　Zhou Bo said in the exchange seminar that strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is a major strategic plan made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to coordinate the two overall domestic and international situations and to take charge of great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams. In the new era and new journey, we must implement the requirements of strictly administering the party in an all-round way in all aspects, links and specific work of party building, firmly support the "two establishment" and resolutely achieve the "two maintenance", enhance the ability of self-purification, self-improvement, self-innovation and self-improvement, and earnestly shoulder the political responsibility of managing the party. The party’s leading cadres, especially senior cadres, should play an exemplary and leading role, profoundly absorb the lessons of a series of corruption cases in Liaoning, resolutely resist the idea of official standard, guide the selection and employment of people, and consciously accept supervision. The CPPCC organizations should implement the requirements of strictly administering the party in an all-round way with a higher position, stricter standards and more practical measures, and truly play the role of "important positions", "important platforms" and "important channels" of the CPPCC.

　　Liu Qifan, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee, secretary of the Provincial Discipline Inspection Commission and director of the Provincial Supervision Commission, made a speech at the center. Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee, Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, Vice Governor of the Provincial Government, Vice Chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, President of the Provincial Court and Procurator-General of the Provincial Procuratorate attended the reading class. Responsible comrades of relevant provincial departments attended the meeting.

    From November 10th to 13th, the 2023 Digital Technology Ecology Conference, organized by China Telecom and many domestic and foreign enterprises, was held in Guangzhou. During the exhibition, as a long-term partner of China Telecom, Huawei Terminal presented at the conference with the latest terminal products, new M7, and full-scenario solutions.

    At the 2023 Digital Technology Ecology Conference, Huawei terminals demonstrated cutting-edge technologies such as satellite communication and intelligent driving, and also brought the newly released extraordinary master brand products to the scene for the guests to experience. Huawei terminals have recently launched new products in their respective fields to boost the rapid development of the industry.

    In this exhibition, Huawei Terminal won the 2023 Eco-cooperation Award from China Telecom.

    Ask the new M7 in the world to lead the intellectual drive upgrade.

    Recently, a number of new energy automobile companies announced the delivery of new cars in October 2023. Among them, AITO has shown a strong growth momentum. In October, AITO series delivered 12,700 new cars, of which 10,500 new cars were delivered by the new M7, and the delivery of a single model exceeded 10,000 in a single month, a record high.

    At the exhibition site, Huawei also brought two cars, the M5 Intelligent Driving Edition and the new M7, for the audience to experience a new generation of smart cars on the spot. It is reported that the HUAWEI ADS 2.0 high-order intelligent driving system of the new M7 will realize high-speed and high-order intelligent driving on urban roads without relying on high-precision maps.

    In addition, the perception ability of HUAWEI ADS 2.0 has also raised the intellectual driving level of the new M7 to a new level. Relying on BEV perception ability and GOD 2.0 network ability, it can easily identify what the object is. According to the official introduction, the recognition rate of the object can reach 99.9%, which provides better support for vehicles to avoid risks, especially in the more complicated road environment in urban areas, making the intelligent driving system truly a thinking brain.

    Yu Chengdong once said that Huawei has invested as much as 500 million yuan in research and development expenses to support the upgrading of the new M7. According to the official introduction, in order to further enhance the delivery capacity, the industry has invested more than 1 billion yuan to ensure the quality and quantity of delivery. At present, the continuous high investment is making Huawei’s smart car selection business win positive feedback from the market and continue to be favored by consumers.

   Two-way satellite communication shows the king’s demeanor

    Huawei satellite communication has also ushered in an update. Satellite communication technology was first installed on HUAWEI Mate 50 series mobile phones. Although it only supports Beidou satellite one-way information transmission, it has opened up a new track for the development of smart phones in the future. Since then, Huawei has continued to iterate this technology. HUAWEI P60 series has brought two-way Beidou satellite messages, which means that users can send messages and receivers can reply to messages. The newly released HUAWEI Mate 60 Pro+ has dual satellite communication function. When there is no terrestrial network, it not only supports two-way messages, but also supports satellite calls as long as the satellite package is opened.

    Compared with mobile communication, satellite communication plays an important role in the environment without the coverage of communication base stations. However, due to the difficulties in application, satellite communication can only be used in commercial scenes for a long time, and it is difficult for satellite calls to be popularized.

    The launch of HUAWEI Mate 60 Pro+ dual satellite communication function has a great driving effect on the upstream and downstream industrial chains. Because the market will mature with the growth of demand scale, the market growth can drive the whole chain to run through. With the development of more and more related application scenarios such as marine fishery, emergency rescue, tourism adventure and Internet of Things, more brands will invest in the research and development of this function, and satellite calls will also erupt in the field of smart phones.

    All the new ecological products in the whole scene are exhibited.

    Previously, Huawei held an autumn full-scene conference and released a number of new full-scene ecological products. At the exhibition site, there are three complete scene areas: sports health, terminal government and enterprise and whole house intelligence, and a variety of new products of Huawei terminals and multi-device collaborative scenes are displayed for the audience to experience.

    For example, the extraordinary master smart watch of HUAWEI WATCH ULTIMATE DESIGN at the Huawei Autumn Full Scene Conference also appeared in this Huawei terminal exhibition area. As Huawei’s first gold smart watch, it combines 18K precious gold in material technology; The 13.2-inch Huawei MatePad Pro brings a brand-new PC-level WPS Office, combined with the intelligent interaction of HarmonyOS, which brings a better PC-level office experience and realizes the document synchronization between PC and mobile phone. HUAWEI FreeBuds Pro 3 TWS headphones use the star flash technology, which improves the physical bandwidth by 4 times and the anti-interference ability by 2 times, and has lossless sound quality with super CD quality.

    At the Huawei Developers Conference in 2023, Yu Chengdong revealed that the number of ecological devices in HarmonyOS has exceeded 700 million, and 2.2 million Harmony OS developers have invested in the development of the HarmonyOS world. Huawei terminals have always had a clear category plan for the full-scenario business line, and at the same time, their ecological positioning has been more refined. In the future, the continuous construction of the "1+8+N" full-scenario ecology will continue to promote the high-quality development of the industry.

    From mobile phones, wearables, routers and other multi-product fields to consumer and business fields, Huawei terminals and operators’ partners have always maintained close cooperation. The Huawei terminal exhibition area also has a terminal government and enterprise area for the live audience to experience.

Letter from youth

　　The second letter: The word "social fear" is often jokingly mentioned by students, but I am distressed because I am a veritable "social fear". For example, I always hide from the group activities at school. At the last class reunion, I obviously wanted to enhance my feelings with my classmates, but I was terrified at the thought of communicating and interacting in front of everyone, and finally I made an excuse not to go. In class, even if I know the answer, I seldom raise my hand to speak, for fear that I will be laughed at by my classmates if I make a mistake.

　　I have seriously reflected on it and think it may be influenced by social media. In the online world, I can easily show my beautiful side, and at the same time I can see the life carefully built by some people. But in real life, in the face of real social scenes, I will shrink back because I am afraid that my performance is not perfect.

　　I especially want to get rid of this "social fear" state, be able to associate with people freely and actively participate in various activities, but I don’t know where to start. Can you give me some suggestions?

——————————

　　Create a more inclusive and supportive environment for young people.

　　 Zhang Yingjun (Teacher, Mental Health Education and Consultation Center, Beijing Normal University)

　　Judging from the description of this classmate’s letter, "social fear" has become an important label for him to describe his social psychology. Moreover, some young people laugh at themselves and humorously reflect their embarrassing and evasive behavior in social interaction.

　　Social phobia disorder, also known as Social Anxiety Disorder, is manifested as a psychological state of intense fear and anxiety about social occasions or public performance. Patients are often worried about making a fool of themselves in front of others, being judged or laughed at, so they avoid social activities or show obvious anxiety in social situations. According to a survey, as many as 40% of young people said that they have different degrees of "social phobia", among which the proportion of women is slightly higher than that of men. However, it is worth noting that not all young people who call themselves "social phobia" meet the clinical diagnostic criteria of social phobia, and they may just show a tendency of social avoidance or anxiety.

　　On a global scale, this kind of mood and state of avoiding social interaction is common among young people, which affects their interpersonal relationship, reduces social support, increases loneliness, and the risk of emotional problems such as depression and anxiety, and may have a negative impact on social function and quality of life.

　　So, what caused the "social fear" of young people?

　　First of all, family environment and social pressure are the deep-seated reasons for young people’s social fear. Family environment has a profound influence on young people’s social ability. Kohut, a psychologist, believes that parents’ lack of mirror reflection and recognition in their interaction with their children (parents need to respond appropriately to their children’s values, achievements and achievements like mirrors-editor’s note) leads to children’s lack of healthy narcissism (self-confidence) and fear of others’ evaluation, which is the root cause of "social fear". Parents’ expectations, family education atmosphere and childhood experience may all be important factors affecting young people’s social psychology. For example, children who have been denied by their parents for a long time may lack independence and self-confidence, and are more likely to feel uneasy and anxious in social situations. The competition in modern society is fierce, and young people are facing enormous economic pressure and career challenges. These external pressures not only affect their quality of life, but also aggravate their social anxiety to some extent. In social situations, they may be worried that their performance does not meet the expectations or standards of others, so they choose to avoid it.

　　Secondly, the lack of self-efficacy and negative self-evaluation are the direct reasons for young people’s "social fear". Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s confidence level in completing a task or coping with a certain situation. In social situations, many young people lack self-confidence and are afraid that they can’t cope with others’ eyes and comments. At the same time, negative self-evaluation also plays an important role in the emergence of young people’s "social fear". They often criticize their appearance, words and deeds excessively, thinking that they are not perfect and prone to make mistakes, which affects their self-esteem and makes them feel more nervous and uneasy in social situations.

　　Thirdly, social media and virtual socialization are external factors that aggravate young people’s "social fear". With the popularity of the Internet and the rise of virtual social media, the way people communicate has undergone earth-shaking changes. Although social media provides convenient communication channels, it also weakens the ability of face-to-face communication. Many young people are addicted to the virtual social world, but ignore the cultivation of social skills in reality. This phenomenon is called "otaku culture", that is, people prefer to stay at home and communicate with others through electronic devices instead of going out to participate in social activities in real life. Information overload and algorithm recommendation on social media may also lead to self-doubt and anxiety among young people. They may feel inferior and uneasy because their appearance, talent or social skills are not as good as others. At the same time, the negative information on social media may also aggravate the social pressure of young people, making them more nervous and anxious when facing social occasions.

　　How to deal with the social fear of young people?

　　First of all, society should create an inclusive and supportive environment. The society should establish a diversified value evaluation system to help parents reduce anxiety, recognize their children more, and enhance their self-confidence and self-efficacy. Family members should give young people enough care and support, encourage them to actively participate in social activities, and provide necessary help and guidance. When young people encounter social difficulties, family members should give positive feedback and suggestions to help them establish correct coping strategies and mentality. At the same time, young people should also actively reflect on the influence of society and family, build a healthy system of values and self-evaluation, actively interact with family and others, increase connections and establish a social support system.

　　Secondly, young people should establish positive self-awareness. Cognitive reconstruction is an effective way to help social terrorists identify and change negative thinking patterns and behavior habits. For young people, establishing positive self-awareness is the first step to overcome "social fear". They need to learn to accept their imperfections and shortcomings and stop being harsh and critical of themselves. At the same time, they should also learn to look at the evaluation of themselves and others with a positive eye, and not care too much about the opinions and attitudes of others. Positive self-suggestion can help them enhance their self-confidence and coping ability, thus reducing social anxiety. For example, positive psychological hints such as "I can cope with this social occasion" and "I have my own advantages and strengths".

　　Thirdly, young people should improve their social skills. Social skills training is one of the effective means to overcome social phobia. It can help young people improve their social skills and self-confidence and better cope with the challenges in social situations. Young people can actively participate in various social activities, such as interest groups, community activities, volunteer activities and so on. These activities can not only provide more social opportunities, but also help them build positive social experiences and interpersonal relationships. In the process of participating in activities, young people can gradually learn social skills such as how to establish contact with others, how to express their views and feelings, and how to deal with conflicts and differences.

　　In addition, young people should also pay attention to improving their physical and psychological qualities. A healthy lifestyle plays an important role in alleviating "social fear". Regular work and rest, healthy diet and moderate exercise can improve physical fitness, enhance psychological endurance, and help release stress and relieve anxiety. At the same time, young people can also try some relaxation training, such as deep breathing and meditation.

　　Social fear is not an insurmountable obstacle. Society, families and individuals should work together to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for young people and help them grow up healthily. By redefining their own value system, reconstructing negative self-cognition, training social skills and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, young people can gradually cope with social fears and enjoy the fun and sense of accomplishment brought by social interaction. In this process, the uniqueness of each young person needs to be understood and respected. Young people bravely face social challenges and pursue their own happiness and happiness also need support, encouragement and blessing.

　　"Letter from Youth" E-mail: qnsxyjb@163.com, welcome to write.

I. Basic knowledge

1.What is geological disaster?

Geological disasters usually refer to disasters that cause people’s lives or property losses due to geological processes; Natural geological disasters are induced by rainfall, snow melting, earthquakes and other factors; Man-made geological disasters are caused by engineering excavation, stacking, blasting and soil abandonment. Common geological disasters mainly refer to six kinds of disasters related to geological action, such as mountain collapse, landslide, debris flow and ground collapse, ground fissure and ground subsidence, which endanger people’s lives and property safety.

There are four main geological disasters in Guangxi: collapse (including dangerous rocks), landslide, debris flow and ground collapse. This knowledge reader mainly introduces these four kinds of geological disasters.

2.What is the hidden danger point of geological disasters?

Hidden dangers of geological disasters include unstable slopes, potential landslides, potential collapses, potential mudslides and potential ground collapses that may endanger people’s lives and property, as well as landslides, collapses, mudslides and ground collapses that have occurred but are still unstable.

3.What is the hidden danger area of geological disasters?

The hidden danger area of geological disasters refers to the area or section where geological disasters are likely to occur and may cause casualties or property losses under the action of heavy rainfall and human engineering activities.

Second, collapse

1.What is collapse?

Collapse refers to the geological phenomenon that the rock mass or soil mass on the steep slope suddenly breaks away from the mountain under the action of gravity and collapses, rolls and accumulates at the foot of the slope or in the valley. Collapse is also called caving, collapse or collapse.

Collapse can occur in loose soil, bedrock, and where the two kinds of rocks develop together. What happens in the soil is called landslide; What happens in rock mass is called rock collapse.

When the collapse occurs in the mountain and the scale is huge, it is also called landslide; When collapse occurs on rivers, lakes or coasts, it is called bank collapse.

2.What is a dangerous rock mass?

Dangerous rock mass refers to the block stone located on the steep hillside and separated by cracks. Some of these stones are very large, and some are just a boulder on a steep slope. Dangerous rock mass may fall from steep hillside due to vibration or rainstorm; Sometimes strong winds may blow unstable boulders down. The situation of dangerous rock mass is common in limestone mountain areas of Guangxi.

3.The harm of collapse to human beings

Collapse often destroys and buries houses and engineering facilities in places where human activities take place, endangering human life and causing property losses.

4.When is it easy to collapse?
(1) In the process of rainfall or slightly delayed. This is the time when the most collapses occur;

(2) During a strong earthquake or aftershock;

(3) In the process of excavating the toe of the slope or lagging behind for a period of time;

(4) The initial stage of reservoir impoundment and the peak period of rivers;

(5) After strong mechanical vibration and big blasting.

5.Which places are prone to collapse?

Generally, the slope that may collapse has the following macroscopic characteristics:

(1) The slope is more than 45 degrees and the height difference is large, or the slope is an isolated mountain mouth or a concave steep slope.

(2) The internal cracks of the slope are developed, and the tensile cracks have developed in the upper part of the slope, and the cracks and cracks cutting the slope are about to penetrate, which makes it separate from the parent body (mountain).

(3) There is an empty space in front of the slope, or there are collapses, which indicates that there have been collapses and they may happen again in the future.

The slope with the above characteristics is the possible collapse, especially when the upper tension cracks continue to expand and widen, the speed increases suddenly, and small falls continue to occur, which indicates that the collapse will happen soon and is in a state of explosive.

The following signs may appear before the collapse:

(1) The cracks in the collapse gradually expand, and the front edge of the dangerous rock mass has the phenomenon of falling and falling, and small collapses and small collapses occur continuously;

(2) New cracks appear on the top of the slope, and an abnormal smell is smelled;

(3) I occasionally hear the sound of tearing and rubbing of rocks;

(4) Abnormal heat, radon, underground water quality, water quantity, etc.

Precursor formula of collapse

The cliff is steep and fractured, and the rockbare/show (one’s teeth)Mouth-shaped;

Small collapses often occur, and the stones with abnormal smells rattle.

When the collapse occurs, if you are outside the scope of the collapse, you must bypass it; If you are under the collapsed body, quickly escape to both sides, the sooner the better; If you feel the ground shaking, you should also immediately flee to the stable areas on both sides.

8.How to prevent collapse

Prevention of collapse:

(1) Don’t build houses, build roads and shelter from the rain under the dangerous rocks on the steep slopes that have not been treated, and don’t climb the dangerous rocks when it rains.

(2) Excavation of pillars in old mines (old kilns) is likely to cause roof collapse disaster, and the mined goaf should be backfilled and the empty mine holes should be buried.

Third, landslides

Landslide refers to the geological phenomenon that the soil or rock mass on the slope slides down the slope as a whole or dispersedly under the action of gravity under the influence of rainfall and rainwater infiltration, river erosion, groundwater activity, earthquake and artificial slope cutting, commonly known as "ground slip", "mountain walk", "mountain collapse", "mountain peeling" and "soil slip".

Landslide is one of the main natural disasters in mountainous areas, which often causes huge losses and even devastating disasters to industrial and agricultural production and people’s lives and property.

The main hazards of landslides in rural areas are destroying farmland and houses, hurting people and animals, destroying forests, roads, agricultural machinery facilities and water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and sometimes even causing devastating disasters to rural areas. Landslides located near towns often bury houses, injure people and animals, destroy fields, and destroy various facilities, resulting in power outages, water cuts, work stoppages, and sometimes even the entire town. Landslides in industrial and mining areas can destroy mine facilities, hurt workers, destroy factories, make mines stop production and often cause heavy losses.

Landslides often cause great harm in water conservancy and hydropower projects, highways, railways, river transportation and marine engineering, and often produce some secondary disasters, which indirectly harm human beings, such as blocking rivers, overflowing upstream rivers or bursting after blocking rivers into lakes, and causing floods; Sometimes, the debris flow is induced by the superposition of rainstorm or flood, which causes more serious damage.

Landslides generally go through four stages from gestation to formation: cracking, creep, sliding and stability.

The time of landslide occurrence is mainly related to various external factors that induce landslide. There are roughly the following rules:

(1) simultaneity. Some landslides move immediately after being affected by inducing factors. Landslides will occur when heavy rains and earthquakes occur and unreasonable human activities, such as excavation and blasting, etc.

(2) Hysteresis. Some landslides occur later than the inducing factors, such as rainfall, snowmelt and human activities. This hysteresis law is most obvious in rainfall-induced landslides. Generally speaking, the looser the landslide, the more developed the cracks and the greater the rainfall, the shorter the lag time. The greater the intensity of human activities and the lower the stability of landslide, the shorter the lag time.

Landslides generally occur in areas with bedding slopes, relatively broken inclined rock masses, large ups and downs of mountains and poor vegetation coverage. The mountainous and hilly areas with frequent engineering construction and rural slope cutting areas are also landslide-prone areas; Earthquakes lead to loose mountains and broken rocks in disaster areas, and landslides are also prone to occur under the action of aftershocks or heavy rains.

6.Precursor of landslide

The precursor characteristics of landslide are obvious, and there are cracks on the hillside;

The foot of the slope is loose or swollen, and there is subsidence in the middle and upper slopes;

Slope buildings are deformed, and trees are as drunk as machete forests;

Water suddenly appears in dry places, and the well water drops and rises from time to time;

There was an abnormal noise in the ground, and the livestock panicked and reacted differently.

When a landslide occurs, you should evacuate from both sides of the landslide boundary and never escape along the sliding direction. If the landslide slides fast, it’s best to hold a big tree still and not let go.

After the landslide happened, it did not stabilize immediately, and it will even continue to happen. Therefore, do not immediately enter the disaster area to search for property.

(1) Do not build roads or houses in landslide areas or areas with landslide risks. The newly selected building site should avoid rivers, lakes (reservoirs) and gullies to cut steep slopes as much as possible;

(2) Excavating soil at the foot of steep slope is easy to induce collapse and landslide;

(3) The retaining wall behind the house must leave drainage holes;

(4) The building should be built at a certain distance by cutting the slope, and the bed should not be placed on the side near the hillside. When it rains heavily at night, attention should be paid to inspecting whether the slope is abnormal, etc.

(5) Building houses on slopes are most likely to cause landslides, so geological personnel should be invited for exploration before excavation;

(6) Houses should be selected as far as possible on or under the slope of the reverse slope (reverse slope means that the slope inclination is opposite to the rock stratum inclination).

IV. Debris flow

Stimulated by water sources such as rainstorm, melting ice and snow, or dam break in reservoirs and ponds, the solid deposits in hillsides or valleys are mixed in the water, flow rapidly downstream along the hillsides or valleys, and accumulate at the foot of hillsides or at the place where they leave the mountain pass, thus forming a debris flow.

Debris flow often erupts suddenly and violently, rushing down the steep ravine. The valley is like thunder, which can carry huge stones and wash a lot of sediment stones out of the ravine in a short time, which is extremely destructive and often does great harm to human life and property.

According to the valley landform, it can be divided into valley debris flow and slope debris flow.

Gully type: it is formed along the valley, and the basin is long and narrow with large scale.

Slope type: Slope terrain, short ditch and steep slope, small scale.

Debris flow is a special torrent with sudden outbreak and short duration in mountainous areas, which contains a lot of solid substances such as sediment and stones and has strong destructive power. The total volume of solid substances generally exceeds 15%, and the highest can reach 80%. The vanguard is a thick and turbid torrent, which forms a "faucet" with a height of several meters to more than ten meters. It has a very strong scouring and carrying capacity and is extremely fast. It can discharge hundreds of thousands or even millions of cubic meters of solid substances in a very short time, and can carry hundreds of thousands of tons of boulders, with amazing destructive power. Debris flows frequently occur in many mountainous areas of China, especially in the western areas of Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, where heavy rains are bound to occur. On August 8, 2010, the catastrophic mudslide in Zhouqu, Gansu Province instantly destroyed the whole county, killing more than 1,000 people and making more people homeless.

Gully with the following three conditions is the most prone to debris flow:

(1) The mountain in the upper valley is broken, and the thickness of loose earth and stone on the hillside is large;

(2) The slopes on both sides of the gully are steep, and the height difference between the gully head and the gully mouth is large;

(3) Gullies with much rain and frequent floods in summer flood season.

The time of debris flow occurrence has the following three laws:

(1) Seasonal: The outbreak of debris flow is mainly stimulated by continuous rainfall, heavy rain, especially heavy rain and other concentrated rainfall. Therefore, the time law of debris flow is consistent with the time law of concentrated rainfall, which has obvious seasonality. Generally occurs in rainy summer and autumn.

(2) Periodicity: Debris flow is influenced by rain, flood and earthquake, but rain, flood and earthquake always appear periodically. Therefore, the occurrence and development of debris flow also has a certain periodicity, and its activity cycle is roughly consistent with that of rain, flood and earthquake.

(3) Debris flow usually occurs at the peak of a rainfall or after continuous rainfall.

(1) The normal running water in the river (ditch) bed suddenly stops flowing or the flood suddenly increases (with more firewood and trees).

(2) An abnormal roar suddenly came from the upper reaches of the river (ditch) valley. The sound is obviously different from that of locomotives, wind and rain, thunder and lightning, blasting, etc., which may be caused by the impact of boulders carried by mudslides.

(3) Have a slight sense of vibration.

Choose the shortest and safest path to run to the hillside or highland on both sides of the valley, and avoid running along the direction of debris flow; Don’t stay in the hollow with large slope and thick soil layer; Don’t climb trees to avoid, because debris flow can sweep away all obstacles along the way; Avoid concave banks with curved channels or convex banks with narrow places and low heights; Don’t hide under the steep mountain; You can’t return to the danger zone immediately after a long period of rain or heavy rain, or after the rain has just stopped; After more rain during the day, pay close attention to the rain at night, and it is best to leave early.

Prevention of debris flow:

(1) Do not build roads or houses in areas where mudslides or debris flows are dangerous. Villages and houses should be built at a safe height on both sides of the creek, not in depressions and gullies.

(2) Don’t pile a lot of soil in the ditch to prevent debris flow.

(3) Heavy rain, melting glaciers and melting snow-capped mountains are easy to cause mudslides, so preventive measures should be taken before.

(4) After the rainstorm, the debris flow will still occur, so we should wait for some time after the rain before going back.

V. Ground collapse

Ground collapse is a dynamic geological action or phenomenon that under certain conditions, the shallow rock and soil mass on the surface collapses downward and forms a pit on the ground. The ground collapse in Guangxi mainly includes karst ground collapse and goaf collapse.

The main hazards of collapse are the destruction of houses, railways, highways, mines, reservoirs, dams and other engineering facilities, resulting in house collapse, road interruption, reservoir leakage, dam and dike collapse and cracking. In addition, it also destroyed land resources, destroyed a large number of farmland, and deteriorated the environment in some cities and mining areas.

The main dynamic factors causing ground collapse are earthquake, rainfall, underground excavation, massive pumping and drainage, etc.

(1) The sudden rise and fall of the water level in Jing Quan, the sudden turbidity of water color or sand turning and steaming.

(2) Annular cracks appear on the ground and expand continuously, resulting in local ground heave or subsidence.

(1) After the collapse, the collapse pit of the adjacent building should be filled in time to avoid affecting the stability of the building.

(2) The ground cracks near the building should be filled in time, and the surface water should be intercepted in the subsidence pit of the ground to prevent it from injecting people.

(3) The severely cracked buildings should be temporarily closed, and the measures to be taken should be determined only after the dangerous houses are identified.

(4) Residents living in mined-out areas formed by mining hollowing out should pay attention to whether there are obvious signs such as deformation and cracks on the ground in front of and behind the house during flood season, and whether surface water seeps into the ground in large quantities and quickly during heavy rain. If any abnormality is found, you should immediately evacuate and notify the relevant departments. Don’t risk staying in the same place or in the living room to avoid possible collapse and casualties.

(1) Mines and karst areas are prone to collapse, so special attention should be paid to prevention when living or moving in these areas.

(2) Strong pumping in the hidden karst area is easy to cause ground collapse.

(3) In case of ground collapse cracks, it should be filled with sand and gravel in time and plastered with clay.

Sixth, the essentials of hedging and self-help

The flood season, especially the period of heavy rainfall, is a period of high incidence of geological disasters, so we should pay attention to listening to the weather forecast and improve the awareness of disaster prevention.

Report the precursors of geological disasters to the local government or relevant departments immediately.

In order to avoid danger urgently, under the guidance of professional and technical personnel and with the cooperation of relevant departments of counties, townships and villages, one or several safety sites are selected in advance as temporary places to avoid disasters. These disaster shelters are relatively safe places. When a local disaster comes, you should try your best to go to the disaster shelter on the premise of ensuring personal safety.

4.Evacuate according to the evacuation route

As far as possible, the route to leave the danger zone should avoid the slip direction of landslide, the collapse direction of collapse or the route where debris flow may pass, and cross the danger zone as little as possible. The road spread along the ridge is safer than the road spread along the valley.

5.Remember the warning signs.

Evacuation signals (such as broadcasting, beating gongs, drums, etc.) are agreed in advance, unique, and can’t be used indiscriminately, so you must remember to evacuate quickly when you hear the signal, and you can’t hesitate.

6.To publicize the knowledge of disaster prevention and control to family members and the masses.

7.Three-character scripture for avoiding danger of collapse and landslide

Before the disaster, there were anomalies; Water mutation, animal shock;

The forest is drunk and the foot of the slope is convex; Cracks appear, cracks expand;

Rock crack, rock collapse; The mountain is steep and easy to collapse;

In case of emergency, flee on both sides; Stop on a gentle slope and get away from it.

8.Three-character scripture of debris flow avoidance

Debris flow, which is harmful, not only hurts people, but also destroys homes;

Not mysterious, regular, formed in the gully;

On rainy days, listen to the forecast, observe carefully, and be on guard;

The water becomes muddy, the rocks are sandwiched, the valley is faint, and there is a slight earthquake;

Urgent report, no procrastination, timely withdrawal, listen to the arrangement;

Life first, wealth second, abandon the burden and protect life;

Stride, don’t look back, go high, stay away from the concave;

It clears up, the mud stops flowing, don’t worry, go home slowly.

9.Three-character meridian for avoiding danger from ground collapse

Seisensui, sudden rise and fall, turbid water, or turning sand;

Ground fissures, growing, locally bulging, or sinking;

Rich in mineral deposits, easy to be mined out, large collapse, and frequent this;

In karst area, there are many soil holes, so pumping is less to prevent collapse.

10.Hedging formula for building houses in mountainous areas

Pay attention to the location of building, think more about the slope ditch,

Ask an expert if the situation is unknown, and don’t make your own opinions.

Don’t choose the site for the steep slope of the concave land, and don’t build houses under the side wall of the cliff.

Don’t believe in geomantic superstition, but advocate scientific thought.

Don’t dig at the foot of the slope, cut the slope and grade it and add support.

Ponds should not be built on slopes, and muck should not be piled at gullies.

Rivers and ditches should not be changed easily, and drainage should be proper.

Infrastructure should be valued, and geological safety should not be forgotten.

Seven, how to prevent geological disasters when building houses by cutting slopes.

Guangxi is a mountainous province. For a long time, in order to protect the limited arable land, many people in mountainous areas can only build houses by cutting slopes. According to the data from Guangxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station, from 2006 to 2017, there were 215 geological disasters such as collapses and landslides caused by cutting slopes to build roads and houses in Guangxi, with 239 deaths and 176 injuries. This shows that the harm of building houses by cutting slopes is great. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of prevention scientifically and effectively avoid disasters.

In building houses in rural areas, we should earnestly take preventive measures against geological disasters. In accordance with the unified arrangement of the new rural construction plan, large-scale construction such as villages and towns must carry out geological disaster risk assessment. Even if farmers build houses individually, they should consult people with professional knowledge of geological disasters if possible to take precautions. Only in this way can we ensure the safety and reliability of our housing.

First of all, there should be a protective distance if there is space. How to calculate this safe protective distance? For example, if the slope is 10 meters high, then our safety protection distance will be greater than 10 meters, so the house built in this way will be relatively safe. But it may be difficult to do this in the vast mountainous rural areas. If it can’t be done, what should we do? Then we must take preventive measures. First, we should do a good job in retaining wall support and slope protection. The second thing is to cut the slope. The whole slope is cut below the safe slope, which is about 40 degrees, and the slope should be cut below 40 degrees. Third, we should do a good job in intercepting and draining the slope. It is necessary to do a good job of intercepting the drainage ditch with three lights, and intercept all the water flow on the hillside to the foot of the slope. Tall trees and dense bamboo forests cannot be planted on the hillside.

On June 12, 2008, Li, who lives in Liuwang Village, Licun Town, Rong County, Guangxi, would never have thought that a small collapse in the back hill would have ruined a family of five. Li once opened a motorcycle repair shop in Rongxian County. Because it rained for many days, Li never went home. After the rain cleared up, on June 11th, Li rushed home with his motorcycle to reunite with his family. Never imagined that at one o’clock in the morning on the 12th, affected by the rain a few days ago, the hillside behind the rain-filled house suddenly collapsed, causing a family of five to be buried in the mud while sleeping. After investigation by experts, it was found that the side of the house of the victim was next to a steep slope that was not too high, and the earth collapsed at the scene was not large, only less than 100 cubic meters. Why did this seemingly insignificant little collapse cause the disaster of a family of five? In fact, this accident can be completely avoided. At that time, five people slept in a bed, and when they collapsed, they just buried the bed on the side of the mountain, causing death. If you had a little awareness of geological disaster prevention at that time, you could have avoided the accident by putting the bed on the other side of the house.

When encountering cracks, falling blocks and water leakage around the house, which may lead to geological disasters, you must obey the instructions of the township government, the staff of the land department or the monitor, evacuate and avoid in time, and pay attention to check whether there are hidden dangers on the slope of the house when you return. You can’t return to the house until the hidden dangers are eliminated and the experts agree.

For example, on September 6, 2013, affected by the previous typhoons "Yute" and "Tanmei", heavy rain fell in Guiping City, Guangxi, causing geological disasters such as collapses and landslides in many places. In view of the possible danger, at 8: 30 in the morning, when the director of the National Land Institute of Mugui Town in Guiping City and the staff of the town government inspected Team 9 of Guotuntun in Pinghe Village, they found that a villager’s house was in danger due to slope cutting, and the staff immediately asked them to evacuate temporarily. However, at noon, the owner of the house returned to the house with luck when he saw nothing. As a result, it collapsed in the afternoon and the two were buried in the mud instantly.

5.Building site selection four "don’t"

Don’t build houses on landslides,

Don’t build a house in the valley,

Don’t build houses under steep slopes.

Don’t cut slopes to build houses at will.

6.Establish a joint insurance system to prevent geological disasters of building houses by cutting slopes.

All localities should investigate the situation of building houses on cut slopes or on slopes within their jurisdiction, register and establish address books for households with risks, and conduct joint defense grouping for households with hidden dangers on cut slopes or on slopes under the jurisdiction of village (neighborhood) people’s groups, designate team leaders, implement man-to-man and household-to-household marking, and similar households assume the responsibility of reminding each other and protecting each other. Once early warning notices and information such as flash floods and heavy rainfall geological disasters are received, households should notify each other and do emergency evacuation and prevention work.

The establishment of the township (town) people’s government overall responsibility, to the village (neighborhood) people’s group as a unit, the masses as the main body of geological disaster prevention joint insurance system. All tenants who have hidden dangers of geological disasters when building houses on slopes or near slopes should implement the joint guarantee system. For people who have no communication tools, widowed elderly people, left-behind children, five-guarantee households, etc., the local government should designate special personnel to provide joint insurance with them, take charge of their safety, ensure that they can get early warning notices in time, and make timely preparations for disaster prevention.

Eight, how to prevent geological disasters in flood season

Guangxi is a province (region) with frequent geological disasters, especially in the flood season, the possibility of various geological disasters is greatly enhanced. Geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide and debris flow, often wreak havoc in the flood season. Their occurrence is like a big mouth that may devour people’s precious lives and property at any time.

Therefore, when the flood season comes, we should firmly establish a high sense of responsibility, strengthen the awareness of "walking on thin ice", take the prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season as a "life project", fight the tough battle of prevention and control of geological disasters in flood season in 2020, and hand in satisfactory answers to more than 50 million villagers in Guangxi.

Strengthen the investigation and inspection of hidden dangers of geological disasters. The people’s governments of cities and counties should organize forces to carry out geological disaster inspection and investigation, and do a good job in "pre-flood inspection, mid-flood inspection and post-flood review", especially in areas prone to geological disasters such as complex geological conditions, high slope areas, mined-out areas, tailings ponds, construction sites and hillsides near villages, without leaving any dead ends.

Strengthen the revision and exercise of geological disaster emergency plan. According to the actual situation, all localities should revise the emergency plan for sudden geological disasters in a timely manner, enhance the pertinence, effectiveness and operability of the plan, and ensure that the emergency response work is carried out quickly, orderly and efficiently when disasters occur. The main hidden danger points of geological disasters should be "one point one case". Local people’s governments in areas prone to geological disasters should organize pre-plan drills, find weak links, and improve and optimize pre-plans.

Strengthen the early warning and forecasting of geological disasters. Meteorological, water conservancy and natural resources departments at all levels should strengthen coordination and cooperation, make full use of their respective monitoring networks, closely monitor the development trend of meteorological, hydrological and geological disasters, establish information sharing and consultation mechanisms, make scientific and accurate analysis and judgment in time, and release geological disaster early warning and forecasting information through radio, television, newspapers, internet, telephone, mobile phone short messages and other channels.

Further improve the system of group monitoring and prevention of geological disasters. All localities should conscientiously implement the system of danger inspection, disaster quick report and duty in flood season, and comprehensively decompose the tasks of disaster prevention and avoidance, monitoring and early warning to towns, villages, schools, hospitals, enterprises and other units and relevant responsible personnel.

Strengthen duty and information reporting. City, county (city) people’s governments and competent departments should strengthen emergency duty, geological disaster emergency response agencies should implement a 24-hour duty and leadership shift system in accordance with the relevant provisions, and implement a main and deputy shift system for important positions. The person in charge of disaster prevention and emergency response personnel must keep their mobile phones on for 24 hours. Municipal geological disaster emergency teams should maintain a high degree of readiness and stand by at any time. It is necessary to make arrangements for the rotation of emergency personnel, ensure necessary transportation, emergency tools and emergency personnel, and ensure sufficient emergency forces to deal with sudden geological disasters at any time.

Strengthen the propaganda of geological disaster prevention knowledge. All localities should carry out targeted publicity in combination with local actual conditions and examples of ground disasters, especially to strengthen publicity for urban residents in mines and mountainous areas, cadres and masses in rural areas and primary and secondary school students, so that they can master the basic knowledge of preventing ground disasters.

Fully implement the responsibility for prevention and control of geological disasters. All localities and departments should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters, and the natural resources departments should organize the implementation of various measures for the prevention and control of geological disasters, coordinate, guide and supervise all relevant responsible entities to do a good job in the prevention and control of geological disasters, and relevant departments such as construction, transportation, railway, water conservancy, meteorology, tourism and education should perform their respective duties according to law. All construction units shall design, construct and accept the ground disaster control project at the same time as the design and construction of the main project according to law, and take relevant measures in the construction process to avoid ground disasters.