Green to new, new energy system to speed up the construction.
Energy, industrial grain, the lifeblood of the national economy, is the main battlefield to promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system is the main direction of China’s energy revolution."
Since the founding of New China 75 years ago, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s energy supply capacity has been continuously improved, forming a multi-wheel-driven supply system of coal, oil, gas, nuclear, new energy and renewable energy, becoming the largest energy producer in the world. At the same time, the energy structure has been continuously optimized and improved, and the construction of a new energy system has been accelerated, providing dynamic support for economic and social development.
"One drop and one increase" confirms the change: the proportion of raw coal in the total primary energy production has decreased from 96.3% in the early days of the founding of New China to 66.6% in 2023; The power generation of clean energy has increased from 44.6 billion kWh in 1978 to 3.2 trillion kWh in 2023. For every 3 kWh of electricity consumed by the whole society, 1 kWh is green electricity.
A piece of coal covered with treasures — —
Clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the development of coal industry should be transformed and upgraded, taking the road of green and low-carbon development" and "promoting the high-end, diversified and low-carbon development of coal chemical industry".
Entering Yulin Chemical Co., Ltd., the national energy group, there are many towers and tanks, and the pipelines are vertical and horizontal. After processing, pieces of coal are turned into polyglycolic acid degradable materials, which can not only be made into disposable knives and forks, plastic bags and other daily necessities, but also be used in high-end fields such as medical surgical sutures and bone scaffold materials.
"polyglycolic acid is made into a bone nail and implanted into the human body, which can gradually degrade, solving the problem that traditional materials need to be taken out by secondary surgery." Yang Xuechao, a scientific research and management engineer of Yulin Chemical Industry, said that compared with the production of traditional polyolefin plastics, the coal consumption of coal-based polyglycolic acid tons can be reduced by about 50%, the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced by about 65%, and the industrial added value can be increased by 2 to 3 times, but the production cost is close, which has both market competitiveness and environmental protection benefits.
The "Wujin" butterfly change was also staged in the rural greenhouse. "In the past, water was stored in an open steel box. After a long time, moss grew, and the water was easy to deteriorate. The newly replaced black water storage tank was very easy to use." Ma Bao, a greenhouse grower in Kangping Village, Weiyuan Town, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, said. Chen Xuelian, general manager of Kehuan Guoneng New Materials Co., Ltd. introduced that the water storage tank made of coal-based crosslinked polyethylene has the advantages of easy handling, high temperature and corrosion resistance, and inhibition of moss growth.
Comfortable spandex fabric, non-toxic and tasteless new kitchen fuel with high flash point, and "extremely cold diesel" & HELIP that can still be used normally at MINUS 20 degrees Celsius; … Jump out of "coal mining — In the traditional way of "selling coal", the National Energy Group introduced more high value-added and differentiated products, which enabled coal to achieve "seventy-two changes".
Anchoring the direction of green and low carbon, the high-quality development of coal industry has taken a new step.
Mining is greener. Green mining technologies, such as water conservation mining, filling mining and recovery while mining, have been continuously expanded. In the past 10 years, the washing rate of raw coal, the comprehensive utilization rate of mine water and the land reclamation rate have all increased by more than 10 percentage points.
Use more efficiently. In the past 10 years, more than 95% of coal-fired power units have achieved ultra-low emissions, and the pollutant emissions in the power industry have decreased by over 90%. In some coal-fired power plants, the captured carbon dioxide can also be used for welding processing and food preservation.
Not just coal. There are still many explorations for clean and efficient use of energy: the waste cooking oil left over from hot pot and fried chicken becomes aviation fuel for domestic large aircraft; Sludge collected from sewers and sewage treatment plants is dried and blended with coal to generate electricity & HELIP; … Relying on technological innovation, waste is recycled and energy supply is more diversified and clean.
A power station for sand control and greening — —
The substitution of renewable energy has been steadily advanced.
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Energy construction cannot rely solely on traditional industries. We should vigorously develop new energy and clean energy, strive to achieve carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions and build a green China."
On the edge of Ulan Buh desert, more than 700,000 photovoltaic panels are arranged in an orderly manner in a photovoltaic power station covering an area of 8,000 mu. Power is generated on the board, and sand prevention plants such as alfalfa and Artemisia are planted between the boards.
"Photovoltaic panels can reduce wind speed and reduce water evaporation, which is suitable for plant growth. We planted sand-control plants and a 100-meter-wide shelter forest, and the vegetation coverage rate in the site increased from 7% to about 80%. " Andy Sen, deputy stationmaster of Dengkou Photovoltaic Power Station of Beijing State Power Investment Corporation, said that while sand control and greening, the dust on photovoltaic panels is reduced, which can improve power generation efficiency.
Since 2020, more than 10 photovoltaic enterprises have been introduced in Dengkou County, Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia. After all photovoltaic installations are completed, 350,000 mu of ecological management can be completed, with an average annual increase of more than 23 billion kWh.
China is rich in wind energy and solar energy resources. From the sea to the land, from the plain to the plateau, from the roof of the building to the field, the new "photovoltaic+"modes such as windward rotation of the fan, shining photovoltaic panels, complementary agriculture and light, complementary fishing and complementary animal husbandry continue to be promoted: the first offshore wind farm with super single capacity in the southeast coast — — The Three Gorges Zhangpu Phase II offshore wind farm is connected to the grid for power generation. For the first time, six 16 MW wind turbines are applied in batches, which can reduce the sea area by about 30% compared with 8 MW wind turbines. On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the second phase of Huadian Tibet Caipeng optical storage power station started construction, with an altitude of more than 5,220 meters, setting a new height record for the global optical storage power station … …
By the end of 2023, the installed scale of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in China has increased by 10 times compared with 10 years ago, and the newly added clean energy power generation accounts for more than half of the increase in electricity consumption in the whole society. In 2024, the installed capacity of new energy power generation surpassed that of coal-fired power generation for the first time, achieving a historic leap.
The installed capacity continues to grow, the market competitiveness of new energy products is also greatly improved, and the R&D, design and integrated manufacturing systems are more complete.
Things are more beautiful. The conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells such as high-efficiency crystalline silicon and perovskite has set a new world record for many times, and technologies such as long blades and high towers of wind power are at the international leading level.
"The price is better". According to the report of the International Renewable Energy Agency, in the past 10 years, the average cost per kilowatt-hour of global wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects has decreased by more than 60% and 80% respectively, which is largely attributed to the contribution of China.
"Relying on continuous technological innovation, complete industrial chain supply chain system, full market competition and super-large-scale market, China has achieved rapid development of new energy industry, which has also promoted a sharp drop in global wind power and photovoltaic power generation costs." The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said.
A heavy truck using hydrogen energy — —
Technological innovation promotes energy transformation
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "promoting a major breakthrough in green and low-carbon technologies" and "developing efficient and safe energy storage and carbon capture technologies, and promoting the development and large-scale application of hydrogen energy technologies".
"It can travel about 600 kilometers when filled with hydrogen, and its battery life is far longer than that of electric heavy trucks. It is suitable for running long distances, and the driving experience is relatively stable and the noise is small." In China Petrochemical Beijing Angu Hydrogenation Station, the driver Shang Shifu filled the heavy truck with 49 tons of hydrogen in just over ten minutes. In April this year, China’s longest high-speed hydrogen energy — — The Beijing-Shanghai Hydrogen Energy Corridor completed the trans-regional transportation test for the first time.
Hydrogen fuel cell system is a key link in the application of hydrogen energy heavy truck. With the breakthrough of key core technologies, the cost of hydrogen fuel cell system will be reduced from about 15,000 yuan per kilowatt before 2020 to 2,000 yuan per kilowatt, which will help popularize the application of hydrogen energy vehicles.
While the development of hydrogen energy technology is accelerating, the large-scale application of advanced energy storage technology continues to advance, helping to balance the supply and demand of power grid.
Entering Zhejiang Zhefeng New Materials Co., Ltd., the energy storage battery cabinets are arranged neatly. This single-user-side lead-carbon energy storage power station is equivalent to a "charging treasure", which can be charged in low-valley time and discharged in peak time. By using the peak-valley price difference, it can help enterprises save about 60 million yuan in electricity bills every year. "Lead-carbon energy storage has the advantages of large specific heat capacity and rapid cooling, which can control the battery temperature more effectively and has high safety." Hua Xiao, deputy director of the Science and Technology Digitization Department of State Grid Quzhou Power Supply Company, introduced.
In Foshan, Guangdong Province, in the independent battery energy storage station at Baotang power grid side of China Southern Power Grid, focusing on three major areas, such as thermal management, structural connection and battery performance, a number of energy storage technology routes "gallants" competed to select the best scheme for the large-scale development of new energy storage. In 2023, the newly installed capacity of new energy storage in China is about 22.6 million kilowatts/48.7 million kWh, which is nearly 10 times the installed capacity at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan.
Make great efforts to innovate and seize the opportunity. Fully master the third-generation nuclear power technology of large-scale PWR and the fourth-generation nuclear power technology of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, such as Hualong No.1 and Guohe No.1. The demonstration project of Linglong No.1 small-scale PWR started construction, and the technical level of smart grid is in the forefront of the world … … In the new era, China will accelerate the self-reliance of high-level science and technology in the energy field, and energy technology and its related industries will become new economic growth points.
Energy transformation is a broad and profound systematic economic and social change and a long-term strategic task. "The energy system will continue to lay a solid foundation for safe carbon reduction, increase the supply of non-fossil energy, promote energy conservation and carbon reduction on the consumer side, strengthen green and low-carbon technological innovation and international cooperation, and promote low-carbon energy transformation and high-quality development." The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said.