上海后花园龙凤

　　　　HiFi has always been a hot topic, and many mobile phones released recently are also focusing on HiFi sound quality: those using ES9318 DAC+ two-in-one audio chip, those using AKM HiFi chip and equipped with HUAWEI histen sound effects, and those supporting Bluetooth aptX & aptX HD HD music transmission, etc., all prove that mobile phone audio has always existed in an important position in the industry. So what is HiFi? What are the technical indicators of HiFi? What are the types of common mobile phone HiFi chips and what are their performances? You will know after reading this article.

Mobile phone HiFi, hi, no, hi. After reading these, you can be considered into the pit.

　　　　The full name of HiFi is High Fidelity, which literally translates as "high fidelity". To put it bluntly, it is a playback sound that is highly similar to the original sound. Spreading digital music on the network often needs to be suppressed, and there will be lossy and lossless compression. What we often see is that MP3 is a kind of lossy compression, which will affect the sound quality. Playing music is to convert digital signals into analog signals, and then amplify the analog signals and transmit them to headphones or speakers. HiFi is to make the final music close to the sound that the producer wants you to hear after production, that is, the sound quality is good.

　　　　Of course, sound quality and sense of hearing are not the same concept. The reason why audio is a metaphysics is that the sense of hearing varies from person to person, so there are "golden ears" and "fungus", and headphones or stereos of audio terminals will have different output performances because of various differences. At the same time, things like dolby pro logic and SRS sound effects all create distortion to improve the sense of hearing. The mobile phone HiFi we are talking about here is more about what kind of audio output the mobile phone as the output front end can have.

What are the common technical indicators of HiFi?

　　　　For audio veterans, mobile phones as the front end are often dismissive, because there is an irreparable hardware gap between mobile phone HiFi and professional audio, which the author will mention later. But for ordinary consumers, a carefully designed mobile phone with audio system is enough as a toy for getting started with audio.

　　　　I believe that there are not a few users who listen to songs on their mobile phones, but not many people know about HiFi. Moreover, when they go to see professional audio evaluation, there are many technical indicators that they can’t understand, but those who know audio are unwilling to explain more. The common technical indicators of sound system are: frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, distortion, transient, stereo separation, stereo balance, audio sampling and so on. Here the author explains it separately.

　　　　frequency response: The frequency range of audio equipment during playback and the relationship between signal amplitude and frequency (amplitude-frequency characteristics). The unit of amplitude is dB, and the unit of frequency is Hz. The frequency response of the sound system should reach at least 32-18000Hz, and the signal amplitude change should be less than 2dB within this frequency range.

　　　　SNR: Logarithm of the ratio of useful signal to noise at the same reference point. At the input point of the speaker, the signal-to-noise ratio is 70dB, and the noise of one meter away from the speaker is almost inaudible, and the HiFi system generally reaches above 110dB.

　　　　dynamic range: Logarithm of the ratio of the maximum undistorted output power of audio equipment to the static system noise output power. HiFi system generally reaches more than 100dB.

　　　　degree of distortion: The degree of distortion of sound source signal when audio equipment plays back. The distortion of audio power amplifier can be divided into two categories: electrical distortion and acoustic distortion. The electrical distortion is caused by the circuit, and the acoustic distortion is caused by the speaker of the sound reproduction device. The types of electrical distortion are harmonic distortion, intermodulation distortion and transient distortion. Acoustic distortion is mainly AC interface distortion. The harmonic distortion of HiFi system is generally less than 1%.

　　　　stereo isolation: the separation degree of the left and right channels. Reflect the crosstalk degree of the left and right channels.

　　　　Stereo balance: The difference between the signal gains of the left and right channels.

　　　　transient stateRefers to those short and explosive sounds in music (especially percussion), which are usually difficult to reproduce accurately. Represents a physical quantity or phenomenon that changes between two adjacent stable States, and its change time is less than the time scale of concern.

　　　　Audio samplingDigital audio system reproduces the original sound by converting the sound wave into a series of binary data. The equipment used to realize this step is analog/digital (A/D), which samples the sound wave at the rate of tens of thousands of times per second, and each sampling records the state of the original analog sound wave at a certain moment, which is called a sample. A string of samples can be connected to describe a sound wave, and the number of samples per second is called sampling frequency or yield, and the unit is HZ (hertz). The higher the sampling frequency, the higher the acoustic frequency can be described.

Some audio chip parameters (picture quoted from love machine)

　　　　Signal-to-noise ratio, stereo separation and stereo balance can be distinguished by human ears, and other indicators need to be compared by multi-system comparison. Knowing this, it is not so difficult to understand when we look at the technical parameters of those mobile phone audio chips.

What are the common evaluation elements of HiFi we are talking about?

　　　　When watching audio evaluation, it is often confusing for beginners, because they don’t know what those evaluation elements mean. Although it is only a piece of music, there are many doorways. So here, the author selects three common evaluation factors to explain: sound resolution, frequency band and sound stage.

Sound resolving power

　　　　Analytic power intuitively means the clarity of sound and the expressive ability of detailed information. For example, this is like the resolution of a display screen. The higher the resolution, the clearer the picture, and the same is true for audio equipment. However, there is no clear quantitative index to measure it, so we can only rely on the human ear for subjective evaluation.

The higher the resolution, the more details we can "see" (picture from bilibili)

　　　　The analytical power of equipment has a comprehensive influence on human ears, including the cleanliness of the sound floor, the performance of overtones, the saturation of timbre, the clarity of sound image form, the texture of sound, etc. Simply put, it is "the ability to analyze musical details without losing information". HiFi is mostly exposed to the analytical power of earphone units. The resolving power of earphone unit is mainly related to the material, thickness and coil technology of diaphragm, which requires high technology and is a large part of the investment in R&D by manufacturers, thus directly determining the R&D and production cost of the unit.

　　　　In addition to the clarity of sound and the amount of detailed information, the benefits brought by high resolution are obvious separation of human voices and musical instruments. The so-called degree of separation is the layering of music. The better the layering, the easier it is for us to distinguish between human voices and background music, and the voices with low degree of separation will be mixed with instrumental sounds.

　　　　Of course, the degree of separation can be adjusted to a certain extent, such as reducing low frequencies and highlighting middle and high frequencies, so that the details will be clear, but the problem is that the amount of information in low frequencies is reduced, and then the music will appear thin.

　　　　But too high resolution will also bring problems, that is, distortion. Generally, earphones with higher price will have higher resolution, but the resolution will be seriously distorted simply by improving the sensitivity of the unit diaphragm to current, so the resolution of low-resistance earphones will not be set too high, because the front-end (power amplifier circuit) has limited control power, and strong resolution will bring greater dynamic distortion, which is why high-end earphones are mostly high impedance.

Sennheiser HD650 with 300 ohm impedance

　　　　However, the portable mobile phone HiFi has the problem of insufficient thrust. The larger the impedance, the smaller the sensitivity, and the harder it is to push the earphone. Therefore, it is not a wise choice to buy high-impedance high-end headphones only by looking at the price. The most serious consequence of insufficient thrust is that the music is poor in dynamics, and all the detailed sounds heard at the same time will be displayed in one plane, with no ups and downs in sound, no contrast in vocal instruments, lack of emotion, and the image is just like boiled water, which is seriously distorted. In a high resolution system, besides the unit quality, the control ability of the front-end system is particularly important.

frequency band

　　　　The so-called capacity distribution of high, medium and low frequency bands refers to the quantity of each frequency band within the frequency range that the equipment can emit. Some equipment has more high-frequency bands, some have a strong sense of low frequency, and some middle-frequency bands are particularly full of voices, but the amount of high and low segments is not so much.

　　　　The requirements of high frequency for each kind of listening and everyone’s listening habits are different. For music, it is not sharp to go up to the frequency band reached by music itself, that is to say, it can be said to be excellent if it is not stuffy and lubricated; It is very difficult to connect the intermediate frequency with the high frequency and low frequency. Almost all earphones can’t perfectly interpret the thick bass and thin soprano, and at the same time perfectly interpret the characteristics of each musical instrument. Low frequency is the most difficult frequency band to do, and it is not easy to do well in dive, elasticity and overtone during playback, so high-end headphones and earplugs are all working hard in this respect.

　　　　There is no absolute difference between the quantity sense of each frequency band and the quality sense. What is important is to achieve a balance after the overall collocation. The control of each frequency band tests the ability of audio equipment, such as whether the low frequency is loose or tight, whether the high frequency is lubricated or sharp, and so on.

Sound stage

　　　　Sound stage is the range in which the sound emitted by two speakers can be condensed and formed. Usually, if the two speakers are properly positioned (including the distance from the back wall and side wall, the height of the speakers and the angle of tilting inward, etc.), a concrete sound stage will emerge. You can even "see" the positions and distances of various vocal instruments and voices behind the speakers. To put it bluntly, it is an immersive listening experience.

Sound stage’s feelings have a lot to do with the sound layout (picture quoted from Baidu Encyclopedia)

　　　　Theoretically speaking, the reason why human ears can feel the sound field is because of the loudness difference and time difference between the left and right ears. The louder the sound channel is, the closer it is to the human ear. The loudness difference between the left and right ears enables the human ear to identify the sound source. At the same time, the delay of sound (residual sound) further enhances the three-dimensional sense of sound.

　　　　But it is not easy to form a good sound stage. Because the human ear is sensitive to different frequencies, not all frequencies can distinguish the distance and orientation, and about 7kHz is the most sensitive, while the extremely high frequency and extremely low frequency sounds have no directivity or very weak directivity. Relatively speaking, low-frequency directivity is worse, and low-frequency delay is a key quality for field experience.

　　　　In addition to the field sense of sound range (width and depth), the image cohesion is also a major index to evaluate sound stage. The shape, three-dimensional degree and sense of distance of the sound are the concrete manifestations of the cohesive force. The image is to see the performance site through the sense of hearing. Different musical instruments or vocals have different positions, sizes and characteristics. What is included in the fundus is a collection of all musical instruments and vocals, but they exist alone. You can see the individual characteristics of each of them or musical instruments.

Sound stage’s excellent knot is like being at a concert (picture quoted from Southern Metropolis Daily)

　　　　The requirement of image-forming power on audio system is relatively high, which is not only related to the hardware quality and sound quality adjustment of the front end, but also the image-forming power displayed by different headphones is very different. High-performance equipment combined with optimized adjustment can show excellent presence, but for HiFi, which is only an additional function, it is a very severe test, whether from hardware support or adjustment.

　　　　Of course, in addition to these three common evaluation indicators, there are many directions for evaluating audio, such as the proportion of musical instruments and the overall balance, but after understanding the above three evaluation factors, we can understand most of the audio evaluation.

What are the code names of HiFi? What are the reasons that restrict mobile phone HiFi?

HiFi system of Xiaomi Note

　　　　When we look at manufacturers’ promotion of HiFi selling points, there are always words such as DAC, ADC and operational amplifier. But for audio white, it is often confused. Here’s a brief introduction to common terms and expressions: ADC, SRC, DAC, and operational amplifier.

Texas Instruments 51AP8LI ADC3001 audio conversion chip (picture quoted from love machine)

　　　　ADC stands for analog-to-digital signal coding chip.This device is rare in the promotion of mobile phone HiFi, and it is mainly used for audio input.

Independent double clock crystal oscillator

　　　　The sampling rate of CD is 16bit, 44.1K, and there are other sampling rates such as 48k, 96K and 192K. However, in the later processing, only one type can be processed, so a conversion is needed, and this conversion process is called SRC.This process can easily deteriorate the sound quality. Need special attention, this is a key point for smart phones to do HIFI. Such transcoding chips (such as CS8422) are expensive. At this time, an independent dual-clock crystal oscillator appears, which perfectly solves this problem: one corresponds to 44.1K, the other corresponds to 48K and its integer multiples, and what crystal oscillator is used for music in any format, which solves the SRC problem at low cost.

ES9018K2M　DAC

　　　　DAC is a relatively common component, representing a digital-to-analog signal decoding chip, and is a device for converting digital format audio files stored in mobile phones into analog signals.This is the independent audio chip that most mobile phone manufacturers promote, such as ES9018 K2M of Meizu PRO6 Plus. The quality of DAC often represents some quality parameters of the front end, such as dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio, distortion and so on.

"539Y5P" is the AD45257 operational amplifier chip.

　　　　DAC completes analog signal conversion, but the output analog signal is very weak, and then the operational amplifier starts to operate.The full name of operational amplifier is operational amplifier. In the field of multimedia speakers, the operational amplifier chip is mainly responsible for the adjustment of volume, tone and peripheral effects., for example, integrated operational amplifiers are used in the front stage of audio and headphone amplifiers (amplifiers). For example, the common OPA1612 and OPA2604 are operational amplifier chips, and multiple operational amplifier chips can be integrated in one amp.

　　　　At present, most of the audio chips used in HiFi mobile phones on the market come from AKM and ESS. Here are some typical examples:

AK4490EN chip

　　　　AK4490EN is an ideal audio chip for mobile devices, which supports 32-bit/768 kHz source code output and high-specification 11.2MHz DSD files. Represents action.

ES9018K2M chip

　　　　The ES9018K2M chip has a dynamic range of 127dB, which can fully display the details of music. The ultra-low distortion of -120dB THD+N can better restore the essence of music.

　　　　Equipped with ES9038Q2M and three OPA1622 operational amplifiers, it has a dynamic range of 129dB and a distortion of -120dB, and supports DSD hardware decoding.

ACS43L36 decoding and ear amplifier integrated chip

　　　　Of course, in addition to these two chips, CirrusLogic decoding and amp integrated chip CS43L36 has also appeared on Meizu’s PRO 6, and basically all the audio parts involved in PRO 6 are controlled by it.

　　　　Although HiFi mobile phone is equipped with professional audio chip, it has a certain gap with high-quality walkman in terms of resolution, dynamic response and thrust. The reason is that the power supply scale, decoding chip specifications and the number of operational amplifiers are not as good as the latter. For example, the ES9018K2M mentioned just now is actually a scaled-down version of ES9018, which is a low-power version specially customized for mobile devices. The former is dual-channel and the latter is 8-channel. Whether it is dynamic range or signal-to-noise ratio, ES9018 is far better than ES9018K2M. The main reason why enthusiasts don’t want to use mobile phones to listen to high-quality headphones is because of the thrust of mobile phones on headphones, and they can’t give full play to good headphones.

In which direction will HiFi develop?

　　　　At present, limited by the circuit structure and power supply of mobile phones, there is still a long way to go to equalize the sound quality of professional equipment. Of course, we do not rule out the possibility of improving the battery technology of mobile phones, further optimizing the circuit design, and further controlling the heat and power consumption by high-quality audio chips, but it will be difficult to achieve it for a while.

It is also beneficial to integrate the decoding operational amplifier into the earphone.

　　　　In addition, mobile phones are gradually developing towards thinness, and the contradiction between battery capacity and chip power consumption is increasingly prominent, and there are signs of canceling the 3.5mm headphone jack in a large area. The most typical is the series of mobile phones. The 3.5mm earphone interface is cancelled, and the Lightning data interface can only output digital signals, and the decoding and operational amplifier will be integrated into the earphone. Although the high-end audio circuit can be used without signal interference compared with mobile phones to further reduce the noise floor, the power consumption of headphones is serious, and the high-integration decoding and operational amplifier will damage the sound quality output to some extent, and unreasonable circuit design will also produce certain noise floor.

Active noise reduction principle

　　　　Fortunately, there are still many remedies for mobile phone HiFi. For example, better audio technology is adopted at the earphone end. For example, 1MORE’s Tiinlab A2 exclusive active noise reduction chip can adjust the frequency band for noise reduction with broadband EQ as a supplement, and at the same time, it has a very good adaptability, such as Lightning and USB Type C digital interface. Thanks to the self-planned Tiinlab A2 exclusive active noise reduction chip, 1MORE full-time noise reduction technology achieves a perfect balance between noise reduction effect and sound quality. Tiinlab A2 is in the range of 50-2000Hz, which has covered most business and life frequency bands, which is wider than the frequency band where most noise-reducing headphones are only concentrated within 1000Hz, but at the same time, the noise reduction depth is controlled, and the inhalation feeling will not be too strong.

　Intelligent sonar earphone

　　　　Another interesting thing is HTC’s HTC USonic smart sonar headset. This earphone uses sonar to sense the cochlear structure, feeds back the signal to the mobile phone, makes custom adjustment according to the specific shape of each ear, and then outputs lossless timbre through USB-C interface, providing a good audio experience.

MDR-XB950BT Bluetooth Headset

　　　　At the beginning of this article, we mentioned that one plus five supports aptX & aptX HD HD music transmission. Undoubtedly, wireless Bluetooth will also be one of the solutions for future mobile phone HiFi. At present, the main quality standards of Bluetooth audio coding are SBC, AAC, aptX and LDAC from low to high. SBC has the best compatibility and the worst sound quality. AAC is relatively better. If the mobile phone plays AAC audio files, then using AAC Bluetooth coding transmission can save a coding conversion step, and the sound quality is more fidelity, but the gap is not small. AptX is a higher Bluetooth audio coding, and aptX-HD can achieve near lossless sound quality. LDAC is a Bluetooth audio coding promoted by Sony, which can achieve -Res lossless audio transmission and has the best sound quality. However, apart from Sony’s own equipment, there are not many supporting this coding at present, but it is the future development direction.

Write it at the end

　　　　After reading the above contents, I believe everyone has a certain understanding of audio and mobile phone HiFi. Although these are only nine Niu Yi hairs in the audio industry, after understanding these, we can roughly understand what level of mobile phone HiFi is promoted by mobile phone manufacturers, and we can also have some basic knowledge support when choosing headphones. Of course, it should be kept in mind that even when purchasing headphones for HiFi mobile phones, you can’t just look at the price. After all, the thrust of mobile phones is limited, and different headphones have different styles. The right combination of front and rear ends is the best choice.

CCTV News:Foreign trade is one of the "Troika" driving China’s economy. However, due to the complicated international situation, COVID-19 epidemic and other unexpected factors, China’s foreign trade is facing severe challenges. In the face of risk challenges, the CPC Central Committee actively deployed and calmly responded, and made "stabilizing foreign trade" a major focus of the "six stability" work. Relevant departments have also successively issued a series of policies and measures to further promote high-level opening up, support the growth of foreign trade and optimize the business environment. With the effective implementation of relevant measures, the effect of China’s foreign trade in resisting multiple pressures and increasing quality has gradually emerged. Today’s "Running in the Spring Festival" series focuses on China’s foreign trade. We focus on the following questions. What achievements has China made in foreign trade under the influence of multiple unexpected factors? How does foreign trade promote China’s economic recovery? How will China’s foreign trade continue to break through the trend in 2023?

Withstand the risk test, China’s foreign trade scale has reached a new high.

Let’s look at the first question first. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce said on the 2nd that in 2022, China’s foreign trade stood all kinds of risk tests, and the scale reached a record high, with the import and export of goods reaching 42.1 trillion yuan, maintaining the status of the world’s first trader of goods for six consecutive years.

From the perspective of foreign trade, the scale of foreign trade reached a record high in 2022, and the import and export of goods exceeded 40 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.7%. The trade structure has also been continuously optimized, and the import and export of private enterprises has increased by 12.9%, accounting for more than 50%. Trade in services grew steadily, with the import and export of services reaching 5.98 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.9%.

In 2022, China’s foreign trade successfully achieved "stability and quality improvement""target

According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2022, China’s foreign trade has withstood various risk tests and successfully achieved the goal of "maintaining stability and improving quality". Generally speaking, in 2022, China foreign trade station reached a new height, released new kinetic energy and made new contributions.

A new height, in 2022, the import and export scale of China reached a new record high, reaching 42 trillion yuan, breaking through the 40 trillion yuan mark. In dollar terms, it reached $6.3 trillion, which is a new breakthrough above the ultra-high base in 2021. China has maintained its position as the largest country in goods trade for six consecutive years.

New kinetic energy. In 2022, electric vehicles, photovoltaic products and lithium batteries will become new growth points for China’s high-tech, high-added products and lead the green transformation. In 2022, the export of electric vehicles increased by 131.8%, photovoltaic products increased by 67.8%, and lithium batteries increased by 86.7%. At the same time, new foreign trade formats such as cross-border e-commerce and market procurement trade are also booming, with the import and export scale exceeding 3 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 7% of foreign trade.

New contribution: From the domestic perspective, the contribution rate of net exports of goods and services to GDP growth reached 17.1% in 2022, driving GDP growth by 0.5 percentage points. Internationally, under the background of the turbulent global economic and trade environment, China has taken effective measures to stabilize production and export, ensuring the smooth operation of the global industrial chain supply chain.

Promote trade facilitation and take various measures to expand the cross-border use of RMB

Enterprises actively "go out to sea" to grab orders, promote economic stability and foreign trade, and the government and relevant departments also "take the initiative". A few days ago, the Ministry of Commerce and the People’s Bank of China issued a circular to further support foreign trade enterprises to expand the cross-border use of RMB and promote trade and investment facilitation.

The circular calls for facilitating the settlement of all kinds of cross-border trade and investment in RMB, and promoting banks to provide more convenient and efficient settlement services. Encourage banks to carry out overseas RMB loans to better meet the cross-border RMB investment and financing needs of enterprises. Facilitate cross-border RMB settlement of goods trade, service trade and various new trade formats, support RMB pricing settlement of bulk commodities, and support foreign investors to invest in China and reinvest in China. Efforts will be made to increase support for small and medium-sized enterprises, facilitate their use of RMB for settlement in cross-border trade and investment, avoid exchange rate risks and reduce exchange costs.

Xuan Changneng, Vice Governor of China People’s Bank:At present, nearly half of the cross-border transactions carried out by various entities in China have been settled in RMB. In the next step, the People’s Bank of China will further consolidate the institutional foundation of cross-border RMB business, improve the infrastructure construction of cross-border RMB use, and create a more friendly policy environment for domestic and foreign entities to hold and use RMB.

Liao Lin, President of China Industrial and Commercial Bank:We have set up a special financing support plan for cross-border RMB business of 450 billion yuan, focusing on supporting advanced manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, specialization and innovation, modern agriculture, green, infrastructure, Pratt & Whitney, foreign trade and foreign investment, and accurately matching preferential interest rates to fully meet the needs of market participants for cross-border investment and financing.

Vice Minister of Commerce Guo Tingting:We will continue to implement policies based on solving the "urgent difficulties and worries" of enterprises, help more enterprises to carry out cross-border RMB business, promote trade and investment facilitation, and improve the quality and level of trade and investment cooperation.

On the First Session of the 11th Danzhou CPPCC National Committee

sequence Reply to proposal 245

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Dear member Yao Yunqin:

Thank you very much for your concern and support for the development of new energy heavy trucks in our city., you put forward at the first meeting of the 11th CPPCC Danzhou. Proposal No.245, after study, we hereby reply as follows:

First, the development status of new energy heavy trucks in Danzhou City

The development of new energy replacing electricity and heavy trucks with heavy trucks.The construction of (charging) power infrastructure and the operation of heavy trucks for power exchange are the core.At present, there are heavy trucks in operation in our city. There are 36 vehicles and 50 special commercial concrete vehicles for power exchange. Two heavy truck power exchange projects have been completed and put into use at the end of January 2022.Pure electric heavy truck power station replacement project of Yangpu International Container Terminal, invested and built by Guodian Power Investment (Hainan) Energy Service Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hainan Branch of State Power Investment, is built in Yangpu International Container Terminal Port according to the eight-station heavy truck charging and replacing power station, with a construction scale of 1250kVA, and a newly-built pre-installed 10kV, 1250 KVA box-type substation is connected by the 10 kV Shovel Line of South Power Grid. It is equipped with 8 chargers, 7 for operation and 1 for standby, with a total power load of 150kW. It is equipped with 35 vehiclesPower-changing heavy truck43 sets of 141kWh batteries. The power station has the characteristics of high efficiency, cost reduction, flexibility, safety and environmental protection: high efficiency is reflected in the fact that it can supply vehicles with energy for 6 minutes and solve mileage anxiety; Separate sales of vehicles and electricity, greatly reducing the cost of car purchase; The battery packs with different electric quantities can be flexibly replaced according to the working conditions, thus reducing the self-weight of the car body; The centralized management of charging is safe and controllable, which prolongs the service life of the battery and improves the utilization value of the battery.

The other is Hainan Yangpu Ronghe Junchi Landao Power Station Exchange Project., the first electric heavy truck charging and replacing power station in our province, invested and built by Hainan Yangpu Ronghe Junchi Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Ronghe Junchi), located in the factory area of Hainan Landao Environmental Protection Industry Co., Ltd., Mutang Park, Danzhou Industrial Park, with an area of 10 mu. The power exchange station is constructed in two phases, including 2 power exchange stations, 2 2000KW transformers, 50 heavy-duty trucks and 57 sets of 282kwh batteries. The power exchange station and batteries are put into operation in 60 phases in five years. In the first phase, a 2000 kW transformer, a power station and 30 parking spaces were laid. In the second phase, a 2000KW transformer and a power station were laid. At present, the infrastructure of the first phase of Landao Power Station (NO.001) has been completed, which also has the characteristics of high efficiency, cost reduction, flexibility, safety, standard and intensive.

Second, the demand for the construction of new energy heavy trucks in Danzhou City

According to Hainan Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology The Implementation Plan for the Pilot Application of New Energy Vehicle Switching Mode in Hainan Province issued in November 2021 (Qiong Gongxin Automobile [2021] No.195) and "Guiding Opinions of Hainan Province on Supporting the Construction of Electric Vehicle Switching Stations"(Qiong Fa Gai Energy Letter [2021] No.513) requires giving priority to pilot projects in Haikou, Sanya, Danzhou Yangpu, Qionghai, Wanning and other regions to build a new energy vehicle power exchange network with reasonable layout and moderate advance.

Huanxinyingwan District with Yangpu as the industrial center in our city.Industrial development has a certain foundation.The orientation of industrial development is relatively clear. Take Xiaochantan Wharf and Yangpu Port as radiation centers.Through Hainan West Line Expressway, Wanyang Expressway, Danbai Expressway and Haiyu West Line.(G225), heavy truck freight can radiate the whole island.

Developing clean energy heavy trucks is the need of industrial development.From the perspective of Yangpu Economic Development Zone,With the development of olefin industrial chain in petrochemical functional zone and the extension of aromatic industrial chain to high added value.In recent years, a large number of petrochemical projects, such as millions of tons of ethylene and PTA and PET expansion projects, have been put into production, and the radiation from the port to the petrochemical functional area will surge. According to incomplete statistics, the annual demand for standard containers in the petrochemical functional area will surge from 12,000 to 15,000 to more than 30,000 TEUs every year, and the electric transformation of short-distance transportation within 100 kilometers has obvious advantages.

Heavy trucks with electricity exchange have the advantage of short-distance transportation cost, in view of the current ordinary chaika transportation.The transportation cost of each standard container within 100 kilometers is 400 to 420 yuan, and the liquefied petroleum gas or methanol after cleaning transformation is about 200-220 yuan; Pure electric heavy trucks are transported in 180-200 yuan each.

It is necessary for the development of the park to promote the replacement of heavy trucks.With the in-depth integration of foreign integration,The foundations of two areas of Danzhou Industrial Park, Mutang and Wang Wu, are under rapid construction.The healthy food processing and high-end manufacturing industries in Yangpu Economic Development Zone have developed rapidly.Driven by the development of the park, the demand for heavy truck transportation such as container trucks and commercial concrete has surged.

Popularizing heavy trucks for power exchange is the demand of infrastructure construction.With the implementation of the expansion plan of Xiaochantan WharfPort container throughput can be doubled from the current 1.5 million standard containers. With the demand for infrastructure construction such as road network and hospitals around Xinyingwan District, the demand for heavy truck transportation of commercial concrete is increasing.

Popularizing the construction of heavy truck-to-power station can solve some energy storage needs of offshore wind energy development.From next year, with the development of three nearly 350MW wind fields in CZ2-4 in the northwest of Danzhou, the heavy truck power station can solve the energy storage function of some offshore wind power because of its strong energy storage capacity and great adjustment of power supply peaks and valleys.

Three, to speed up the city’s heavy truck power exchange project construction plan

In the past two years, it has been affected by the epidemic and the growth rate of upstream and downstream industries of real estate has slowed down.The impact has brought adverse effects on the development of new energy-replacing heavy trucks. The Municipal Bureau of Science, Technology and Information Technology will, in accordance with the "New Energy Storage Development Plan of Hainan Province in the 14th Five-Year Plan" of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the requirements of the city on the development plan of charging and replacing infrastructure, the implementation plan and work plan over the years. Combined with the characteristics of Danzhou Yangpu’s economic and social development, driven by the strong demand of clean energy substitution, short-distance electrification and intelligent development, during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, we will further vigorously promote the construction of pilot projects for replacing electric vehicles with electricity, build an application and service guarantee system for the construction of electric vehicles in the industrial field, and focus on promoting the construction of heavy trucks for power stations.

Continue to use existing pilot resources.To promote the application of new energy in the industrial field. Do a good job in the promotion and replication of the power exchange mode and service guarantee system of electric heavy trucks in the area around Xinyingwan, strive to complete the electrification replacement of motor vehicles in key terminals during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period., the pilot construction of concrete transportation system for electricity exchange in Huanxinyingwan District., continue to declare the construction of provincial and national pilot cities for power exchange, and strive to establish and improve smart ports and smart logistics systems.

In summaryIn accordance with the work arrangements of provinces and cities, we will continue to unite with relevant departments to speed up the application and promotion of replacing heavy trucks and the construction of heavy truck power exchange projects. Once again, I sincerely thank you for your concern, support and supervision on the development of new energy heavy trucks in our city.!

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Danzhou science and technology he industry information development bureau

November 7, 2022

Original: Wang Zhongxin Weekly

How long has it been since you watched a TV series at normal speed? /"Sweet honey is heavy as frost"

No more than 40 episodes, can not save the "water injection TV series."

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

The end of the summer, in addition to the "school month", there are dramas chased in the summer vacation.

A Cui, a junior girl who is both a "rice circle girl" and a "drama master", this summer, in addition to her internship, she also chased three TV dramas that were highly discussed on the Internet.

She calculated that the three dramas add up to more than 150 episodes, which is longer than the two Empresses in the Palace’s combined.

If you carefully count the number of domestic dramas in recent years, you will find that it seems that you haven’t seen a short and pithy domestic drama for a long time, whether it is a big explosion or a silent broadcast.

There are also 42 episodes of "Dear, Dear", which has become a new slogan. /Figure "Dear, Dear"

I don’t know when domestic dramas became popular.

Giant system is not necessarily "high quality", but it is really long enough! It is not uncommon to take off in 50 or 60 episodes, even the length of 70 or 80 episodes. This huge number alone makes people lose the courage to follow the drama.

Biography of the Harem Zhen Huan, 76 episodes; Story of Yanxi Palace, 70 episodes; Sweet honey is as heavy as frost, 63 episodes; Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace has reached an astonishing 87 episodes …

Not long ago, the topic "# The General Administration plans to stipulate that the drama series should not exceed 40 episodes #" detonated the network. According to the report, the State Administration of Radio and Television is studying the policy of limiting the number of TV dramas and soliciting opinions from the industry. It is proposed to stipulate the upper limit of the number of episodes, and the upper limit is 40 episodes.

Can 40 episodes really prevent water flooding? /Caixin. com

Limiting the maximum number of episodes to 40 episodes can save domestic dramas that are flooded with water, but at least it can save domestic drama audiences who are forced to chase long dramas every day.

Contemporary human pursuit of drama daily life

Catch up with 100 episodes in one breath

Little friends who have chased domestic dramas know a "hidden rule", and now domestic dramas have a "fixed number of episodes".

There are no seventy or eighty episodes of costume drama, but forty or fifty episodes are the basic discs of modern drama. When did these series get longer and longer?

According to the "Recording of National TV Drama Production" published by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, the average number of episodes of domestic TV dramas has gradually increased since 2012, and in December 2015, it exceeded 40 episodes for the first time (40.95 episodes). From 2016 to 2018, the average number of episodes exceeded 40 frequently.

There are 74 episodes recorded and filmed in July 2019 alone. /SARFT website

Domestic dramas generally exceed 40 episodes, mainly after 2015.

The latest "Notice of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on the Filing and Publicity of National TV Series Shooting and Production in July 2019" updated the figures: In July 2019, there were 74 plays and 3,030 episodes of national TV series shooting and production.

74, 3030 episodes! A little calculation, the result is really amazing: the average number of episodes is 40.95, which has exceeded the envisaged upper limit of 40 episodes.

As the saying goes, "You have Zhang Liangji and I have a wall ladder". The "big production" of 70 or 80 episodes can’t slow down the speed of people’s drama pursuit, and thus a variety of new black technologies and skill guides for drama pursuit have been born.

One of the most familiar interface operations for drama girls.

It is only the first step for a qualified domestic drama audience to get used to using major video websites instead of TV sets. Xiaochao, a girl in the rice circle, summed up her three-step pursuit of drama-

The first step is to skip the beginning and end of the film; Step 2, start double-speed playback; The third step is to select only the selected single clip version you want to see.

Such an operation is as fierce as a tiger. Usually, a 45-minute episode can be finished in 15-20 minutes. Three steps down, chasing dozens of episodes of so easy in one day.

It is no exaggeration to say that double-speed playback has become the standard for young people to watch dramas nowadays. But when to play at double speed, when to watch at double speed, or even when to skip directly, there are many skills behind it.

If you can’t watch the TV series, just watch the barrage.

Ruyu, who claims to be a tenth-class fan of domestic dramas, often teaches others her "three axes necessary for double speed": memories, empty mirrors and slow motion, inner monologues or meaningless dialogues. As long as you encounter the above content, you can choose double-speed playback or even skip it directly without hesitation.

There are two kinds of memories, one is "Previously on Life", so skip it directly. The other is "flashback", such as the memories of the protagonist at the critical moment. Originally speaking, flashback can help the audience understand the plot, but most of the time, it is used by post-editing to piece together the plot, so it can also be skipped.

Not to mention an empty mirror. Lots of natural scenes, empty scenes without characters and slow-motion scenes without dialogue-unless you want to enjoy the background soundtrack at the moment, you’d better skip it.

I’m here to see people, not beautiful scenery. /"to the sky kingdom"

The last one is a bit difficult to judge, and it depends on personal preference. For example, in the TV series "Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5", such a typical meaningless dialogue, I believe it is difficult for someone to bear to watch it-

"How many associates are there here?"

"Here is a person."

"Eleven people?"

"Not eleven people, but one person."

"Twenty-one people? Say! Where are they hiding? "

"You heard wrong, actually alone."

"Seventy-one people, you think I’m stupid, such a small place!"

"Fool, you heard wrong again. Here is a person."

"ninety-one people!" "250, it’s one person."

"251 people, you really think I’m stupid!"

Excuse me, are you dizzy?

If it’s still too long, you can watch pictures and follow dramas in Weibo, Douban and WeChat official account, or open bilibili and choose xx minutes to watch the xx series.

The audience really saw a fire. /"Heroes of Sui and Tang Dynasties 5"

Why has the double-speed pursuit of drama become the daily pursuit of drama for contemporary young people? That’s because there is no triple or quadruple broadcast.

The latest news is: Now, all major video platforms have launched triple speed playback, triple speed! Is this speed rushing out of Asia and walking in the forefront of the world?

I just don’t know if you look at it this way. Are you watching movies or just watching a movie?

What are you doing so fast? It’s not a race against time. /"Lola Run"

Waist or continue life, see the real chapter by quality.

Film and television, a world-wide art, is of course deeply loved by people all over the world. After all, "couch potatoes" became popular in the United States as early as the 1960s.

How do foreigners chase dramas?

People who have seen American TV shows are familiar with the word "season". American TV shows are usually divided into seasons, and the number of episodes per season usually does not exceed 24.

The memories of countless people’s youth will always stay in the 12th season. /Figure "The Big Bang Theory" screenshot

The broadcast of American TV series is indeed characterized by "seasons". The dramas broadcast in autumn usually run from September to May of the following year, and the first half of each season is usually 10-13 episodes. After three months of broadcast, it will usher in the winter break (Hiatus).

During the winter break, TV executives can get ratings survey data and audience feedback, and they will use these indicators to evaluate the value of the new drama, whether to renew it or cut it? Speak entirely on the data that has been broadcast.

English dramas are even tougher. Although it is also a season, the number of episodes per season is about 3-9. Sherlock and Black Mirror, which are familiar to the audience in China, have only three episodes each season-obviously, unlike the long masterpieces of domestic dramas, overseas dramas pursue simplicity and liveliness.

Let’s look at Japan and South Korea next door.

After a lapse of seven years, the phenomenal drama Naoki Banze will finally usher in its second season next year. /"Naoki Nakazawa"

Japanese dramas, which are famous for their brevity, usually have 11-12 episodes. Even the most popular TV series will usually only launch an SP (Fanpian) with a length of about 50 minutes as a follow-up, and there are few sequels, "Never bow to the length". Korean dramas are slightly longer than Japanese dramas, and the total number of episodes of a single drama is usually around 20 episodes.

As we all know, Korean dramas had a period called "foot-binding cloth". For example, many childhood memories of the post-80s and post-90s "Dae Jang Geum" were as long as 54 episodes, and the duration of each episode was actually one hour.

In terms of broadcast mode and the length of episodes, there is no absolute difference between good and bad, not to mention that applying the production mode of overseas dramas to China will definitely have a good broadcast effect.

The longest-lived American TV series "Our Days" even has more than 10,000 episodes, and it is still not over. /"Our Days"

The most important and only responsibility of a TV series is to tell the story well.

In order to control the quality, overseas dramas are usually broadcast while shooting. Whether there is a next season or even an episode depends on the quality. It may be halved at any time, and it can also be a long-lived drama.

The classic American drama Lie to Me also stopped for three seasons because of quality problems. "Don’t Lie to me" solved the case through the eye-catching micro-expression polygraph method, and its novel setting attracted people’s attention at home and abroad, which once set a brilliant record in psychological drama. Up to now, there are many traces of paying tribute to it in film and television works at home and abroad.

However, after entering the third season, the ratings of "Don’t Lie to me" continued to be low, and received comments such as "lost freshness". In the end, it was mercilessly cut down by the TV station on the grounds of "audience aesthetic fatigue"-you know, Fox TV, which belongs to this series, is a character who is so determined that he can not hesitate to cut his back even the "entry-level drama" Prison Break.

The most classic "mind-reading detective" /"Don’t lie to me"

It can be seen that the quality of the series is not directly related to the length, and the length is only the most basic indicator.

In the final analysis, a 40-episode "water-injected TV series", even if compressed into 20 episodes, should be filled with water.

Some plays have too many episodes.

Some plays are 400 episodes.

If it is true, a good drama is not afraid of length, and 80 episodes of "Legend of Wulin" are not too tired to watch every day.

The top ten domestic dramas in Douban are many excellent works with more than 40 episodes of word-of-mouth and length. 46 episodes of Ming Dynasty 1566, 59 episodes of Towards the Republic and 80 episodes of Legend of Wulin are among the top five masterpieces.

I even want to watch 800 episodes. /"Wulin Biography"

The problem of "water injection TV series" is not "length", but "water"

However, why is it "water injection", which has become an unavoidable disease of the times in domestic dramas?

The root of this problem lies in that "episode" is not only the time node of TV drama creation, but also the basic unit of cost accounting and trading exchange: the more episodes a TV drama with a fixed cost can finally be edited, the more the cost is diluted, and the higher the income of the producer will naturally be.

This has also led to an endless stream of ways of "water injection" in film and television dramas.

From the simplest and rudest adding useless dialogues and useless scenes, repeating flashbacks, to adding supporting characters and over-rendering subplots, injecting water from the source of the script, and then inserting frequent oral advertisements, using clips to forcibly lengthen the duration, the water injection of film and television dramas has penetrated into all levels of editing, content creation and income return.

Previously, it took up a third of the length. /"Do you know if it should be green, fat and thin?"

In 2017, "Ode to Joy 2", although the ratings were good, was vomited by many viewers. Some viewers counted down and found that the producers stuffed as many as 51 brands in the play! Others spit out: the drama constantly pieced together the number of episodes with unnecessary plots such as music, characters’ memories and quarrels, and the whole drama was expanded to 55 episodes.

Ode to Joy 2 is not a case. Sun Li’s "The Full Moon Blossoms That Year" showed 50 episodes in the shooting and the previous press release, but it was 74 episodes in the final broadcast, which was a full "note" of 24 episodes.

For film and television dramas, the increase or decrease of the number of episodes may change the narrative way of the whole drama. If the drama is so bad, the masterpiece can’t escape the suspicion of water injection.

As an anti-corruption drama, the phenomenal work "in the name of people" triggered a ratings frenzy. However, the screenwriter admitted that for the sake of commercial benefits, the content of the original 40 episodes was finally "watered" by 15 episodes and written into 55 episodes.

A really good drama even dares to take a "waist cut" to shame itself. /"Kua Times"

The length of a long drama is to make it more handsome and atmospheric, not to facilitate "water injection". Hong Kong TV series, which is good at shooting long dramas, is a good example. Taking TVB as an example, it has produced 107 episodes of Genesis, 65 episodes of Men in Heaven and Earth, and 62 episodes of Passion in Heaven and Earth. Although the length of these plays is long, they all achieve high plot density, large amount of information and exciting.

2017 is the 50th anniversary of the establishment of TVB, and the drama "Kuadai" was the heavyweight drama of that year. At the press conference of Kua Times, starring Bobby Au—Yeung mentioned that the first boast of the play was that it was 50 episodes long.

The "length" of the drama series is not the original sin. Fans, no one wants to catch up with a long series full of water at double or triple speed. What they really want is to catch up with any good drama worth thinking easily without any double speed-it’s really not a big problem if it doesn’t grow long.

Author | Wang Zhongzhong

The new weekly was originally produced, and it is forbidden to reprint without permission.

Read the original text

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The design of Xingyue L Zhiqing is unique, showing the perfect integration of luxury and technology. In the front part, the family design language of the atmosphere is adopted, and the iconic air intake grille is wide and exquisite, with smooth lines, which not only strengthens the visual impact, but also provides excellent aerodynamic performance. The overall style is elegant and dynamic, showing self-confidence and strength. At the same time, the technical treatment of the details shows its high-end quality.

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Xingyue L Zhiqing is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine with 163 horsepower and the maximum torque is 255 N m.. This engine is perfectly matched with the 3-speed DHT gearbox to ensure that the vehicle can provide excellent performance in various driving scenarios.

Summarizing the evaluation of car home car owners, Xingyue L Zhiqing won his favor with its atmospheric appearance and smooth lines, and he even said that its design was not inferior to luxury brands such as Audi and BMW. This model is obviously visually impressive, satisfying the owner’s pursuit of high quality and exquisite design. While meeting practical needs, Xingyue L Zhiqing also showed extraordinary aesthetic value, which brought unique driving experience to car owners.

　　Good times make the lucky ones, and bad times make the great ones. This classic quote flowing in the long river of history always reminds people of those winners in life who are struggling despite the difficulties. In fact, the growth process of lucky people and great people also reflects the world of all walks of life, and for the automotive industry, there is never a shortage of heroes who stand out in adversity.

　　Since the COVID-19 epidemic broke out, the global economy has inevitably been mired in a quagmire. In the automotive industry, there are many brands that cannot survive after being in trouble, but there are also those who have struggled to move forward despite the trend.

　　The fruit of the perfect combination between the group with deep roots in China and the group that has been deeply cultivating the Chinese market for decades is that it has shown strong resilience under the heavy blow of the epidemic. Knock-out products have shown strong product power during the epidemic, holding a rock-solid position for FAW Toyota’s market layout after the epidemic has passed.

　　The reason why the Asian Dragon has been able to overcome obstacles in the difficult times of strong enemies and economic recession is still due to the customer reputation accumulated since the launch of the best-selling model in 2019, as well as the dimensionality reduction of competitors such as China and Japan after the launch of the 2.0L model lowered the price threshold.

　　The sales story written in the 12 months since its listing is the most powerful evidence of the overall strength of the Asian Dragon. As for why the Asian Dragon can occupy a favorable position in the Longtan tiger’s den of the joint venture medium-sized car market as a rookie, in the final analysis, it is because the TNGA structure gives it a unique platform advantage.

　　When it comes to TNGA, its significance to Toyota is no less than that of quattro. Toyota has broken out of the traditional industrial chain and derived a disruptive R & D and production system, which has revolutionized the entire brand from the inside out. This concept is specific to every aspect of a car, which is a complete change – TNGA has realized many seemingly contradictory needs of the Asian Dragon in a dialectical and unified philosophical way, and this is also the root of the Asian Dragon’s emergence from rivals such as Passat, Maiteng and INSPIRE.

　　Among these contradictions, perhaps the most difficult dilemma for automakers is the conflict between increasingly tight environmental protection policies and consumers’ increasingly demanding requirements for power. However, this contradiction has found a perfect solution under the TNGA architecture – the TNGA 2.5L Dynamic Force Engine not only curbs the energy loss of the exhaust and cooling ends, but also increases the thermal efficiency to 41% that rivals are amazed by high-speed combustion and VVT-iE (motor-driven intelligent variable valve timing system).

　　In addition, the transmission system also provides a powerful channel for the power under the TNGA architecture, which allows the Asian Dragon to accelerate smoothly and smoothly, but also gives it amazing fuel economy, especially the fuel consumption of the dual-engine version is only 4.3L/100km with the help of the electronic continuously variable transmission (E-CVT). Even if the theoretical fuel consumption is too conservative, the measured fuel consumption of 5.4L/100km from the authoritative media will not lie. Combined with the recent oil price, the cost per kilometer is only 3 cents. This alone is enough to capture the hearts of consumers who value fuel consumption.

　　The importance of TNGA to the Asian Dragon lies not only in the flawless powertrain, but also in the safety performance of the Asian Dragon to a new height. In the most rigorous US IIHS crash test, the Asian Dragon achieved excellent results in multiple sub-tests with G (excellent review), and finally won the top safety evaluation of "Top Safety Pick +", which also makes Passat and Maiteng who have been struggling in the Chinese market for decades feel ashamed. The reason for such a commendable performance is mainly the improvement of the rigidity of the body by high-strength hot-pressed materials.

　　In addition, in the field of active safety, Toyota Group’s proud Toyota Safety Sense (Toyota Collision Avoidance Assist Package) integrates PCS pre-collision safety system, LDA lane keeping system (including steering control function), AHB automatic adjustment high beam system and DRCC dynamic radar cruise control system, plus 10 SRS air bags as standard in the whole system, creating a great safety wall for the occupants of the car. The auxiliary control configuration such as PVM panoramic monitoring system, BSM parallel blind spot monitor, and RCTA rear blind spot warning system on the reversing side solves the worries caused by the blind spot of vision to the owner.

　　Of course, Asia Dragon’s success is not only due to the TNGA architecture. The smart experience built by the perfect combination of mobile phone connectivity and smart security is also a key part of attracting consumers to choose Asia Dragon. The Baidu Carlife human-machine interaction system used by Asia Dragon allows mobile phones to seamlessly connect with in-vehicle multimedia systems via USB or Wifi, integrating driving navigation, Bluetooth calls and audio-visual entertainment into car life.

　　The auto market is competing with the law of the jungle every day. Today, joint venture B-class cars such as Taurus, 508 and C6 have long been reduced to a thing of the past. After the big wave, the only remaining models such as Teana, Maiteng and Passat will be the most worthy enemies of the Asian Dragon in 2020. After the epidemic gradually fades, FAW Toyota Asian Dragon will also have the last laugh with the platform advantage and high-quality smart travel experience given by Toyota TNGA.

　　Because the Asian Dragon, which shares the GA-K platform, has far more comprehensive strength than the B-class car, which makes the Asian Dragon have almost no equal opponents in the joint venture B-class car market. Of course, we also hope to see the Asian Dragon face more challengers in the future, because the crisis consciousness formed by the challenges of elite soldiers such as Passat, Maiteng, INSPIRE and Accord will allow the Asian Dragon to continue to evolve, providing consumers with an unparalleled car experience, and future competitors who come to fight will further motivate FAW Toyota to provide more outstanding car purchase options like the Asian Dragon.

Alaia

　　　　　　 On August 16, Chen Edison [Weibo] posted a photo of his daughter Alaia on his social account, with the caption "7:20 am, with my daughter and Doraemon". In the photo, Alaia’s hairstyle is very messy, her hair is casually blocked in front of her eyes, and her expression is cold and uninhibited, very stylish, next to Doraemon toys.

　　When netizens saw this, they left messages one after another, "It has the same taste as dad and mom." "Sure enough, with dad, the painting style is different" "messy and beautiful".

　　　　　Recently, at the 14th Shanghai International Film Festival Film Industry Awards Banquet, Mr. Gao Shouzhi, President of Yi En Consulting, delivered a keynote speech entitled "Glory and Dream of China Film" to share three development trends of China film market: further intensification of industrial integration, active integration into global cooperation and new mechanism of film investment and financing environment. In addition, Mr. Gao Shouzhi put forward the concept of "film investment bank" for the first time and formally established and released the business, providing an agent consultant for film projects and funders.

　　　 In the past year, the China film market has accelerated the integration of cross-industry resources, which shows that some non-traditional film industry resources, such as new media companies, local TV stations, newspaper groups and overseas media organizations, have actively invested in the development of China film market through capital and direct opening up of new businesses. In addition, China film market is actively integrating into the global film industry cooperation through co-production and transnational capital operation.

　　　 Zhang Pimin, deputy director of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, mentioned in the opening speech of the Shanghai Film Festival that the development trend of China’s film industry has met the conditions for establishing a new system of film investment and financing, and encouraged financial institutions to increase financial support for film enterprises and improve the financing environment. According to the data of Yien Consulting, in 2010, the cost of domestic film production rose, and several large-scale productions with investment exceeding 100 million appeared. However, as far as the overall financing environment is concerned, there are still many problems to be solved urgently. The main reasons for the imperfect film financing environment in China are the lack of guarantee mechanism for finished films, the lack of intermediary service agencies and the imperfect overseas copyright pre-sale channels. Banks, film funds, cultural industry investment funds, property rights exchanges and other financial institutions also suffer from the lack of a sound risk control mechanism and the inability to quickly connect projects and face the bottleneck of film investment.

　　　 Under this background, Yi En Consulting, as a leading domestic entertainment industry research institution, officially launched the film investment banking service and played the role of a third-party institutional platform. It will rely on enbase’s powerful box office statistics database, combine Yi En’s experience with overseas box office forecasting models and risk assessment systems, and form a powerful expert advisory group to provide comprehensive services for the project from early positioning and packaging, risk assessment and post-development research, and provide professional agency consulting services for financial investment institutions and film project parties, and build an investment and financing platform.

　　　 At present, the film investment banking services of Yi En Consulting are still developing, and the number of partners is gradually increasing. Two banks, three law firms, a film-finishing guarantee institution, two copyright exchanges and four financial investment institutions have reached preliminary cooperation agreements with Yien Consulting. Yi En Consulting welcomes more film investment institutions to join in and make their own contribution to promoting the healthy development of China’s film financing market and improving China’s film industry chain.

More live pictures on the next page!

China Economic Weekly reporter Song Jie | Shanghai Report

"Our three staff members have to receive inquiries from 30 spectators at the same time. I really didn’t expect this exhibition to be so hot." At the 2023 World Artificial Intelligence Conference held in Shanghai from July 6 to 8, the first Hong Kong pavilion enterprise — — Cao Xiaolei, founder of Health Shooting, told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

Just as generative AI and artists performed together in the opening show of the conference, a new round of artificial intelligence represented by generative artificial intelligence and big model has accelerated its evolution, leading the scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution sweeping the world. Human beings are approaching a brand-new era of general artificial intelligence as never before, which has aroused common concern and heated discussion around the world.

This year’s conference attracted many international organizations, people from international academic circles and foreign-funded enterprises, including UNIDO, UNESCO, IJCAI, IEEE Metacosmic Standards Association, Microsoft, Google, Intel, NVIDIA, OpenAI and so on. According to reports, the conference docked 210 upstream and downstream enterprises, reached an intentional purchase amount of 11 billion yuan, and promoted the signing of 32 major industrial projects with a total investment of 28.8 billion yuan.

The reporter of China Economic Weekly saw at the conference site that over 400 exhibitors displayed scientific and technological achievements in the fields of large models, chips, robots and intelligent driving in the main exhibition area of 50,000 square meters of the Expo Exhibition Hall, and a large number of products integrating cutting-edge AI technology appeared, bringing a unique "talent show" to the audience.

Fourier universal humanoid robot performed at the opening ceremony.

The Lite3 laser version robot attracted the audience’s attention.

Robots! Intelligent application scenarios generate the future

Robots are known as "the jewel at the top of the manufacturing crown". More than 20 robots were unveiled at this year’s conference, and many of them were the first shows, including a biped robot equipped with large model dialogue ability, a Tesla humanoid robot, a minimally invasive surgical robot, a U.S. UAV V4, a robot dog from Iflytek, and a quadruped robot from Yun Shenchu.

Elon musk, CEO of Tesla, who attended the World Artificial Intelligence Conference via video link, said that the computing power of robots is much stronger than that of human beings, and the ratio of robots to humans will exceed 1∶1 or even greater in the future, which seems to have become a development trend. The positive impact of this is that mankind will enter an era of prosperity, because there will be many robots in the future, and their production efficiency will be much higher than that dominated by human beings.

He cited Tesla’s humanoid robot "Optimus" as an example, saying that it is smart enough to help human beings do some boring, repetitive and dangerous work, which human beings are unwilling to do.

At the opening ceremony, Fu Liye Intelligent released a newly developed universal humanoid robot GR-1 in the first show of major innovations. As a domestic self-developed universal humanoid robot product that can be commercialized, GR-1′ s technological breakthrough has attracted the attention of the industry.

GR-1 is 1.65 meters tall, weighs 55 kilograms, has 40 full-body degrees of freedom, the maximum peak torque of joint module can reach 300N·m, the walking speed can reach 5km/h, and the load is 50 kilograms. This robot has a highly bionic trunk configuration, anthropomorphic motion control, fast walking, agile obstacle avoidance, steady uphill and downhill, anti-impact interference and other motion functions, combined with cognitive intelligence, can cooperate with people to complete actions, and has great potential in many application scenarios such as industry, rehabilitation, home, scientific research and so on.

The person in charge of Fu Liye’s intelligence told the reporter of China Economic Weekly: "From special use to general use is the development trend of many technologies and products, which will greatly change the way people live and work. Humanoid robot is a good carrier, once it is generalized, it will meet the huge market demand, similar to the popularity of computers and electric vehicles. Our rehabilitation robot technology has achieved global leadership and landed in more than 40 countries and regions. General robots will continue their globalization strategy and actively expand overseas markets. "

With the theme of "Mobile Overcharging AI Space", Dark Horse Force, which exhibited for the first time, demonstrated its safe and efficient MPS intelligent mobile charging network and its innovative charging experience without awareness of the whole link. Two intelligent charging robots, G60 Xiaohei, demonstrated the whole process of non-inductive charging operation on the spot, and their cool design and flexible skills attracted many guests to stop and watch.

"In the past, new energy owners had to go to the parking lot to find charging piles. In many places, if they don’t pull out the charging gun after charging, they will face fines. The pain point we solved is that the owner doesn’t have to worry about charging, stop at any position in the parking lot, place an order with one button of the mobile phone, and the robot will come over and insert the charging gun into the charging port of your car, and pull it out after it is full; In large supermarkets, hospitals, transportation hubs and a private residential area where charging piles are hard to find, G60 Xiaohe can intelligently charge in the whole process, and complete the unmanned gun insertion and removal operation with high robustness (robustness is transliteration of mechanical engineering, which means "easy to use and durable") by the intelligent mechanical arm. " The field staff told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

At the conference site, the Yun Shenchu Science and Technology booth attracted many people to stop filming. The reporter saw that the dexterous quadruped robot Ghost Lite3 demonstrated advanced sports ability and AI perception ability through dexterous jumping, voice interaction, human body following and navigation obstacle avoidance. The industrial robot X20 shows multi-sensor fusion gait planning by going up and down stairs steadily and naturally. According to the on-site staff, Lite3 introduced the industrial real-time control system with deep optimization kernel for the first time, which improved the overall computing power by nearly 3 times, climbed 15cm steps, almost the limit height that quadruped robots of the same size can complete, and also supported high jump, forward somersault and other difficult movements.

The US group drone used for delivery attracted the audience to stop.

The humanoid robot "Optimus" at Tesla booth

Hong Kong pavilion enterprises exhibiting for the first time — — Cao Xiaolei (middle), founder of Health Shooting, is introducing products to the audience.

Black Horse Force’s first MPS robot G60 Xiaohe made a stunning debut, attracting many viewers to stop and watch the experience.

Big model!

Empowering all walks of life to create diverse ecology

"Please write a poem to describe the future world of artificial intelligence?"

"Can wok cooking supplement iron?"

At the Iflytek booth, the iFLYTEK Spark Cognitive Model attracted many guests to stop. Everyone crowded around the big model to ask questions to it, and the big model quickly gave the answer, which became one of the hottest "punch points" in the exhibition.

At present, the big model of artificial intelligence pre-training is setting off a new round of intelligent upsurge, leading artificial intelligence from dedicated to universal. More than 30 large models, including Baidu Wenxin, ali tong Yi, Huawei Pangu, iFLYTEK Spark, and Shang Tang Ririxin, all appeared on the stage, showing that the large models can empower the diverse ecology of all walks of life.

For domestic large models, the key to sustainable security and development depends on the rapid development of domestic AI chips and supporting software. As Hu Guoping, senior vice president of Iflytek and director of the State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, said: "The domestic big model will have a big future only if it is based on the computing base of China’s independent innovation."

It is based on this background that during this conference, Huawei and Iflytek Big Model officially unveiled their cooperation and made every effort to build a new base of general intelligence in China.

Huawei Ascent Platform is one of the representative works of domestic independent computing power. Hu Guoping said: "The strong alliance between iFLYTEK Spark and Shengteng AI makes the domestic large-scale model architecture based on independent innovation of software and hardware."

According to reports, on the one hand, the iFLYTEK Spark Cognitive Model is based on the integrated design of training and reasoning, which can realize the technological breakthrough of thinning and low-precision quantification of the large model, effectively adapt to Ascending AI, and accelerate the industrial application and iteration of the large model; On the other hand, with Ascension AI as the core, software and hardware can be co-optimized, and a large model training cluster with concentrated computing power, superior performance, stable supply and data security can be built.

Hu Guoping believes that the large model is similar to the principle layer of the brain. They are all combined by over 100 billion neurons, receiving input stimuli and then generating intelligent output, and have similar intelligent excitation and operation mechanisms. "What the brain can do, the big model can also be realized. This indicates that the big model has unlimited potential. "

According to Hu Houkun, the rotating chairman of Huawei, the basic model is "reading thousands of books", while the industry model and scene model are "walking Wan Li Road".

He said, "From ‘ Read thousands of books ’ To ‘ Take Wan Li Road ’ There are still many challenges to be overcome. One of the key points is to fully match and integrate the knowledge of all walks of life with the big model. Huawei is working with partners in various industries. "

Li Xu, Chairman and CEO of Shangtang Technology, said: "The breakthrough of big model has set off a new round of technological revolution of artificial intelligence, followed by explosive growth of industrial demand, and brand-new application scenarios and application modes are rapidly emerging. Shang Tang hopes to pass ‘ Large model+large device ’ Continue to promote the leap-forward improvement of AI infrastructure capabilities, not only to create a basic model with stronger general capabilities, but also to further efficiently integrate professional knowledge in different vertical fields, build a professional large model with better understanding of the industry and more expertise, and fundamentally reduce the downstream application costs and thresholds of large models, so that the industrial value of large models can bloom in thousands of industries. "

With the rapid development of general artificial intelligence represented by big models, Shanghai, which is at the forefront of science and technology, is actively promoting the construction of an open and safe big model innovation ecology and building a world-class industrial cluster of artificial intelligence, and the innovation and development policy on big models will soon be introduced.

Zhang Ying, deputy director of Shanghai Economic and Information Technology Commission, said at the closing ceremony that Shanghai will implement three plans to solve the bottleneck of large-scale model development. Among them, the "Big Model Innovation Support Plan" will focus on supporting Shanghai innovators to develop internationally competitive big models, and will implement special awards to accelerate model iteration. The "Intelligent Computing Acceleration Plan" focuses on strengthening the construction of large-scale intelligent computing power and establishing a green channel. The "Demonstration Application Promotion Plan" will strengthen the deep application of large models in vertical fields such as intelligent manufacturing, education and teaching, technology and finance, design creativity and scientific intelligence, and create benchmarking scenarios.

(The pictures in the article were all taken by Song Jie, a reporter from China Economic Weekly.)

(This article was published in the 13th issue of China Economic Weekly in 2023).

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Cover of the 13th issue of China Economic Weekly in 2023.

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