杭州桑拿洗浴论坛

　　Authors: Liu Chuqun and Xia Xuesheng (professors and doctoral students of Jiangxi Normal University respectively)

　　editorial comment/note

　　The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Chinese festival "Double Ninth Festival", and it is also the "China Elderly Festival". In recent years, China’s population aging presents the situation and characteristics of large quantity, fast speed, great difference and heavy task. The state has issued a series of development plans, and defined the strategic objectives and implementation steps of active aging. The language life of the elderly is related to their quality of life and physical and mental health. It is the basic condition for the elderly to enjoy a happy old age and needs more social attention.

　　Li Na/painting

　　Aging has a global trend in contemporary times; Caring for the life of the elderly is a topic of universal significance. China is a country with a large population of elderly people, with the population over 60 years old reaching 260 million. The fourth sampling survey on the living conditions of the elderly in urban and rural areas of China shows that the living conditions of the elderly in China are generally good. The family status of the elderly is relatively stable, and their independence and discourse power are high; Living conditions are good, most of them have independent rooms, and the electrical equipment in the rooms is relatively modern; There are various leisure ways, including traveling, chess and cards, reading books and newspapers, walking and chatting, planting flowers and keeping pets, etc. Neighborhood relations are harmonious, and they often walk around and help each other.

　　The above survey reflects the overall living conditions of the elderly, but it still lacks the necessary attention to the language life, the core content of the elderly life. Language life, in short, is all kinds of social activities and personal activities carried out by using language as a bridge. The quality of language life has an important influence on the living conditions, quality of life, mental state, mental health and physical and mental pleasure of the elderly.

　　　Language living conditions of the elderly

　　In order to understand the real language life of the elderly, the author’s research group conducted a survey in more than 30 cities and rural areas in Jiangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Chongqing and other provinces and cities in August 2022, and received 455 valid questionnaires. Among the questionnaire samples, 48% were male and 52% were female. Rural areas account for 46%, and urban areas account for 54%. Among them, 31% of urban elderly people come from rural areas to cities to help their children look after their children and do housework. 30% are 60 ~ 65 years old, 25% are 66 ~ 70 years old, 18% are 70 ~ 75 years old, 11% are 76 ~ 80 years old, 11% are 81 ~ 85 years old, and 5% are over 86 years old. Primary school education or below accounts for 60%, secondary school education (technical secondary school) education accounts for 31%, and university education or above accounts for 9%. On the whole, the respondents are low-educated and most of them are under 80 years old.

　　The survey found that there are some obvious deficiencies in the language life of some elderly people. In terms of language ability, most elderly people do not have language barriers in social interaction, but there are still 37% elderly people who often have language barriers caused by dialect differences in interpersonal communication outside their families. In terms of communication objects, the communication objects of the elderly in their daily lives are mainly middle-aged and elderly people, and the communication with young people, especially teenagers, is obviously insufficient. 83% of the elderly rarely communicate with teenagers, and 60% of the elderly even communicate with their children and grandchildren. 70% of the elderly said there was a generation gap in communication with middle-aged people, and 88% said there was a generation gap in communication with teenagers. In terms of speaking time and willingness to communicate, 46% of the elderly said that the daily speaking time was less than before, and 43% of the elderly said that their willingness to actively communicate was lower than before. In terms of network communication, many elderly people will use their mobile phones for shopping, information inquiry, social chat, entertainment, etc., and 41% of the elderly people interviewed said that they only use their mobile phones to make phone calls and can hardly do anything else; The elderly who can use WeChat account for 47%, but only 5% can use Weibo, email and other network applications. The vast majority of the elderly (88%) are still used to using the telephone to communicate. In terms of understanding buzzwords and new words, only 1% of the respondents said they were familiar with them, and 84% said they basically didn’t know them.

　　The survey results show that the limitations of the language life of contemporary elderly people are mainly as follows: cross-dialect communication is difficult, communication with younger generations is less, there is a generation gap with young people, the speaking time is reduced, the willingness to speak is reduced, digital products and new media are not familiar enough, and there is a distance between them and popular language and culture.

　　Physical and mental changes are important constraints.

　　Most elderly people are eager to keep up with the pace of language life, but some elderly people are unwilling to actively participate in social language life because of various objective conditions and subjective reasons.

　　Physical aging leads to the decline of cognitive ability and language ability, such as listening, vision, memory, pronunciation ability, vocabulary retrieval ability, topic control ability, fluency of language output, complexity of syntactic use, accuracy of language understanding, etc., which all decline with age, which makes the elderly (especially the very old) have practical difficulties in language use in social communication.

　　The change of social role has influenced the language living environment and wishes of the elderly. Everyone has to play many social roles in his life. These roles are usually arranged continuously, and each role is associated with a certain age or life stage. Aging will lead to the loss or interruption of some roles. For example, the elderly will change from the leading role of family, unit and society to a supporting role or even "no corner", which often becomes an important reason why some elderly people are unhappy or even self-enclosed. The elderly constitute a sub-cultural group. Members in the group can find a common language, and it is easier to know and realize themselves. However, there is a clear psychological distance from people outside the group, so the elderly often lack the subjective motivation to communicate with young people, and sometimes even deliberately avoid communicating with young people.

　　In addition, many elderly people who go to the city with their children have problems such as unfamiliar environment, few social opportunities caused by dialect barriers, single conversation object and narrow conversation topics, which may lead to intangible isolation and inner loneliness of the elderly, thus making them lack of healthy and colorful language life.

　　Work together to optimize the language life of the elderly

　　Physical aging is a natural law, but the psychological state can be adjusted. Only by overcoming the obstacles of subjective psychology can the elderly live a good language life, and families and society need to create convenient conditions for the elderly to live a good language life.

　　First, get rid of self-enclosed psychology and take the initiative to participate in communication.Old age is the most mature stage in life, with rich life experience and social experience, and accumulated a lot of tangible and intangible knowledge wealth. Schopenhauer, a philosopher, believes that the experience of the elderly gives them a holistic perspective to control the overall situation. Old people think comprehensively and deal with problems carefully, and can truly be far-sighted and far-sighted; The elderly are highly respected, deeply emotional and willing to contribute, and often become the core and pillar of units, collectives and families. The transformation of social roles has its objective inevitability. The elderly can actively participate in other forms of social interaction and reconstruct the new roles that are most suitable for them. This is the only magic weapon for the elderly to re-recognize themselves, maintain their vitality and improve their happiness index.

　　Second, actively carry out study and training to improve language ability.The elderly can choose appropriate language learning and training contents and methods according to their own basic conditions and hobbies. The common ones are: (1) Reading poems and prose aloud, which will not only help to exercise the function of pronunciation system, but also cultivate the body and mind. (2) Persist in reading and analyze some long and difficult sentences properly, so as to enhance the language processing ability. (3) Insist on telling stories, exercise memory ability and improve narrative ability. (4) Learning a second language can delay the decline of cognitive ability and language ability of the elderly. Many surveys show that, as one of several non-pharmacological strategies to improve the aging process and reduce aging defects, language learning training is not only helpful to improve the cognitive function and self-esteem of the elderly, increase social opportunities, but also significantly improve the sense of accomplishment and happiness of the elderly. It is a very important psychological treatment and rehabilitation tool.

　　Third, cross the digital divide and promote communication.Facing the dazzling application of mobile phones in the digital age, many elderly people fall into a deep digital divide, and travel, shopping, medical treatment, communication and access to information are greatly restricted. In fact, digital products also have their humanized side, and many mobile phone applications have launched old-age versions and large-character versions. Active use of digital products is of great help to the daily communication and language learning of the elderly, and can even become a "treasure chest" to delay aging. The elderly who have eliminated the digital barrier not only have a more convenient life, but also greatly enhance their self-confidence, and have a closer psychological distance with young people. For example, the elderly who often use friends circle and video chat have a fuller life, are more familiar with the joys and sorrows of young people, and also let young people know more about their hobbies, which invisibly enhances the feelings between generations.

　　Fourth, multi-parties care together to optimize the language life of the elderly.Respecting and loving the elderly is a fine tradition of the Chinese nation. An important way to practice the tradition is to help the elderly live a good daily life, including language life. In the family, young people should pay more attention to the psychological needs of their elders, introduce more anecdotes in life, and encourage the elderly to talk more and communicate more. If possible, they can also write memoirs, and don’t show boredom with the "nagging and nagging" of the elderly; Children and grandchildren who have lived in other places for many years can actively contact the elderly with the help of convenient modern communication means, which not only urges the elderly to talk more, but also makes the life of the elderly, especially the elderly living alone, less monotonous, and promotes the elderly to skillfully use digital products and promote the high-quality development of their language life. All enterprises, institutions and grass-roots communities should implement the national policy for the development of the cause of the elderly, provide convenient and suitable venues for the elderly, actively organize various cultural and sports activities for the elderly, and guide the elderly to go out often, make friends and chat more, so as to keep their body and mind happy. Academic circles should strengthen the research on the language of the elderly, explore the language characteristics of all kinds of elderly people and the language skills of communicating with them. In a word, the common care of the elderly by families, social organizations and academic circles is an indispensable external condition to ensure the elderly to live a good language life.

　　The living conditions of the elderly are an important indicator to measure social governance and social civilization. Living a good language life for the elderly is the basic condition for the elderly to enjoy a happy old age, which not only requires the elderly to participate in social activities with a positive attitude and actively integrate into the ever-changing times, but also requires all sectors of society to pay attention to caring for the elderly and create a warm family and social atmosphere for the elderly. "Mo Dao Sang Yu is late, and the twilight is still full of sky." Old age is a long life course, and no one can bypass this journey. May all old friends enjoy this wonderful sunset happily.

Source: Global Times

[Special correspondent of Global Times in Germany, Aoki, Special correspondent of Global Times, Li Jiayin] "This victory has eliminated some haze of the host of the 2024 European Championship." The Associated Press commented on the recent victory of the German men’s soccer team. On the 12th, the German team defeated the French team 2-1 in a friendly match, and goalkeeper Andrei Ter stegen said: "Now is the most difficult day for the team. We have proved that we can turn things around through victory. This victory has given us confidence." The "hardship" in stegen’s mouth not only refers to the fact that the team just lost its head coach, but also is an evaluation of the German football environment. "A victory and a tragedy were staged at the same time-the German national basketball team won the World Cup, and this achievement was sensational enough. But on the other hand, German men’s football coach Hans fleek left after being defeated by the Japanese team. " The evaluation of German "Daily Mirror" represents the views of mainstream German media, which has aroused public concern about the different fates of Germany’s "two big balls".

"Unbelievable shame"

The decision to fire fleek was widely welcomed, but the timing of the announcement by the German Football Association angered many people. According to the US "TA" website, German sports have recently gained a series of disappointing achievements-German men’s and women’s soccer teams failed to qualify for the World Cup group stage, and German track and field athletes failed to win medals at the Budapest World Championships. Against this background, the sensational victory of the men’s basketball team gave the German sports world a breathing space. However, the German Football Association also announced fleek’s class. Sports reporter Weinreich said: "For the German Football Association, this operation is an incredible shame. They should have announced it before the men’s basketball World Cup final, instead of distracting everyone when they celebrated winning the championship." Similar views are widely spread in the German public opinion field.

German men’s football coach Hans fleek, data map

As the host of the 2024 European Championship, German football is under great pressure. According to the website of Bavarian Football Factory in Germany, before the match against France, Gundogan admitted at a press conference that after learning that fleek was fired, the German team was in a mixed mood of sadness, frustration and disappointment. Fleek is always focused, active and energetic. Unfortunately, the German team failed to turn the advantages of the head coach into advantages. From the paper strength, Germany has a large number of outstanding talents, and most of the players play in the Champions League club. However, the team has never been able to solve the lineup problem-there is no suitable right striker and the defense line has been adjusted.

Constant adjustment and tossing became the "fuse" of fleek’s class. Fleek was successful in Bayern Munich. The formation of the team was very solid, and the best players were fixed in each position. Fleek made great efforts to establish effective communication with all the players and cultivate a united team culture together, so Bayern can keep winning. However, since he took over the German men’s soccer team, fleek’s working style has completely changed. He always seems to change his formation, adjust his tactics and try to use different players, making everything too complicated and the result is very bad.

"German virtue" was abandoned

After the failure of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 group match in 2022, the German Kicker claimed that the failure of German football originated from all levels, from the Football Association to the head coach. "Deutsche Welle" website said that the German team has no real center, and the number of people in the defense line changes frequently. fleek’s coaching has been criticized by many people. Reporter Jonathan Harding even said that the German team is no longer an elite team. In his view, the head coach is responsible for the failure of the German team, but the structure of German football, especially the youth training, is even more fatal.

The German Football Association has caused a heated debate on the reform of youth football. In order to stimulate the interest of primary school students in playing football, the German Football Association introduced a new standard of relative points in primary school. Little players don’t need to pay too much attention to goals and victories, but emphasize personal development. Hans Joachim Watzck, vice chairman of the German Football Association and CEO of Dortmund Club, expressed clear opposition to this: "If you don’t try to fail at the age of eight or nine, you will never find the strength to win. The new youth training method is completely wrong, but these people are still discussing games without goals. " Matthias sammer, a former German international, said in an interview with Sü ddeutsche Zeitung: "German football has given up the traditional’ German virtue’, that is, players are strong and strive for victory with outstanding performance in the game."

The secret of victory of German men’s basketball team

Compared with the men’s soccer teams in fleek and Germany, the German men’s basketball team and its Canadian head coach Gordon Herbert have set a new benchmark. Matthaeus, a famous German football player, said: "Look at the unity of the German basketball team and their head coach with great personality. Herbert’s control over the team surprised me very much." The website "Deutsche Welle" said that the German men’s basketball team won the championship by defeating the United States in the semi-final and Serbia in the final, and achieved great achievements that were once unimaginable.

The last time the German men’s basketball team reached the semi-finals of the World Cup was back in 2002. After winning the silver medal in the European Championship in 2005, the German men’s basketball team fell into a trough. Fei Molin, a former German men’s basketball player, said: "In the past, teams in the Bundesliga always had foreign aid (mainly), which resulted in the loss of two generations of German players. Now, the club pays more attention to providing opportunities for young local players, which is one of the reasons why we now have an excellent national team. "

With youth training as a guarantee, the German men’s basketball team began to pay attention to the long-term and sustainable team building. In 2021, Herbert took office. Under his leadership, the German men’s basketball team won the bronze medal in the European Championship in 2022. Fei Molin said that the secret of the success of the German men’s basketball team is to give the coaches and players trust and keep the team continuous. Among the players who won the bronze medal in the European Championship with Herbert last year, nine have set foot on this year’s World Cup. Herbert believes: "Without commitment, you can’t achieve your goals. Everyone always talks about achieving your goals, but first and foremost, everyone needs dedication and sacrifice. All players have made such commitments."

In this Men’s Basketball World Cup, Schroeder became the deserved leader of the German team, and his role was similar to Nowitzki’s. If Schroeder is not in good shape, how will the German men’s basketball team respond? In the game against Latvia, Schroeder felt cold, and he admitted after the game that "this was his worst game." But the Wagner brothers, Oberster and Timan stepped forward to help the team get through.

Fei Molin said that this is our best national team. Based on the continuous growth of reserve talents, Fei Molin is no longer worried about the obvious decline of the German men’s basketball team in the future. However, it may be a good choice for the German men’s soccer team, which is in the "head coach’s empty window", to return to the first-team teams and emulate the German men’s basketball team.

"Strictly beating"

Recently, the beauty collection store Harmay Diaolia Corporate Company Shanghai Diaoli Lexiang Enterprise Development Co., Ltd. was fined 887,000 yuan, because the big -name small sample cosmetics label sold did not meet the regulations.

It is worth noting that this is not the first time that the beauty collection store has planned to follow the sample, but the fine is innovative. This punishment signal is considered by the industry to be the beginning of strict samples, and the samples on the vent on the air’s mouth should also be reduced.

35 big -name small sample rollover, the plum was fined 887,000

According to the administrative penalty letter made by the Shanghai Municipal Supervision Bureau to the Shanghai Diaolu Enjoy Enterprise Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai dialect Mei Lexiang), on April 16, 2021, the Municipal Supervision Bureau was on the "Harmay in Xingye Road, Huangpu District. The "Cosmetics Collection Store for the" Cosmetics Collection Store. It was found that the "Clarins Clarins" brand Huanyan Elastic Ridon (5ml), which was selling at the scene, had a missing item of 4 brands of 4 brands and 24 cosmetics. At the same time, the Shanghai Municipal Supervision Bureau stated that during the investigation of the above cases, some cosmetics sold in the above case still had Chinese labels that were missing.

According to the equity penetration information, the legal representative of Shanghai Dia spectrum is consistent with Beijing dialect Melalexiang Technology Co., Ltd. (that is, the parent company of Harmay dialect).

局 Intercept the Shanghai Municipal Supervision Bureau

According to Green Eye statistics, all the cosmetics of these Chinese labels are all small samples of international big names, including 11 brands such as Tiffany, Bobley, Da Ke, and Jiao Shiyun, with a total of 35 cosmetics. The problem of illegal labels is mainly concentrated in the three aspects of labelless cosmetics component tables, production batch numbers, and imported cosmetics filing numbers. Among them, the Dake series is the most, involving 17 sample products, which accounts for almost half of the total number of the above brands.

The penalty letter shows that the parties sell a total of 35 cosmetics without tax (13%tax rate) sales of 152,000 yuan, the value of the goods is 245,000 yuan, and a total of 1134 cosmetics are inventory.

According to the provisions of the "Cosmetics Supervision and Administration Regulations", "the minimum sales unit of cosmetics should have labels. Tags should comply with relevant laws, administrative regulations, and mandatory national standards, and the content is true, complete, and accurate." The behavior is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 35 of the Cosmetics Supervision and Administration Regulations, which constitutes the behavior of cosmetics that does not meet the requirements of the operating label.

In the end, the Shanghai Municipal Supervisory Bureau enjoys the Shanghai dialect, which enjoys a penalty of "confiscating illegal income RMB 152,000 and a fine of RMB 735,000".

In response to punishment, Qingyan contacted Harmay today, but the other party did not make a statement.

It is reported that Harmay said since 2008 on the online Taobao store, and opened the first offline store in Anfu Road, Shanghai in 2017. In 2019, the Beijing Sanlitun Store became popular on social platforms. Favorite.

Earlier this year, Harmay Mi Mei received about 200 million US dollars (about RMB 1.27 billion) D -round financing. At present, a total of 4 rounds of financing has been completed. Public news shows that currently Harmay’s big names and overseas niche brands have more than 400, SKU exceeds 9,000, and more than a hundred new Jinjin cooperative brands in 2021.

Puzzle

In the past two years, with the continuous refinement of consumers’ needs, small sample products are small, portable, and low -testing the characteristics of low -testing costs. They are sought after by consumers and brands. Brands such as Lancome and Keyan have placed "sample machines" in malls. Consumers use products by free delivery samples, so as to excavate customers.

With the rise of beauty gathering stores such as Harmay and onlywrite, big samples have become the weapon for store drainage and marketing, and the size of the small sample economic market has grown rapidly.

However, behind the hot samples, many people in the industry are worried, "Non -selling products and money, (the market) where there are so many small and medium samples." Even a beauty retail channel practitioner told Qingyan that the small samples circulating on the market at present The scale has far exceeded the industry supply.

梅Harmay talk information map

So, outside the official channels, where did the samples sold by the beauty collection store come from? Harmay’s co -founder Ju Chunmao said in an interview with 36KR: "Under the current business environment of China, the license of big names is more difficult to get. Mainly from counters and traders. "

According to Qingyan survey, most of the small and medium samples in the market are from the following four channels: brand gifts; brand counters or internal personnel for resale; "reversing" supply; smuggling and fraud. But there are few small and medium samples produced in the first two channels.

The above -mentioned beauty retail channel practitioners told Qingyan that the samples sold in the beauty collection store have a cross -border trade in the cosmetics counters of department stores -a lot of small samples without Chinese labels come from this, that is, the goods purchased overseas Small sample.

"No import cosmetics filing number, of course, does not rule out smuggling and fake sale." Zhang Taijun, R & D director of Guangzhou Tsui Tsui Skin Skin Science and Technology Research Institute. According to the "Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics" and "Administrative Measures for Cosmetics Tags", cosmetics should have Chinese labels. Offline channel sales do not have Chinese label imported cosmetics, or products that do not meet the prescribed labels are obviously illegal.

It is worth noting that in January last year, ONLY WRITE, the beauty collection store of Hangzhou Kerry Center, was reported by consumers. The local market regulatory bureau contacted the customs department to assist in the investigation. Nearly 3,000 pieces of suspected smuggling cosmetics were detained, most of which were small cosmetics samples (for details, see "onlywrite! The source of cosmetics samples").

Strict sample

It is not difficult to see that the unqualified cosmetics label reflects product sources and product quality issues, which plays an important role in rectify the small sample market.

"Cosmetics supervision will become stricter and stricter. There are small and medium samples (gifts) in the management measures of cosmetics labeling. It has been implemented for a long time, but no one has paid special attention to it before. Many big brands have also issued official statements. The barcode is sold. "The above person said.

Among them, many people in the industry reported to Qingyan to strictly check the samples, which will be a punch of the beauty collection stores mainly sampled drainage. "As soon as this incident came out, it was understood that people had already been removed (non -compliant). The samples of formal channel sources were not problems. If informal channels, these beauty collection stores will definitely be affected later."

There is also a factory in the direction of Qingyan, "At present, the domestic brands and foreign -funded brands in domestic production and filing have basically unique and strict supervision. The management of imported products is actually gradually standardized. It’s the compliance of imported products. "

In fact, the tightening of small sample supervision has already begun last year. Earlier this year, the Shenzhen Municipal Supervision Bureau reported that since January last year, it destroyed 3 illegal denominations of cosmetics operations and seized 2,388 boxes of cosmetics with various types of imported brands without Chinese labels, with a minimum packaging cosmetics of more than 22,000 boxes. The estimated value of the goods exceeds 22 million yuan, and 3 cases are filed, of which the value of the counterfeit cosmetics involved in counterfeit infringement is 260,000 yuan, and it is transferred to another public security case.

On March 1 last year, Tmall also issued the "Notice on the Regulations on the release of new Tmall sample products". According to the new rules of Tmall, the pricing of sample products released by merchants shall not be higher than the price of the same proportion of the corresponding formal products. At the same time, the sample volume does not exceed 30%of the decoration products in principle. In addition, the merchants should express the attribute keywords such as "trial", "small samples", "samples", "trial outfit", "experience outfit" in the published sample title, and provide the purchase voucher for the sample for platform review.

"With the introduction of relevant national regulatory policies and the requirements of retail platform specifications, the beauty collection stores with small samples as selling points may adjust the procurement channels, and the continuous supply of products is certain." Some industry people said, "Now it is also very very very very very very very very very very very very It is difficult to say the specific impact on small sample business, but the problem of small sample compliance or the main strike object of strict supervision this year. "

At the same time, with the official implementation of the "Administrative Measures for Cosmetics Labels" on May 1 this year, the sample economy of small sample cosmetics will undoubtedly usher in an inflection point.

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