Eating a bowl of potatoes is enough for drunk driving？

　　Potatoes can be used to make wine. The raw material used in Norway’s national wine Aquavit is potatoes. But if someone tugs at your sleeve and says, "Come on, drink this potato!" " You might think that he has drunk too much, but for some people, eating high-sugar foods such as boiled potatoes or French fries may really make him "drunk".

　　According to previous media reports, a 61-year-old Texas man’s blood alcohol concentration is still as high as 0.37% without drinking alcohol; Another man is eating a lot of high-carbon water foods such as potatoes, and his blood alcohol concentration is as high as 120mg/100ml, which is equivalent to drinking 7 glasses of whisky.

　　There really is a saying that "everyone gets drunk if he doesn’t get drunk"

　　Here is a magical disease: automatic brewing syndrome, also known as "intestinal fermentation syndrome". Literally, you can probably know that this is a "strange disease" that does not drink alcohol but can "make wine" in your intestines, that is, produce endogenous alcohol. Its symptoms usually appear after "eating a lot of high-carbon water food".

　　There are many kinds of human intestinal flora, including bacteria related to obesity, such as Enterobacter cloacae reported by Professor Zhao Liping of Shanghai Jiaotong University, which not only makes experimental mice prefer high-fat diet, but also turns off some genes related to lipolysis and activates some genes related to fat synthesis. There are also bacteria that can make wine, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. If their abundance is high, it may turn the human body into a "mobile brewing workshop". In addition, if you are infected with Candida albicans, you may also have automatic wine-making syndrome.

　　"Wine does not make people drunk"? This is too terrible, not only may be inexplicably drunk, but also may lead to fatty liver.

　　Fatty liver without drinking?

　　It used to be said that drinking alcohol hurts the liver. Today, people have common sense that people who don’t drink alcohol can get liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

　　Fatty liver is a common disease. Fat accumulates in the liver, causing liver damage, and then develops into hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even liver cancer. According to the etiology, fatty liver can be divided into two types: alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The former is caused by a large amount of alcohol intake, but how did nonalcoholic fatty liver get it?

　　Previous studies have shown that the etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver is complex, which is related to obesity, metabolic abnormalities, especially dyslipidemia and insulin resistance syndrome, and abnormal changes of intestinal microorganisms. For example, if a large number of Bacteroides rectus and Bacteroides vulvae in the intestine are enriched, it may lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver by interfering with normal metabolism or causing inflammation. In addition, more bacteria that can synthesize ethanol in the intestine will also accelerate the progress of fatty liver. 60% patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver are rich in ethanol-producing bacteria in the intestine. Interestingly, there are many Klebsiella pneumoniae that infect the lungs and cause fever and cough, which may also lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver. Here, Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly known as "pneumobacillus", which generally exists in the upper respiratory tract and intestines. If human immunity is reduced, these bacteria may invade the lungs and cause acute pneumonia.

　　Recently, the team of Beijing Capital Institute of Pediatrics published a research result. They found a suspected patient with automatic wine-making syndrome. Without drinking, he would "pass out" just by eating a lot of high-carbon water food, and his blood alcohol concentration was as high as 40mg/100ml. In addition, this patient also suffers from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which means that his NAFLD symptoms are already very serious. At first, the treatment team suspected that there were too many Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the patient, but after testing, it was found that this was not the case.

　　At the same time, the research team identified a new Klebsiella pneumoniae strain HiAlc Kpn from his body, which brought nonalcoholic fatty liver to patients. In the case of drunkenness, the proportion of bacteria in patients’ stool samples is as high as 18.8%, which is 900 times the normal value! In addition, the correlation analysis also shows that the abundance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients has a strong correlation with the severity of the disease. After low-carbon diet and antibiotic treatment, the patient’s condition has been significantly alleviated.

　　Take care of your intestinal flora for the sake of your liver.

　　Previous studies have found that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic fatty liver disease have many similar histological features, such as fat deposition, and the size and number of Mallory bodies are difficult to distinguish. Researchers have long suspected that their pathogenic mechanisms have something in common. So, is the large amount of endogenous alcohol produced by the abnormal proportion of intestinal flora the real culprit? This paper gives its own answers: the liver-gut microbial axis exists objectively, and exogenous Klebsiella pneumoniae can directly induce fatty liver symptoms in mice; Compared with the mice with fatty liver caused by alcohol feeding, the fatty liver induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae is similar in anatomy and histopathology. After being fed with high-carbon water food, the abundance of this "culprit" in mice also increased.

　　Therefore, for the health of the liver, we should treat our intestinal microorganisms well, not only the high-fat diet, but also the high-carbon water food. Reducing the intake of high-fat and high-sugar diet, ensuring the supply of dietary fiber, sleeping regularly, moderate drinking or not drinking, etc. are all commonplace "healthy habits". (Han Fei)